Proportions of vodka and water. How to dilute alcohol without risk to health

It would seem that making vodka at home is simple: take (the main thing is that it is edible) and water, mix, and you're done.

But from how to dilute alcohol, depends on the quality and taste of the final product.

And we strive to ensure that it is free of foreign taste, smell and transparent. So let's do it right.

Many believe that cooking quality vodka, which you will not get poisoned, medical alcohol is best suited. And they are surprised when it turns out that this is not the case. The product, which is called "Medical" - the first grade, unrefined, with high levels of methyl and fusel oils.

It is produced from food raw materials (grain, which will get to the distillery, potatoes, molasses, etc. in any proportions). It is intended for external use (rubbing before injections, disinfection, etc.), and not for ingestion!

Yes, drinking diluted medical alcohol, you won’t go blind and you won’t get into intensive care, but you won’t get much pleasure either. In addition, expect a hangover if you “overtake” the usual dose a little.

For the preparation of vodka in Russia, according to GOST, the following alcohols are used:

• the highest purification(ironically, despite the encouraging name, it is the lowest grade among the "vodka"). Produced from the same raw materials as medical, but subjected to additional purification. And in the future it becomes the basis for cheap vodka;
• "Basis"- grain-potato product, where potatoes - up to 60%. Also for budget alcohol;
• "Extra". Grain and potatoes are used, and the latter - no more than 35% of the total amount of raw materials. It is used in vodka products of the middle price category;
• "Lux"- only from grain mash. Alcoholic products of which belongs to the Premium class;
• "Alpha" for mash uses only rye and wheat. It is used to make vodkas and tinctures of the Super-Premium classification.

Important. The degree of purification is higher as the class of the product increases.

So, the amount of methyl in Alpha is up to 0.003 mg / dm3 in terms of 100% alcohol, and in Basis - up to 0.05 mg / dm3, and the tolerance fusel oils above at Basis.

Today, food alcohol of any brand can be freely bought in specialized stores and via the Internet.

Preparation of ingredients for breeding

It is worth recalling that the ingredients for creating vodka or tincture in your own kitchen must be of high quality, and also prepared.

1. Alcohol. You need to buy it only in verified points. And here is the right rule - trust your instincts. But sniffing is not enough. Poison tech has the same smell.

Advice. Put some liquid on the back of your brush and rub it dry. Smell right away.

If it smells the way alcohol should smell, everything is in order, but if a sharp bad smell- in front of you, the use of which is deadly.

2. Water. You have often read vodka labels: "corrected water". What does this mean? What was removed from it extra salt, chlorine, etc. The water became soft, suitable for combining with alcohol. Thus, we come to the conclusion that tap water, even settled water, is not an option at all. Someone takes it from springs, deep wells. But the best option- This bottled purified, especially for baby food. You can also distilled from a pharmacy.

note. Hard water and vodka will make rough and harsh, unpleasant to drink. Here even the "softening" ingredients will not help.

3. Additives. Small amounts of sugar or honey are usually added to vodka. They give softness to the final product, it is pleasant to drink. In addition, with the help of extracts purchased via the Internet of a not entirely clear composition, you can imitate cognac, whiskey, rum, calvados etc. and so on. That's just the question of whether you need it, decide for yourself.

Proportions of dilution of alcohol up to 40 degrees

The proportion for obtaining 40-degree vodka is 2 parts of 96-degree alcohol and 3 parts of water. And not in milligrams, but by weight(alcohol is lighter than water).

However, if you dream that you will pour 200 ml of alcohol and 300 ml of water into one container, and as a result you will get 0.5 liters of vodka, then you are mistaken.

There will be less fluid! And how much less - depends on many reasons, we are talking o 90 - 96% of the summed initial amount of the two liquids.

It was this problem that Mendeleev studied, and his “invention” of vodka is already a “by-product” of his scientific dissertation.

The compression of the mixture is called contraction and is explained in terms of science. We will not go into the details of chemical processes, but simply take this fact into account.

On the other hand, Mendeleev determined that with different dilution (in percentage terms), different hydrates are also formed, which dramatically change the taste of the solution. By diluting 96% alcohol with water to 40%, we get the most “tasty” mixture without a strong odor. But at the same time, the "disappearance" of the liquid is greater. With an increase in strength to 43-46%, we get less contraction, but the taste will deteriorate sharply. What a chemistry!

There is another axiom: pour alcohol into water, not vice versa. If the rule is broken, a cloudy mixture can be obtained, and it is difficult to get rid of this turbidity even by filtration.

Peculiarities. Mixing occurs without turbidity, if the water is well cooled beforehand.

How to dilute to the desired degree according to the formula?

Mixing liquids "by eye" is a direct path to getting unfit for drinking "mumbling". To accurately maintain proportions and dilute alcohol with water to 40 degrees or another strength, you can use the formula 100хKSх10/TK-NS=KV, where:

• KS - alcohol strength;
• TK - the required fortress;
• HC - available alcohol (in ml);
• KV - the amount of water (ml).

For example: we have alcohol with a strength of 96 ° - 1 liter. We want to get a fortress of 40°.

100x96x10:40-1000=1400.

That is, we need 1400 ml of water, to which we need to add 1000 ml of 96-degree alcohol to get vodka with a strength of 40 °.

Advice. If you do not want to calculate, use the Fertman table or the moonshiner's calculator.

cleaning

After preparing vodka, it is desirable to clean it. Any will do of the ways in which moonshine is cleaned:

• birch or coconut charcoal. The worst option is an activated pharmacy;
• milk (whey);
• passing through a household water filter;
• egg white or other methods.

Adding Other Ingredients

Only after cleaning, add other ingredients that improve the vodka's organoleptic properties. It can be sugar syrup, honey, lemon (orange) juice, glucose.

Important. Do not add too much to vodka additional ingredients otherwise you might ruin the taste.

For 1 liter of vodka, it is enough to add one of the products:

• juice from half a lemon or orange;
• glucose - 30-40 ml;
• honey - 3-4 tbsp. spoons;
• sugar syrup - up to 50 ml.

After adding the closed container, shake well so that the ingredients are thoroughly mixed.

Settling of diluted alcohol

After completing the work on creating your own homemade vodka upholding is needed. In the language of winemakers, ingredients need to be "married", that they naturally“mutually penetrated”, and the taste stabilized.

Alcohol is a hard drink: even when treating wounds and rubbing with undiluted alcohol, you can get burns, but in some situations it can be very useful. For example, on a hike, in nature - where, in addition to alcohol, you also need to carry a backpack with all sorts of things. And the natural desire of everyone to reduce the weight that you have to carry with you. In such situations, alcohol is just perfect. Alcohol is also used not only for direct dilution and drinking in this form, but for the preparation of vodka, tinctures and liqueurs at home.

However, get forty percent alcohol not so difficult (as, indeed, of any other concentration). The main thing is to do it right.

How to dilute alcohol

It would seem that it could be easier than diluting alcohol - mixed it with water - and you're done. But no. There are many nuances here.

Firstly, alcohols are different and with different strengths (first-class - 96%, with the highest purification - 96.2%, "extra" - 96.5%, "luxury" - 96.3%, medical and dry (anhydrous) ). The degree of purification of alcohol directly depends on the type. And the diversity of species is related to what exactly alcohol is obtained from (from which grain).

Secondly, the water for breeding should be taken the purest, completely transparent, so to speak - without color, taste and smell. In addition, it will be better if there are no salts in it. In addition, this water must be further purified, filtered and softened. Ready option commonly referred to as “corrected water”. At home, for diluting alcohol, it is best to purchase distilled water at a pharmacy, but in no case should you take regular water from the tap in the kitchen.

How should alcohol be diluted with water?

Several points are important here:

First moment. When you dilute alcohol, then it is worth pouring it into prepared water. Never do the opposite!

Second moment. Do not try to mix alcohol and water "by eye" - you will just get swill. The ideal proportion was brought out by Mendeleev, the “father” and creator of the periodic table of chemical elements and vodka as such. He brought out perfect proportion- 2:3. thus you need to take 96% alcohol in "sizes" of two parts and water - in "sizes" of three. These "dimensions" are best determined not by volume (two hundred milliliters to three hundred), but by weight (200 grams to 300 grams).

Third moment. Shake the mixture of alcohol with water (other liquids) in the closed state, preferably turning the container upside down.

Fourth moment. It is advisable to keep the diluted alcohol for about a day in the refrigerator.

How to dilute alcohol to 40 degrees?

The ideal proportions for diluting alcohol are indicated above, but if you need to get alcohol with a specific and exact strength - 40, 45 or 55 degrees, then the situation is somewhat more complicated.

The whole problem is that when alcohol and water interact, the resulting volume of the mixture is less than the volumes of both liquids separately. That is, by mixing 2 glasses of alcohol and three glasses of water you will not get five glasses of their mixture. The volume will be smaller.

However, this problem is also completely solvable. To get alcohol desired fortress when breeding, it’s just worth using the Fertman table. This is a special table where all necessary proportions for precise dilution of alcohol.

How to quickly dilute alcohol

Sometimes there is a situation when there is simply no time for mandatory settling of vodka made from alcohol. Then come to the rescue quick recipe dilution of alcohol, and the mixture obtained as a result will be quite pleasant to the taste (in any case, not disgusting).

To do this, you will need everything - nothing: freshly squeezed juice from half an orange or lemon, 96% alcohol - 200 grams and water - 300 grams (you can take a 2: 3 ratio in milliliters). Basic preparation - listed components mixed, vigorously shaken and thoroughly cooled. Citrus juice will kill the alcohol taste, and the vitamin C it contains will help prevent morning hangover And headache from drunk.

To all of the above, you can only add that alcohol can be diluted not only with water. For this purpose, everyone can use recipes to their liking. As "diluents" can be, for example:

• 10% glucose solution in a 1:1 ratio
• juice of citrus fruits, cherries, raspberries, apples, cranberries, tea or coffee, lemonades or tonics (proportions 2:3, as with water)
• beer and champagne - all components 1: 1: 1 (the mixture, I think, is not for the faint of heart, but it’s better to keep silent about the morning)

Among the options for how to dilute alcohol we did not indicate quite extreme ones, such as a mixture of alcohol with condensed milk and other products that, in our opinion, are poorly compatible with alcohol.

In principle, drinking alcohol is not harmful, and you can experiment with it endlessly, you just have to remember about the acceptable doses in which the body can perceive it.

Alcohol is diluted with water and other ingredients to obtain vodka. Self-cooking drink practically does not differ from factory technologies. The advantage of this cooking procedure is that you control everything yourself. And therefore - you will be sure that you will prepare a normal product, with or without, according to your taste, various additives and without the risk of getting poisoned with burnt vodka. How to properly dilute alcohol and will be discussed in the article.

Preparation of ingredients

Alcohol

The preparation of vodka from alcohol by dilution in water is called the “cold method” by technologists. This operation is often used in distilleries. The technology is proven, proven, economical. Dilution results in high quality food product with a known intoxicating effect.

In this process, the main thing is to follow the step by step order of mixing all the ingredients. But first you need to prepare them. Choose an alcohol from the list below:

• 96.5% - extra;
• 96.3% - luxury;
• 96.2% - the highest purification;
• 96% - first grade;
• medical;
• anhydrous.

alcohol best quality is a product labeled "Lux". And the worst option (for lack of a better one) is alcohol of the highest purity. (Don't be surprised - it's true, a hundredth of a percent matters a lot!)

Water

After choosing the main raw material, it is necessary to prepare water, in which then it will be necessary to dilute the alcohol. This component can be filtered or distilled. With filtered can different results, they depend on the hardness of the water and its mineral composition. And with “distillate” there are practically no options for failure (if it is really a distilled product). It is never necessary to use tap water (“Zhekovskaya”) without purification - spoil both the final product and simply transfer valuable alcohol.

There are recommendations to use spring water, clean water in bottles, melt clean water. With these options, everything is very ambiguous. Spring water is often hard, purchased water from a supermarket is also not distinguished by the purity of its parameters, and melt water(with our ecology) we do not recommend at all. ( Last tip will be especially relevant not only for residents of cities, but also suburbs, small towns and villages located next to industrial giants within up to 100 km.)

Additives

How various additives V industrial production various acids and additives are used. Acetic and citric acid are the most popular. Vinegar in honor of its cheapness and sugary smell, and lemon - to soften hard water (even filtered water can be hard). Sugar, aromatic essences are added to vodka as additives, milk and honey are added in small quantities.

The use of these ingredients depends only on your taste preferences. Love “bitter”, real and burning, “so that it warms” - do not use additives. If you like a soft-to-go product, experiment by adding little by little and come up with your perfect recipe.

Alcohol dilution proportions and preparation procedure

Long ago (more than 140 years ago) it was established that optimal proportion for mixing vodka is 2 parts alcohol and 3 parts water. The unit of measurement is mass. That is, to get 1 kg of vodka, you need to take 0.4 kg of alcohol and 0.6 kg of water. Using these weight fractions, you get the classic "40 degrees" with a volume of just under 1 liter.

It is important to understand how to properly dilute alcohol. The mixing procedure is simple: pour alcohol into the water. Not otherwise. The control is carried out with a hydrometer (alcohol meter). Depending on the readings of the device, add a little alcohol. (At the same time, remember about water: it is no longer possible to pour it into the mixture.)

You can use scientific tools for dilution and control - special tables. For vodka of a classic strength of 40 °, you need to take 100 ml of alcohol with a strength of 90 ° and pour into a volume of water equal to 130.8 ml.

For additives, when it comes to industrial production, mass (volume) corrections are made. For home cooking, in small volumes, these amounts of additives can be ignored.

Table "How to dilute alcohol with water." (The value in the cell is the amount of water in ml per 100 ml of ethyl alcohol)

cleaning

After finished product a little defend and clean. Cleaning can be carried out through a fabric or paper filter. Also, after mixing, you can add a little activated charcoal to the mixture itself, and strain after exposure.

To improve the quality of the finished vodka, several tablets of activated carbon are added to the product. After the product in this state is defended for 2-4 hours in heat. The mixture is then filtered through a cloth.

Adding Other Ingredients

After you have managed to successfully dilute the alcohol, the operation of adding additives follows. To soften, add honey, glucose, citrus juices. If you have no experience, then add in small portions. For 1 liter, 30-40 ml of the ingredient is enough, no more. Acids are added even less - 5-10 ml per 1 liter of finished products.

Next, you need to keep the entire composition in the dark and cold for about a week: diluted alcohol reacts with all the ingredients, the mixture gains its final taste. When the exposure is over, then the finished vodka must be bottled. It is important to tightly cork the bottles: if this is not done, then part of the alcohol will evaporate, which will reduce the strength of the product.

Dilute alcohol with water to make real vodka quite simply at home. The output product will turn out to be no worse in softness than its factory counterparts: technology mass production similar to homemade, exactly the same alcohol is used. The main thing is to choose the right ingredients for home cooking and take into account the necessary strength.

Making vodka at home

Russian vodka is popular not only in Russia, but also abroad. This one is being prepared alcoholic drink increased strength is quite simple. For preparation, not one hundred percent alcohol is usually taken, but a solution of 96 percent or less. Additional flavors may be added if desired.

The strength of vodka is 40%, so alcohol will need to be properly diluted with water. The dilution method is called "cold", it is ideal for home-made alcohol. Some distilleries still use the cold recipe, because the final product will really not differ in quality and taste. And it may turn out to be even more pleasant, and at home you can experiment with additives and flavors as much as you like.

Before you start making vodka at home, you need to study the technology and select high-quality the right ingredients. You should pay attention to the alcohol dilution table: you should not take risks and prepare vodka "by eye", even if you do it regularly. Increased strength can seriously and quickly harm the body. And there is no criminal liability for cooking for oneself (but not for sale!) in the country.

Choice of Ingredients

To dilute alcohol with water and prepare vodka, the following components are needed:

• Alcohol.
• Water.
• Glucose.
• natural flavor additives if desired.

Alcohol is taken ethyl or medical. The difference between them is small: medical is made from the same ethyl, but it already contains a small amount of water. To get vodka, it’s not so important which one to take, this does not affect the recipe. food alcohol classified according to different varieties, which differ in the percentage of strength, degree of purification and initial raw materials. In order to make vodka, it is better to take Alpha class alcohol made from wheat.

Ethyl industrial alcohol will not work at all: there are a lot of impurities in it, regardless of the proportion of dilution, it can harm the human body!

Bottled water is the easiest to get. Initially, spring water was taken for the preparation of an alcoholic drink, if there is access to such - it's great, if not, then you don't need to draw it from the tap, there are a lot of salts and extra impurities. You can buy an inexpensive five-liter bottle at the nearest store. Boiled water will not work, as well as distilled - due to the process of boiling and distillation, it loses some of its properties, therefore the dissolution of alcohol in it will be complicated.

Glucose is easily prepared on its own, it only needs water and sugar. The proportions are 1:1, for 1 kg of sugar you can take 1 liter of water, dissolve, put on slow gas and boil until a white foam is obtained. The foam is removed during the boiling process. Properly Prepared glucose syrup will be when the foam stops appearing.

Optionally, according to your own taste, you can additionally take natural flavors: citric acid, some honey or citrus juice.

Preparation of ingredients

You can’t just take and mix a certain amount of alcohol with water to make vodka already. Ingredients must first be selected and prepared. To prepare an alcoholic drink you will need:

• Select water from minimum content salts.
• Prepare glucose.
• Determine the strength of alcohol.
• Cool the water in order to dilute the alcohol without clouding.

When buying water in a store, it is very easy to find out the salt content - you can read about it on the label. If a small amount of the final product is enough for you for one or two feasts, it will be enough to take liter bottle. For cooking "in reserve" (but not for sale!) You can take five. The proportions will average 1.3-1.5:1 - about one and a half parts of water to one part of alcohol.

To accurately determine the proportions, you will need to find out the exact same strength of the alcohol you have. To do this, there is a special device - a hydrometer. It measures the density of the liquid in which it is immersed, the range is quite accurate. The hydrometer determines the strength of alcohol in the range from 60 to 100 degrees.

Correct proportions and mixing

The required amount of water is taken depending on the strength of the alcohol and what result you want to get. To get forty-degree vodka from 95% ethyl alcohol per 100 ml, you need to take 144.4 ml of water. To determine the amount of water, you should use the dilution table.

Make adjustments for additional components not necessarily - they will affect the final fortress very slightly.

When mixing, part of the liquid goes to chemical reaction, therefore it is important to calculate the correct proportions. For vodka, 40% is considered the most optimal degree, but for personal use, a deviation of several degrees will not be critical, especially if the taste suits you completely.

To properly mix, you will need:

1. Prepare a container in which mixing will take place.
2. All prepared water is poured into the container.
3. A small amount of glucose is added to the water.
4. If flavors are used, they are also added at this stage before the alcohol is added.
5. Alcohol is poured into water.
6. Thoroughly mix the entire contents of the container.

It is important to consider that it is alcohol that is poured into water, not vice versa. If you dilute alcohol with water, it will begin to turn white, making vodka will no longer work.

Filtration of vodka

After mixing, the solution must be filtered. For this you need to take Activated carbon, 3-4 tablets of which (or more - up to six per bottle) are added to alcohol solution. After adding coal, the solution is thoroughly shaken and infused for 2-3 hours. There is no need to clean up anywhere, for insisting you need a normal room temperature. Then you need to take a dense gauze in several layers or a dense cloth and strain.

In addition to fabric and gauze, you can take special filter paper for filtering - it all depends on your capabilities and habits. After cleaning, the product is ready.

Storage of the finished product

The alcohol was properly diluted with water, it was infused and filtered - the vodka turned out. Now it needs to be poured into containers and tightly closed so that no air enters at all. Bottles should be filled to the very neck and wrapped very tightly. Otherwise, the alcohol will evaporate, and the rest of the contents will oxidize.

You can use the product in a couple of days, the vodka will settle normally and acquire a characteristic soft taste. If no additives were used, it can be stored indefinitely, subject to the storage rules.

Alcohol is an excellent base for any alcoholic beverages. In particular, being diluted to 40 degrees, it can perfectly replace vodka. At the same time, the resulting product for consumption is a much better analogue of the vodka that can be bought in stores.

The main reason for diluting alcohol to create noble alcoholic beverages is that it is a fairly powerful solvent. When added in pure form (96%), it will kill the taste of any drink. Below we will look at how to dilute alcohol with water.

What to breed?

Contrary to popular belief, alcohol should not be diluted with anything other than water. It is the distillate that is best suited for this. Firstly, it is cleaned of any microorganisms and debris that is present in the water supply. Secondly, the use of any other liquids for this leads to the appearance of an extraneous odor or taste. And then any advice on how to properly dilute alcohol with water is already losing its relevance.

Indeed, experimental tests show that useful supplements over time, they lose their intensity, but unwanted odors do not go anywhere. Therefore, when breeding, it is better to refuse them.

Even the Internet is full of recipes on how to properly dilute alcohol, which advise mixing water with original product alcohol in equal proportions in different containers, after which it all needs to be mixed together. It's completely pointless. The great chemist D. I. Mendeleev said how to properly dilute alcohol with water: mixing occurs by adding alcohol to water, and not vice versa.

Otherwise, the molecular lattice of the first one will collapse and disintegrate into components. This can be clearly seen by the appearance of a characteristic white color of the liquid. It is the process of diluting alcohol with water described above that is correct. Other advice can be safely ignored.

Mixing ratio

To calculate the proportions when mixing, we need a regular calculator. First you need to know the following parameters:

• The strength of the initial alcohol;
• What volume of alcohol;
• Desired strength of the final drink.

If you need to dilute alcohol at home from 96% to the strength of vodka and you will drink the drink at home and there is no particular need to accurately maintain the proportions, then you can proceed as follows.

For example, there is a liter initial product. Its strength is 95 degrees. You need to get about a 40-degree drink to get vodka. After some thought, we come to the conclusion that it is necessary to reduce the fortress a little more than twice. Accordingly, we need a little more water than alcohol. Approximately this figure is 1300-1500 milliliters.

Variables mean:

• X- the desired volume of water;
• A- initial fortress;
• B– initial volume;
• C- the desired fortress.

By simple calculations, we expect that for the previous example we need to add exactly 1400 milliliters to dilute alcohol with water at home. In total, the final product will be 2.4 liters.

The third way is a little easier. Here he calculates, not how much water needs to be added, but what the final displacement will be. We should find out all the same data: the initial fortress, the final fortress and the initial volume. Now we divide the initial strength by the final (desired) and get the amount of drink that we will have after dilution.

Now we need the initial volume number. If you have a liter of alcohol, then everything is very simple - add water until you get 2.4 liters (in the case of vodka). If it is more, then first you need to multiply the initial displacement by the obtained value - that’s where you need to “catch up” with the volume. In formula form, it would look like this:

• X- the volume to which the amount of liquid must be brought
• A – initial amount revolutions;
• B- the desired number of revolutions;
• C- the number of liters of the initial volume.

Well, the simplest thing is to use a table. It can be found in any school textbook on chemistry. Also, this table is very widely represented on the Internet.

What to do with the received product?

Alcohol storage is important. It wouldn't be so relevant if:

1. Medical alcohol (and any other) did not evaporate;
2. No film formed on the surface of the alcohol acetic acid.

That is, the container must be filled to the brim, otherwise the air that remains in the empty volume will react with the hero of our article. As a result, partial decomposition and the formation of acetic acid, which in no way improves taste characteristics product. In addition, after filling the container, it must be closed with a ground stopper. If this is not done, then we are again threatened: the formation of acid and the evaporation of the product.

Now you need to insist alcohol. This is done so that it better dissolves water in itself and reduces the strength. On average, it takes from 4 days to a week. This process cannot be accelerated. Neither heating nor shaking will help. If you do not heed this advice, then you can get all the same decay of molecules and clouding of the drink.

Additives

Various flavors mixed into the product during infusion is one of the most controversial topics. It is better not to resort to their use, since certain chemical processes. And additives can affect them extremely negatively.

But, if you do not have time to wait and follow the advice on how to properly dilute alcohol, and then also spend time waiting for it to infuse on additives, then you can use them, but you should not expect High Quality final product.

As "safe" supplements, you can use:

• Glucose. Gives weak sweet taste. Put no more than 10-15 ml per 1 liter of the finished product;
• Honey. It turns out mead with all the consequences. It is better to use floral or linden honey. 30 ml per 1 liter of diluted alcohol;
• Milk. Only according to proven recipes. Taste and smell - for a rare lover;
• Spices. Strictly to taste.

Attention, only TODAY!