Minimum blood alcohol content. Permissible level of alcohol while driving in ppm

The fact that drunkenness and driving are incompatible has long been known. A huge percentage of accidents happen because motorists get behind the wheel after a large dose of alcohol.

Accordingly, in 2018, the punishment for drunk driving is considered one of the most severe:

• according to Article 12.8 of the Code of Administrative Offenses, part 1, the fine will be 30 thousand;
• suspension from the steering wheel for 18-24 months;
• sending the car to the impound.

It is worth noting that the deputies consider this measure of restraint not severe enough and propose to increase the fines to 100 thousand, or even up to all 500 thousand, with deprivation of rights for 5 years.

However, a natural question arises - is there an acceptable dose of alcohol? Suppose a person drank a glass of beer in the heat, rested for an hour and got behind the wheel - is this considered an overdose and a state of intoxication? In addition, it is known that such beloved drinks as kefir or kvass also contain approximately 0.5 degrees of alcohol, namely alcohol. And some people take various alcohol-containing medicines. But after all, if we drink kefir in the morning, our concentration of attention is not disturbed.

How is it determined that a person is drunk? What is the currently acceptable dose of alcohol in the blood and in the exhalation?

In 2013, the requirement was returned to the Code of Administrative Violations (Article 12.27), according to which the permitted alcohol content is:

• in the blood - 0.3 prom.;
• in exhaled air - 0.15, or 0.16, taking into account the error of the measuring device 0.02 prom.

Ppm is a dose of one thousandth, respectively, there should be no more than 3 grams of alcohol (alcohol) per liter of blood, and no more than 1.6 grams of alcohol vapor in the air.

Prior to the introduction of this amendment, the situation was really threatening for almost any driver, since they could be punished under the article “drunkenness and removal from the helm” for keeping more than 0.01 prom. However, even the most professional breathalyzer will not be able to show the exact content and the error is always present. Drivers had to prove that they really did not drink anything, and incorrect readings of the doses of the device were caused by an error.

Thus, without much fear, you can refresh yourself with cold kvass and kefir, without fear of thundering under the article “for drunkenness”.

Permitted doses of various drinks

If from time to time you like to skip a bottle of beer or a glass of vodka with friends, then you need to know how quickly the breakdown products of alcohol disappear from the body, depending on the dose you drink. There are special tables and calculators that can be used to determine when you can start driving and drive after drinking.

You can give some dose data for a physically healthy man weighing 75-85 kilograms:

• one hundred grams of vodka disappear completely after 5 hours, the concentration of 0.3 ppm is reached after about 3 hours;
• 50 grams - in half an hour or an hour;
• 200 grams of red wine - after 3 hours, you can drive after an hour and a half, when the concentration in ppm reaches 0.3 grams;
• white wine (200 gr.) disappears after two and a half hours;
• a liter of beer - after 4 hours;
• half a liter of beer - after two and a half hours, and you can drive about an hour and 45 minutes after drinking.

If you drank much more, then the weathering time increases, so if possible, give up driving.

You also need to give up the steering wheel after a fun night - if your head hurts in the morning, this is a clear sign of a large dose of unweathered alcohol. To quickly get rid of a hangover, drink coffee or mineral water, a hearty breakfast and physical activity help a lot. If you don’t have the strength to do something at all, then it’s better to stay at home and sleep well.

After drinking a small amount of beer, a driver's blood test can show the allowable alcohol limit. Alcohol abuse is a pressing problem in society. Many drivers after drinking alcoholic beverages feel free to drive. If a driver has indicators that are different from the permissible norm, the traffic police inspector has every right to detain.

How much can you drink while driving

Driving under the influence of alcohol is extremely dangerous. Ethyl alcohol has a destructive effect on the human body, disrupts vital processes. The driver, by simple calculations, can independently determine how much you can drink while driving and save yourself from punishment. Most beers contain 3-6% alcohol.

In a man weighing 75 kg, when drinking 100 g of beer, the alcohol content is 0.08 ppm (he received 0.08 g of alcohol per 1 kg of weight). This amount is 4 times less than the permissible norm of alcohol. The average man can consume no more than 400 grams of beer before driving. You can’t deceive your body: a bottle of beer shows the presence of alcohol above the norm. Ethyl alcohol neutralizes the liver, it does this at a rate of 0.1 ppm per hour for men and 0.085 for women. With a simple arithmetic trick, you can calculate when it will be completely neutralized.

What is the legal limit for alcohol

It is known that the permissible rate of alcohol is the amount per mille that can be contained in the blood of the driver or in the air exhaled by him. The numerical expression of this was shown as follows: 0.35 - the permissible content of alcohol in the blood, 0.16 - the permissible level of alcohol in the exhaled air. These indicators are determined using special devices. The allowable value is determined taking into account the possible error.

Permissible level of alcohol while driving in ppm

Assumes the permissible rate of alcohol while driving in ppm, the minimum amount of alcohol that does not cause deviations in the mental and physiological state. Driving a vehicle requires concentration, redistribution of attention, reaction speed, general stable emotional state and well-being. A drunk driver is a serious danger on the road. An indicator of 0.35 is an acceptable ppm rate that does not violate physiology and mental processes.

What is the legal limit for alcohol while driving?

Since 2013, the legal limit for alcohol while driving has been increased in the Russian Federation. This does not mean that the permitted ppm allow you to completely freely drive a vehicle while slightly intoxicated. The revision of the indicator (previously it corresponded to zero) is associated with the peculiarities of the digestion of certain foods and drinks, this list included:

• non-alcoholic beer;
• bread kvass;
• sweet yeast baked goods;
• fermented milk products (for example, kefir and yogurt);
• orange and other fruit juices;
• overripe bananas;
• chocolate.

This group includes drugs (for example, alcohol tinctures), tobacco products. After taking these products, drugs, a small amount of ethanol enters the bloodstream, which is easily determined by a breathalyzer. Many drivers have been fined just because of their culinary preferences. For this reason, the allowable standards have been revised.

What is ppm

To calculate fractions of a whole, it is not always convenient to use percentages, because sometimes there is a need to operate, for example, with thousandths. The physical meaning of 1 ppm is a tenth of a percent. A ppm is a small, precise unit of measure for evaluating impurities in liquids, in thousandths. When determining alcohol in the blood, 1% is a very large indicator, therefore, smaller units are used to determine the degree of intoxication.

How to count ppm

Any driver needs to be able to correctly count ppm, especially after drinking alcohol, even if the feast took place the day before. The rate of alcohol neutralization depends on the strength of the drink, its volume, human body weight, the amount of fluid in the body, gender, individual characteristics of the body, and the physiological state of the liver.

0.1 ppm corresponds to 0.045 mg of alcohol per 1 liter, this may seem like a negligible numerical value, but it accurately determines the degree of intoxication. Drivers do not take into account the time indicator of "weathering" of ethanol and get behind the wheel. A glass of beer 6% (200 ml) will be completely neutralized by a human body weighing 80 kg only after 1 hour 57 minutes. This is important to know for any person who plans to drive after drinking alcohol.

In the absence of ready-made tables at hand, we learn to solve a simple problem: “The mass of a man is 82 kg. He drank 50 ml of vodka, the strength of which is 40% and plans to drive. The proportion of water in the body of men is about 70%. How many ppm will the device for determining the degree of intoxication show?

1. We determine the mass of water using the proportion: 82 kg * 70%: 100% \u003d 57.4 kg.
2. We consider the amount of pure ethanol: 500 ml * 0.4 = 200 ml. In grams, this is 200 ml * 0.79 = 158 g (0.79 is the density of pure ethanol). 100% alcohol content 158 ​​g - 10% = 142.2 g.
3. 142.2/57.4 = 2.48. The indicator is far from the norm. It can mean deprivation of a driver's license and a trial.

Degrees of intoxication in ppm

Going on a trip while intoxicated is dangerous, because even the allowable amount of alcohol does not guarantee safety while driving. Three degrees of intoxication in ppm are generally accepted:

1. From 0.8 to 1.2 - corresponds to the initial stage, there is a violation of the perception of distance, the angle of side vision is distorted, when the headlights are switched to high beam, the effect of temporary blindness is pronounced.
2. From 1.3 to 2.4 - for a drunk person it is considered deep intoxication, the feeling of fear is dulled, attention is scattered, vision deteriorates, and the perception of reality changes.
3. From 4 to 5 - severe intoxication of the body occurs, breathing is disturbed, loss of consciousness occurs, coma may develop.

At how many ppm are deprived of rights

The law defines the figure 0.35 as the permissible dose of alcohol. It is designed for drivers who take alcohol-containing drugs, taking into account the error of the breathalyzer. When converted to specific alcoholic beverages (male, weight 80 kg, measured in an hour), this is:

• 50 g of vodka;
• 200 g dry red wine;
• 500 g of beer.

For traffic police officers, a driver with an indicator of 0.2 is considered sober. In case of initial detention and detection of an excess of the permissible norm, an administrative penalty (fine) is imposed, a ban on driving a vehicle for up to 2 years is introduced. They deprive the rights for 3 years, impose a fine of 50,000 rubles in the event of a repeated determination of exceeding the permissible norm for a drunk driver.

At the time of detention, the violator's alcohol content is determined. Produced exhalation into the breathalyzer provides such an opportunity. The inspector must draw up a protocol and record the established fact. According to the results of a medical examination, the driver may be threatened with the seizure of the vehicle, its temporary confiscation, deprivation of rights.

Permissible blood alcohol level in different countries

The legal blood alcohol limit is defined differently in different countries:

• in Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, a driver is still considered sober only at a zero mark;
• Albania allows 0.1;
• in Ukraine, Norway, Sweden, Estonia, Poland, the permissible minimum is 0.2;
• Russia, Moldova - 0.3;
• Lithuania - 0.4;
• Belarus, Turkey, Italy, Spain, Germany, France, Greece consider a driver sober at an indicator of 0.5;
• 0.8 allow UK, Luxembourg, Malta, Ireland.

Video: How much ppm is allowed while driving

A person who dares to drive a few hours after drinking strong alcohol is a danger to himself, other road users and pedestrians. It is for this reason that traffic police officers have the right to force any driver suspected of drinking alcohol while driving or immediately before driving a car to undergo a test for ethyl alcohol content in exhaled air or blood. If it turns out that the allowed limit of alcohol while driving has been exceeded, you can count on a fairly long-term deprivation of a driver's license.

Not only alcohol

Until 09/01/2013, according to the law (Article 12.8 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation), drivers could be punished even for the content of 0.01 ppm of alcohol in the exhaled air. Today, according to the new law (amendment to Article 12.8 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation), this figure is 0.16 ppm, and this is already the optimal solution.

The fact is that a certain dose of alcohol in the blood and air accumulates in the human body during metabolic processes, as well as within a few hours due to the use of certain products and means:

• dairy products;
• kvass;
• carbonated drinks;
• overripe citrus and other fruits;
• jam or jam with an exceeded shelf life;
• alcohol herbal tinctures;
• some medicines.

If any of the above is in the driver’s stomach, after some period the permissible norm of alcohol in the blood will be exceeded - slightly, but the breathalyzer will show this. It was in order to reduce the unfair decisions of the traffic police, leading to unjustified punishments, that an amendment was adopted that abolished the so-called “zero ppm”. And that is why today it is possible to enjoy kvass or kefir without fear of exceeding the ethanol content in the blood.

Permissible Quantity

The unit per mille is a value that defines a person, which is an indicator of how much alcohol is contained in a driver's blood sample. You can drive, as indicated above, with a volume of no more than 0.16 ppm in exhaled air and no more than 0.35 ppm in blood. This indicator means: the maximum allowed dose was drunk, after which it is already assumed that the breathalyzer will fairly fix the violation. Knowing the specific permitted amount per mille, each person can roughly calculate how much alcohol he can drink in order to drive without the danger of getting a fine and deprivation of rights, and also after what time the intoxicated drink will disappear from the body.

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Many things must be taken into account when calculating:

• drunk dose;
• regularity of alcohol intake;
• age, weight and gender of the driver;
• the presence or absence of comorbidities;
• normal course of metabolism.

For example, from the body of a middle-aged man weighing no more than 75 kg, a bottle of beer of a standard volume will be excreted in 1 hour to an indicator of 0.21 ppm, and completely - within 3 hours. If for a man weighing at least 100 kg after 100 grams of vodka you can recover within 3 hours, his “drinking companion” weighing 60 kg will be able to drive a vehicle only after 5-6 hours, otherwise he risks running into a pleasant pastime to fines and even disqualification. In general, if you need to drive in the morning, in the evening (no later than 21:00) you can afford no more than a mug of beer, a glass of wine or a shot of vodka. After such volumes, the next day, the breathalyzer will not record that the permitted dose has been exceeded.

In order to drive in the morning without the danger of getting caught by the traffic police and “earning” deprivation of rights, in the evening men can drink no more than 25 ml of vodka, 240 ml of wine, and 50 ml of red dessert wine. For women, the allowed norm is vodka - 20-21 ml, beer - 200 ml, wine - 40 ml. Only after such doses the breathalyzer will not be a threat. At the same time, it is important not only how much a person drank a few hours before driving, but also how he rested during the night (approximately from 21:00 to 07:00). Symptoms such as headache, attention disorder, dizziness, nausea and weakness serve as a warning, and in the case of a “catch” of a drinking person by the traffic police and proof of one simple fact: problems are sure to follow alcohol while driving.

Penalties

For staying after alcohol abuse while driving a car, the driver is prosecuted under Art. 12.8 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. If the breathalyzer detects more than 0.37 in the blood, and more than 0.16 ppm in the exhaled air, the violator can receive a fine of up to 30,000 rubles and deprivation of a driver's license for up to 2 years - provided that the incident occurred for the first time.

A “recidivist” who decides to drive drunk again can safely count on a fine of up to 50,000 rubles and deprivation of the right to drive a vehicle for 3 years. Additionally, a driver who was “caught” by a breathalyzer at the crime scene with a large dose (from 0.16 to 0.21 ppm) of ethanol in the blood has every chance of getting a prison term of 15 days.

A driver caught drinking while driving and refusing to determine by a medical examination how much ethyl alcohol is in his body faces a fine (30,000 rubles) and deprivation of a license (for 2 years).

Data on some norms

The amount of alcohol allowed while driving is 0.37 ppm in blood or 0.16 in exhaled air. How many and what drinks will be drunk to achieve the maximum result, individually in each case. For example, the so-called non-alcoholic beer raises the alcohol level to 0.21 ppm, and you don’t have to wait several hours to reduce the indicator - the breathalyzer will demonstrate the normal level of ethanol in the blood and air in just 15-21 minutes.

It is important to remember that modern devices for measuring how much alcohol a person has drunk before driving a vehicle are very accurate. They are almost impossible to deceive, they catch serious alcohol that has not had time to disappear a few hours before the test, and low-alcohol drinks that have just been taken. The modern breathalyzer is accurate and inexorable, on its "authoritative opinion" the fine and deprivation of the rights of unreasonable drivers caught with a hangover or drinking alcohol at the wheel is based.

The amendment to repeal the "zero ppm" law was great news for people who do not shy away from drinking, but are forced to limit themselves due to the need to drive a car. The new law does not prohibit driving a person who has drunk kvass or non-alcoholic beer, as well as more serious alcohol, provided that a certain period has passed since its adoption. And what the law does not prohibit, it allows - driving with an ethyl alcohol content in the body of up to 0.16 ppm (0.21 - if you do not get into the traffic police).

To drink or not to drink while driving is a question that always sounds relevant. How it is allowed, how much per mille is allowed according to the norms of the new law in 2019 - is described in the article.

In Latin, ppm literally means “per thousand”. It is one thousandth or one tenth of a percent.

This unit is designated "‰" and serves, among other things, to determine the amount of alcohol in the composition:

• blood;
• urine;
• vapors exhaled by humans.

The ratio between milligram per liter and ppm is 0.45.

1 ‰ = 0.45 mg/l.

How to measure it

Two methods are common:

1. When the presence of alcohol in the air mass exhaled by a person into a special tube is determined.
2. When blood alcohol content is detected. A driver suspected of drinking alcohol is sent to a medical facility where blood is taken from a vein.

In both cases, breathalyzers are used with a small error of 0.05 ‰.

The new legislative norms are drawn up taking into account the permissible error that may arise:

• when taking alcohol-containing products;
• due to the presence of endogenous alcohol in the body.

On a note! Endogenous alcohol is the presence of ethanol (monohydric alcohol) inside a person. Fermentation is constantly taking place in the gastrointestinal tract. With the help of microbes, sugar breaks down, resulting in the formation of alcohol. It is absorbed by the mucous membrane and enters the liver with blood. At the same time, the concentration of alcohol is quite high. It is 0.04-0.15 ml per 100 ml. This is facilitated mainly by fermented milk products and bacterial fermentation products.

Method 2 gives the greatest objectivity. It is he who is the source of the information entered into the protocol, which later serves as an evidence base.

What is the norm

According to Art. 12.8 of the Code of Administrative Offenses, before driving a vehicle, during driving and after an accident, you can not take substances that contribute to intoxication.

At the same time, administrative responsibility threatens a person with a concentration of ethyl alcohol per 1 liter of gases exhaled by him, exceeding the permissible error. Its value is expressed as 0.16 mg, which is 0.356 ‰. For comparison, in 2013 it was 0.01 mg.

In the amount of alcohol, this is expressed as follows: 33 g per average weight of a male representative, equal to 80 kg. The calculation can be made independently using the online calculator:

In Russia in 2015, the number of accidents committed by drivers while intoxicated increased sharply. Legislators, trying to reduce the number of "alcoholic accidents", on the one hand, are tightening the responsibility for drunk drivers, on the other hand, they are improving legislation in the field of determining the level of alcohol in the blood.

Let us tell you in more detail what threatens drunk drivers, what is the permissible rate of alcohol while driving in ppm in 2019 in Russia. Is 0.16 mg/l alcohol in exhaled air and 0.35 ppm the same thing?

The task of legislators is to exclude situations when drivers who have drunk kvass, non-alcoholic beer or other drinks with a minimum alcohol content fall under the deprivation of their rights. The experience of the period from 2010 to 2013, when the driver had to exhale absolute zero per mille, showed the actual impossibility of complying with such a norm.

How many ppm is allowed in 2019 in Russia?

Let us turn to the law: the established indicators are contained in Art. 12.8 of the Code of Administrative Offenses, or rather, in a note to it. In particular, it states that liability under this article occurs if the driver is found to have alcohol at a concentration of 0.3 grams per liter of blood or 0.16 milligrams per liter of exhaled air.

What is ppm?

Promille is a unit of measure that characterizes the concentration of alcohols in physiological media. The indicator is 1/1000 of a number and is indicated by the symbol ‰ (that is, 1/10 percent). 1 ppm = 1 gram of pure alcohol per liter of blood.

The permissible rate of alcohol driving in ppm in 2019 in Russia is:

• 0.356 ppm - on exhalation (0.16 mg / l),
• 0.3 ppm - in the blood.

This provision was introduced by Law No. 62-FZ “On Amendments to Article 12.8 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation”, signed on April 3 and entered into force on July 3, 2018. The note now fixes the allowable rate of ethanol not only in the exhaled air, but also in the blood.

The innovation was introduced taking into account the total errors. In other words, this is not permission to drink some alcohol and drive, but protection for those citizens who may lose their rights by mistake.

The error is often due to a malfunction of the measuring instruments: the determination of the concentration "by blood" is much more accurate than "by air".

In addition, ethanol can appear in the body not only in those who abuse alcohol:

• alcohol can be produced endogenously in humans in the presence of certain disorders and diseases (for example, with yeast infections of the gastrointestinal tract);
• ethanol is also included in some medicines, drinks and food products (chocolate candies, kefir, koumiss, non-alcoholic beer, kvass, natural fruit juices, sauerkraut, rye bread, etc.).

Liability for drunk driving

The permissible per mille of alcohol is an important indicator, since it affects the qualification of the offense committed. Recall that drivers who have sat behind the wheel while intoxicated can be held administratively or even criminally liable. In the first case, according to Art. 12.8, art. 12.26 of the Code of Administrative Offenses, in the second - according to 264 and 264.1 of the Criminal Code.

The law is harsh on drunk drivers, you can almost always lose your license, the terms and measures differ:

• when driving while intoxicated, the violator “shines” a fine of 30 thousand rubles;
• the same amount will be fined if the control was transferred to a drunk person, the driver refused to be examined;
• if such a driver does not have a license, an administrative arrest lasting 10-15 days is added to the fine.
• for a repeated violation or for a repeated refusal of a medical examination, liability arises under the Criminal Code: a fine of 200-300,000 rubles, up to 480 hours of corrective work, up to 2 years of forced labor, deprivation of rights for 3 years.
• if an accident at the same time caused someone's death, you can go to jail for 2-9 years.

How did the allowable ppm change in Russia?

Responsibility for drunk driving was first introduced in the USSR, in 1956. In 1974, the Union ratified the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic, according to which the alcohol content should not exceed 0.8 ppm. In 1988, by decree of the Ministry of Health, the norm was set at 0.2 ppm. In 2003, the allowable rate was raised to 0.5, and later reduced to 0.3, along with the adoption of a new Code of Administrative Offenses in 2008.

Accordingly, until 2010, the values ​​close to those accepted now were in force in the Russian Federation. Recall that previously 0.15 mg / l was allowed, and now it is 0.16 mg / l.

In the most stringent years, 2010-2013, this proportion was 0, with the detection of 0.01 mg of ethanol, one could lose the rights.

What about in other countries?

Let us turn to the experience of other states. The permissible rate per mille behind the wheel in 2019 for drivers of Belarus is 0.3. The value was fixed by a resolution of the Council of Ministers of August 2, 2011, and before that it was higher - 0.5 ppm. If driving at this concentration results in an accident, the ethanol content will act as an aggravating circumstance.

There are states where prohibition generally applies, which also applies to drivers. This is the situation in the United Arab Emirates, Brunei. Surprisingly, some countries of tolerant Europe adhere to the same rules: the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Romania, Hungary.

How much per mille is allowed while driving in 2019 in Europe, the USA and a number of others: table

Things are quite strict in the Baltic States and some of its neighbors: up to 0.2 ‰ is allowed in Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, Norway, and Sweden. In Asia, China follows the same rule. The Germans approached the issue in an interesting way: young and inexperienced drivers are allowed 0 ‰, the rest - up to 0.5. In some European countries, the permitted rate sometimes reaches 0.8 ppm.