What is orbit gum made of? Chewing gum: benefit or harm

Chewing gum has harmoniously entered the daily use of people on all continents, despite widespread rumors about its harm to human health. What caused such popularity? The commercials focus on the beneficial properties of chewing gum for teeth, but whether this is so can only be understood by analyzing the composition of the product and the effect of individual chewing gum components on the human body.

Composition of chewing gum

The birthplace of the first rubber chewing gum, patented in 1869 by W. Semple, is America. However, archaeological finds show that similar product used in ancient Greece and the Middle East, only the basis of chewing gum was not rubber, but the resin of mastic trees. Such chewing gum was sold in America, being the forerunner of modern chewing gum.

Then small pieces of pine resin were mixed with beeswax and sold in portions. Perhaps then the harm of chewing gum was invisible to those who actively used it. Without synthetic polymers, flavor enhancers, preservatives, dyes, flavors, she was much more harmless than her contemporaries.

Over the years, the range of chewing gum components has evolved to meet consumer needs and to remain competitive. So, in 1880, its composition was enriched with corn syrup and peppermint, and in 1898, Dr. E. Beeman tries to increase sales by adding pepsin powder and positioning chewing gum on the market as a remedy for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. intestinal tract.

However, there was no mention of the harmfulness of chewing gum. The version of its usefulness for teeth appeared in 1899 thanks to W. Canning, and has remained a favorite in terms of promoting trade to this day. However, the composition of the chewing gum confirms the opposite.

The threat of harm exists for both the teeth and the gastrointestinal tract. To neutralize its negative impact, it is really only knowing how much you can chew gum, what time of the day is most suitable for this.

Components

The basis of chewing gum is rubber, latex and other synthetic polymers. They make up 60% of the volume finished product. The negative impact of polymers on the human body has not been identified.

Glycerin (E422) - has the ability to draw water from tissues, so products with the addition of glycerin are contraindicated in people with diseases of the kidneys, cardiovascular system. The opinion that there is very little glycerin in chewing gum is true, but do not forget that it is contained in many other products: bread, sweets, cookies, marshmallows, cakes and even dairy products.

With the daily consumption of many glycerin-containing products, you can cause significant harm to health.

Butylhydroxyanisole (E320) is an antioxidant, preservative, antioxidant. The additive has been tested on animals, and the carcinogenic effect of the product was observed in large quantities. There are no such data for humans. In some cases, it acts either as an anti-cancer agent, or as a cancer-causing agent.

Citric acid (E330) - does not have a negative effect on the human body, and only large quantities, getting on the mucous membranes and skin, can cause burns. But in chewing gum, the amount of additive is not dangerous.

Emulsifier (E322) is produced on the basis of egg yolk. This supplement cannot cause serious harm to the body, but people with a tendency to allergic reactions should avoid products containing lecithin (E322).

Sweeteners:

1. Aspartame is a sweetener that doctors recommend completely eliminating from the diet. Regular intake of aspartame causes allergies, headache, sleep disturbances, depressed mental state. Aspartame cannot be washed out of the mouth with saliva, so the sweetish taste in the mouth causes a constant feeling of thirst. Phenylalanine, being a component of aspartame, disrupts chemical processes in the brain, affects the functioning of the nervous system and the human hormonal background.
2. Xylitol (E697), maltitol (E695) are relatively safe food supplements, but can cause gastrointestinal disorders.
3. Sorbitol (E420) - an emulsifier, sweetener, widely used in the manufacture of products for patients diabetes. However, it cannot be called safe for human health, since long-term use of sorbitol-containing products leads to visual impairment, diabetic retinopathy, gastrointestinal disorders and flatulence. Sorbitol is prohibited for use in food production baby food, and in the USA it is classified as an additive dangerous to human health.

Titanium dioxide (E171) is used as the most commonly used coloring agent for white chewing gum. On the one hand, there is no information about the dangers of this substance. But it is worth doubting its safety, since during experiments on rats, inhalation of titanium dioxide powder caused the development of cancer. In addition to it, a vegetable dye (E120) is used, which is an allergen.

This is an abbreviated list of chewing gum components that are used in production to give it more attractive qualities: ductility, better extensibility for inflating bubbles and a unique taste. But with a complex effect on the body, they can give a number of negative manifestations.

Consequences of long-term use

The harm of chewing gum, brought both by its components and by the process of continuous chewing, is as follows:

IN kindergarten or at home, the child can go to bed without taking the gum out of his mouth. Its entry into the respiratory organs can lead to suffocation or consequences incompatible with life.

The disadvantages of chewing gum, neutralizing the usefulness of its use, include:

1. Short-term odor improvement effect oral cavity lasting only a few minutes.
2. Aggravation from chewing gum of short-term memory and manifestation of absent-mindedness.
3. The negative impact of the constant use of chewing gum during the day on the condition of nails, hair, skin.
4. Along with the strengthening of the maxillofacial apparatus, an abnormal bite in a child caused by chewing can form, loosen the teeth.

Video: chewing gum harm, composition - shock!

Rules for use and an alternative to chewing gum

Despite the harm from chewing gum, if you don’t have a toothbrush on hand, its use is acceptable. And even then it is worth adhering to the rules for using chewing gum:

• Chewing gum is not in between meals, but only strictly before meals or immediately after eating.
• Chewing gum can be chewed for no more than 5 minutes. Then the additional production of saliva and gastric juice will not harm the body.
• Do not swallow chewing gum after neutralizing its taste, do not throw it on the street in an unsuitable place for this.
• Choose chewing gum with a neutral color, taste and smell.

If possible, replace the use of chewing gum with more natural products, causing a similar effect:

1. Chewing marmalade which is easy to make at home.
2. Coffee beans that, when chewed, will permanently eliminate bad smell in the mouth to kill bacteria.
3. Mint and parsley leaves can dull the feeling of hunger, freshen breath and saturate the body with useful vitamins.

When using chewing gum, it is important to remember that everything must be in moderation. If possible, replace chewing gum with more natural products that can vitaminize the body, neutralize bacteria and refresh the oral cavity.

Chewing gum- culinary product, which consists of an inedible elastic base and various flavoring and aromatic additives.

In the process of use, chewing gum practically does not decrease in volume, but all the fillers gradually dissolve, after which the base becomes tasteless and is usually thrown away. Many types of chewing gum can be blown into bubbles as entertainment, which in English-speaking countries has given it another name Bubble Gum (that is, something like "bubble gum").

background

The prototypes of modern chewing gum can be found in any part of the world. It is known that even the ancient Greeks chewed the resin of the mastic tree to freshen their breath and clean their teeth from food debris. For this, beeswax was also used. The Mayan tribes used hardened hevea juice - rubber - as chewing gum. In the North of America, the Indians chewed the resin of coniferous trees, which they evaporated over a fire. In Siberia, the so-called Siberian tar was used, which not only brushed teeth, but also strengthened the gums, and also treated various diseases. In India and Southeast Asia, a mixture of pepper betel leaves, areca palm seeds and lime became the prototype of modern chewing gum (more details in article Bethel). This composition not only disinfected the oral cavity, but was also considered an aphrodisiac. In some Asian countries, it is still chewed. In Europe, the first prerequisites for the use of chewing gum appeared in the 16th century, when sailors brought tobacco from India. Gradually, the habit spread further to the United States. This went on for three hundred years, as all attempts to replace chewing tobacco with wax, paraffin, or other substances were unsuccessful. The world's first chewing gum factory was founded in Bangor, Maine, USA. Since then, the history of chewing gum has developed at a rapid pace. Until that time, the production of chewing gum was not an independent industry, and chewing gum itself was not a commercially distributed part of consumer goods. Thanks to the assembly line, chewing gum became a commodity, and the fashion for chewing gum spread from America to all over the world.

First experiences.

1848 John Curtis establishes industrial production of chewing gum. There are only four boilers in his factory. In one of the coniferous resins, impurities were evaporated, in the rest, a mass was prepared for products with the addition of light flavorings. The first chewing gums were called "White Mountain", "Sugar Cream" and "Lulu's Licorice".

1850s. Production is expanding. Curtis is now helped by his brother. Chewing gum is cut into cubes. The first paper wrapper appears. Chewing gum is sold for a cent for two. The brothers' Curtis Chewing Gum Company is building a new factory in Portland. More than 200 people are employed in production. The range of products is expanding. There are chewing gums "Four in Hand", "American Flag", "Pine Highway", "Yanke Pine", etc. 1860s. The Curtis brothers' products never made it outside of Maine. Unsightly appearance and poor cleaning (even chewing gum came across pine needles) scared off buyers. The outbreak of the Civil War completely forced the curtailment of production. 1869 Renowned New York photographer Thomas Adams purchases a large shipment of rubber from Mexican General Antonio de Santa Anna. After unsuccessful experiments in vulcanization, in artisanal conditions, he produces chewing gum like the Mexican chicle. Chewing gum is wrapped in bright multicolored candy wrappers and sold in several stores.

Patented chewing gum

1870s. Thomas Adams builds a chewing gum factory. Sales rise to 100 thousand pieces per year. The first chewing gum flavored with licorice appears, which has its own name - Black Jack.

1871. Thomas Adams receives the first patent for a chewing gum machine. Adams' New York Gum sells for 5 cents each (a dollar a box). To many apothecaries, Adams is giving away the first batches free of charge on the condition that they display samples in their display cases. 1880s. William J. White, also known as P. T. Barnum (from the English barn - granary) creates Yucatan chewing gum by mixing rubber with cereal syrup and adding peppermint. John Colgan for the first time adds flavorings and sugar before combining it with rubber mass. This allows the finished chewing gum to retain its flavor and aroma much longer. The patent for this invention was subsequently purchased by William Wrigley, the founder of the Wrigley Company. Popularizing chewing gum among girls, entrepreneur Jonathan Primley creates the brand Kiss me! 1888 The Adams factory invents Tutti-Frutti, a fruit-flavoured chewing gum that becomes extremely popular in America.

1871. Apothecary John Colgan of Louisville, USA, mistakenly received 1,500 pounds (680.39 kg) of rubber instead of 100 pounds (45.36 kg) he ordered. He founded Colgan's Taffy Tolu Chewing Gum.

1888 The first chewing gum vending machines appeared. They belonged to the Adams Tutti-Frutti company and were located at train stations in New York.

A woman buys chewing gum on a Tokyo street.

1891 A new player enters the market - Wrigley, which succeeds in a short time oust the Adams factory. William Wrigley, a soap maker, notes that Americans prefer not his main product, but Lotta and Vassar chewing gums, which were offered "in the appendage". A resourceful entrepreneur quickly reorients production.

1893 At the Wrigley Factory

start producing mint

chewing gum

Spearmint and fruity

1899 Franklin W. Canning, manager of a New York City pharmacy, introduces for the first time a special chewing gum to the market, which, according to advertising, "prevents tooth decay and freshens breath." She gets the name Dentyne. Its distinguishing feature is its unique pink color.

As a result of the merger of Adams Gum (T. Adams Jr.), Yucatan Gum (W. White), Beeman's Gum (E. Beeman), Kiss-Me Gum (J. Primpi) and S. T. Britten (S. Britten), American Chicle. Modern chewing gum

1914 The emergence of the brand Wrigley Doublemint

1919 William Wrigley Jr. achieved astronomical growth of his business in an unconventional way - he sent a piece of gum to all Americans whose addresses were in the phone book.

Sign on the International Casino Building, Manhattan's Times Square Times Square, New York.

The Wrigley building in Chicago.

Two girls look at signs at Piccadilly Circus that include an advertisement for Wrigley gum.

1928 Twenty-three-year-old accountant Walter Diemer

developed the ideal chewing gum formula that is still followed today: 20% rubber, 60% sugar (or its substitutes), 19% corn syrup and 1% flavoring. A feature of this chewing gum is much greater elasticity. Diemer called his chewing gum Dubble Bubble because bubbles could be blown out of it. The chewing gum changed color to pink, which especially attracted children.

From an interview with Walter Diemer in 1996: It happened quite by accident. I didn’t know what I was doing, but I ended up doing it incomprehensibly with bubbles ... In the same year, the Thomas Brothers Candy Company was founded, a feature of which was an unusual location: in an old poison factory in Memphis (Tennessee). 1930s. William Wrigley comes up with a new marketing ploy. Baseball champs and comic book inserts that used to be sold with cigarettes are being sold with chewing gum. Pictures were produced in limited editions, so they became a collector's item.

Inserts from chewing gums Turbo

1930s. William Wrigley comes up with a new marketing ploy. Baseball champs and comic book inserts that used to be sold with cigarettes are being sold with chewing gum. The pictures were produced in limited editions, so they became the subject of

collectibles.

Gum pictures are starting to catch on. The most famous series of the late 30s - early 40s: G-Men, Horror "s of War, Mickey Mouse, Wild We>

Columbia University professor Hollingworth publishes scientific work"Psychodynamics of chewing", in which he proves that chewing affects the reduction of muscle tension and helps to relax, relieving stress. Chewing gum is included in soldier's ration(one piece of chewing gum is included in the daily diet).

1933 Inserts for chewing gum are produced on thick cardboard.

An unusual "charcoal chewing gum" appears on sale, which is advertised on packages of Mounds and other candies of the Peter Paul company.

1939 By decision of the Commission on Nutrition, Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics, chewing gum is included in the classification of food products. Manufacturers were relieved of the need to sign all the ingredients on the packaging. Wrigley opens a factory in New Zealand.

1944 Wrigley's Orbit brand enters the market. Chewing gum is produced specifically for American soldiers. Dubble Bubble releases chewing gum with two new flavors - grape and apple

and over time even with this:]

1954 The Dubble Bubble Company organizes the first television bubble gum competition.

1956 The Bowman Company merges with Topps Chewing Gum. murol Confections Company launches Blammo sugar-free soft chewing gum. Coolmint Gum with a penguin on the package from the Lotte Company enters the market. Chewing gum begins to produce Kent Gida. The presidential campaign uses chewing gum for advertising and political purposes. It comes in the form of cigars and encourages voters to vote for certain candidates. 1962 The Guinness Book of Records has named the world's most overgrown gum chewer. She became Mary Francis Stubbs, who at that time was 106 years old. 1964 The Tijuana Brass orchestra is recording music for the Teaberry Gum advertising campaign. The composition makes the orchestra famous. Wrigley's first Freedent chewing gums hit the market.

1962 The Guinness Book of Records has named the world's most overgrown gum chewer. She became Mary Francis Stubbs, who at that time was 106 years old.

1964 The Tijuana Brass orchestra is recording music for the Teaberry Gum advertising campaign. The composition makes the orchestra famous.

Wrigley's first Freedent chewing gums hit the market.

Modern chewing gum consists primarily of a chewing base (mainly synthetic polymers), to which components are sometimes added derived from the sap of the Sapodilla tree or from the resin of coniferous trees.

Experts recommend using chewing gum only immediately after meals and no more than five minutes a day. Otherwise, it promotes the release of empty stomach gastric juice, which can contribute to the development of stomach ulcers and gastritis. However, after eating, in people suffering from heartburn, chewing gum helps relieve its symptoms. The secreted saliva, which has an alkaline reaction, is swallowed. The acidic contents of the lower third of the esophagus are neutralized. At the same time, a constant supply of saliva ensures the clearance of the lower third of the esophagus.

Some soluble components of chewing gum are unfavorable for the body if they enter it in large quantities. For example,

sorbitol, a widely used sugar substitute in

chewing gum, laxative

action, which manufacturers warn about on the packaging

With weakness of the dental ligament, with periodontal disease

gum can contribute to tooth loss.

Another myth about chewing gum is that chewing gum can cause a filling to fall out. Correctly placed fillings do not fall out from chewing gum. If the filling fell out, this indicates either a poorly installed filling, or ongoing caries.

or tooth decay. However, there is a danger to the jaw joints.

Interesting Facts

The biggest chewing gum bubble ever

recorded in July 1994 at the ABC television studio in New York. It was inflated by Susan Mantgomery from the USA, the diameter of the bubble was 58.5 centimeters (this is more than the size in the shoulders of an adult man of average build).

The damage caused by chewing gum to the street exterior when it hits sidewalks, house walls, benches, etc. is called gumfitti. Scientists around the world have been struggling for many years to create chemicals that would dissolve chewing gum without harming the environment. For harmless disposal, they come up with very unusual methods. So, in the city of San Luis Obispo (California) for forty years there has been a wall on which everyone can stick their chewing gum. This is a local attraction. The wall is covered with rubber in several layers. In German Bosholt, tree branches are used for the same purpose.

I will add more

Chewing gum made of resin and pine needles

The origin of chewing gum has a long history. Even the ancient Greeks and Mayans chewed resin and viscous tree sap to tune in to meditation. Later, settlers from Europe adopted this tradition from the Indians, and began to chew pine resin and beeswax, including for the prevention of throat diseases.

The first attempt at industrial production of the prototype of modern pine resin chewing gum can be considered a small business of John B. Curtis of Maine. It was organized in 1848. Resin chewing gum was not very popular because it was difficult to remove unwanted impurities from pine resin at that time, and not many people knew about the existence of a new product.

Resin chewing gum was not very popular because it was difficult to remove unwanted impurities from pine resin at that time.

December 28, 1869 is considered to be the birthday of modern chewing gum. William F. Semple, an Ohio dentist, received a patent for chewing gum. The patent was vague about the creation of "a certain combination of rubber with other substances, in different proportions, suitable for making chewing gum."

Sample didn't make gum to sell. He was more interested in the process of invention and improvement. He probably did not believe in the possibility of the success of his invention on the market - the unsuccessful experience of his predecessors did not inspire.

Gum instead of bike tires

In the same 1869, an inventor and photographer from New York - Thomas Adams - purchased a ton of Mexican rubber from the former President and General of Mexico, Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, for the production of rubber.

He was going to make toys, bicycle tires and shoes, but he noticed that some Mexicans were chewing the raw material for rubber - chicle. Adams decided to brew a small batch of rubber gum in his kitchen. The resulting substance was quite chewable.

Two similar inventions by two different people. The first came up and forgot, the second decided to try his luck.

Thomas Adams exhibited a trial batch of the new product in several local stores. Customers appreciated the product, and soon Thomas Adams' business took off. In 1871, Adams designed and patented a machine for the automatic production of chewing gum. In addition, he added licorice extract to the base to improve the taste and smell and, as a result, increase sales.

Thomas Adams called the world's first flavored chewing gum Black Jack. It had the shape of an even oblong stick. Adams' New York Gum sold for 5 cents each (a dollar a box). To many apothecaries, Adams distributed the first batches free of charge on the condition that they display samples in their display cases.

In 1888, Adams' "Tutti-Frutti" chewing gum vending machines appeared in the United States. They were placed at electric train stations in crowded New York.

Soapmaker produces chewing gum

For a time, Adams had a monopoly on chewing gum. But progress does not stand still, and a successful product that is in demand is difficult to keep in one hand. Already at the beginning of the twentieth century, a fairly large number of chewing gum manufacturers entered the market and began to compete for consumer attention. Among the manufacturing companies, Wrigley's, known to this day, occupied a special place.

This transnational corporation was founded in 1891 under very unexpected circumstances. Successful soap salesman William Wrigley once noticed that customers came to his store not only for the soap, but also for the two sticks of Lotta and Vassar chewing gum that came with the purchase.

Wrigley realized that this circumstance could be used to expand business areas. So from a seller of soap, he retrained into a manufacturer of chewing gum - Wrigley.

Chewing gum for free and let no one leave offended

In 1893, the factory began producing Spearmint mint chewing gum and Juicy Fruit. William Wrigley became a real innovator in the chewing gum market. He changed the traditional form, dividing the usual bars into five separate plates. The plates were wrapped in waxed paper so that they would not stick to each other.

Advertisements for Wrigley products began to appear on the sides of streetcars and omnibuses. Girls (prototypes of modern promoters) handed out chewing gum for free on the streets of megacities to attract the attention of buyers and taste a new product.

A stick of chewing gum was given to every immigrant who entered the United States through Ellis Island.

Wrigley Corporation developed at a galloping pace in the United States, and soon entered the world market. In 1910, the company built its first out-of-state plant in Canada. In 1915, a factory was built in Australia. Wrigley did not skimp on advertising companies that followed one after the other.

To popularize chewing gum among children, the book "Mother Goose" was published with poems and colorful illustrations. For promotional purposes, sticks of chewing gum were sent to all New Yorkers whose names were listed in the city's telephone directory.

Later, a stick of chewing gum was given to every immigrant who entered the United States through Ellis Island. As a result, William Wrigley's chewing gum became a symbol of America.

To date, Wrigley has entered the markets of more than 180 countries around the world. The corporation includes 15 factories around the world. Wrigley is one of the largest confectionery manufacturers in the world.

and chewing gum - one of the symbols of America and the cherished dream of the Soviet child - was patented exactly 140 years ago. The dentist who copyrighted the gum claimed that his mixture of rubber, chalk, and charcoal was good for teeth, and one piece could last weeks or months. Now doctors are not so clear about the benefits of "bubble gum".

Chewing gum (chewing gum) is a special culinary product that consists of an inedible elastic base and various flavoring and aromatic additives. In the process of use, chewing gum practically does not decrease in volume, but all the fillers gradually dissolve, after which the base becomes tasteless and is usually thrown away. Bubble gum can be blown out of many types of gum as entertainment, which in English-speaking countries has given it another name Bubble Gum (that is, something like "bubble rubber").

Ancestors of chewing man

The history of chewing gum goes back centuries. The very first chewing gum dates back to the Stone Age, VII-II millennia BC. In 2007, during excavations in Finland, a 5,000-year-old piece of resin was found with imprints of human teeth.

It is known that even the ancient Greeks chewed the resin of the mastic tree to freshen their breath. The Mayan Indians used the congealed sap of the sapodilla tree to clean their teeth and freshen their breath. They called this chewy mixture “chicle”. Much later, it served as the basis for the industrial production of chewing gum.

Generation G

The fashion for chewing gum in the world appeared after the Second World War. American military personnel, whose ration included chewing gum, introduced this product to the inhabitants of Asia, Africa and Europe. Gum began to be produced in Japan, Germany, Great Britain, France and other countries.

Chewing gum in the Soviet Union for a long time was not produced, and the Soviet analogues that appeared in the 1970s were inferior to foreign ones in terms of elasticity and packaging design.

"Imported chewing gum" was a kind of cult object among Soviet children and teenagers. Wrappers and inserts from her were collected, exchanged for various trifles, played or argued for them.

Undeniable benefit...

There is a lot of controversy about the benefits and harms of chewing gum. Gum manufacturers prove the usefulness of their product. First of all, it is an opportunity to clean the teeth and oral cavity from food debris after eating, freshness of breath.

Chinese astronauts even brush their teeth with special chewing gum, not being able to use an ordinary toothbrush in space. And during the years of prohibition in the United States, in bars that illegally sold alcohol, chewing gum was handed out to visitors to drown out the smell of alcohol.

In addition to mechanical cleaning of the oral cavity, thanks to sweeteners (sorbitol, xylitol) in modern chewing gum, the acid-base balance is restored.

Interesting

The whitening properties of chewing gum are greatly exaggerated, chewing gum is completely unable to remove plaque: it is too tenacious for it. A small exception is chewing gum with hard granules in its composition, which can slightly “scratch” the surface of the tooth. However, no gum can replace a full-fledged brushing with toothpaste.

In addition, chewing gum is used by airplane passengers to avoid problems with stuffy ears. And recently, scientists said that chewing gum without sugar "burns" kilograms.

...and undoubted harm

These and other arguments are counterbalanced by the fact that if chewed too often, chewing gum has a negative effect on tooth enamel. In addition, excessive chewing contributes to the development of gastritis, since when a person chews, gastric juice is released, which irritates the gastric mucosa.

Last year, British doctors said that excessive use of gum can even lead to indigestion with serious consequences.

From constant chewing, the temporomandibular joint, the one that connects the temporal bone and the lower jaw, can suffer. If this joint is inflamed, chewing is not recommended.

sticky trash

Used chewing gum causes the most indisputable harm to city streets, public transport, etc. Thus, about 3 kg of old chewing gum is collected daily at the New York Central Station. IN English language there is even a special term for chewing gum on walls and sidewalks - gumfitti.

Not surprisingly, in Singapore, for example, chewing gum is illegal.

"Gum Alley" "Gum Alley"

Illegal

But gum, regardless of brand or taste, has never been a product that everyone likes. In the 1970s, some American physicians considered it harmful, because, in their opinion, it "was exhausting the salivary glands and could lead to sticking internal organs". In the 1950s and 1960s, orthodontists forbade it to patients with corrective braces on their teeth due to the fact that it was considered impossible to clean it with a toothbrush. The ban on chewing gum then extended to American schools. But the most famous case of chewing gum being illegal is the ban on its import and sale in Singapore, introduced by Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong in 1992. The punishment for illegal distribution is a large fine and even imprisonment for up to two years. Thus, the authorities of the southeastern state, known for its impeccable cleanliness, wanted to rid sidewalks, buildings and public transport of black spots left by chewing gum. However, in the battle between money and purity, the former won. In 2004, thanks to a free trade agreement between the United States and Singapore, the ban was lifted. However, now in Singapore only chewing gum with medicinal properties (anti-nicotine) is allowed for sale, and when buying it, an identity card is still required.

The economic side of the cleanliness of the streets are also concerned in Europe. The current fine in Barcelona of 450 euros for chewing gum thrown in a public place does not save: about 1,800 stains from it are wiped off by city services daily, spending 100,000 euros per year on this. In November 2010, the Spanish government decided that the local chewing gum was too sticky and decided to change its composition - the use of a polymer used in the creation of plastics and in the cosmetics industry is being considered. In the UK, chewing gum with similar properties appeared in March 2010. Chicza, imported by the British from Mexico, not only does not stick to the floor, but is also biodegradable.

Website materials used: http://liveinukraine.livejournal.com

It is difficult to find a person in the modern civilized world who has no idea about chewing gum. People have always chewed something, only for different purposes. In ancient times, teeth were cleaned in this way, chewing muscles were developed, and nerves were calmed. As chewing gum, our ancestors most often used birch resin. Only at the end of the XIX century. began to chew natural rubber, adding various substances to it to improve the taste.

In 1928, the first commercially successful chewing gum, Dubble Bubble, was released. After that, the composition of the gum is constantly changing, new substances are added to improve the taste, color, smell. Rubber is a natural polymer derived from latex that makes up the elastic base of chewing gum. It is also used for the manufacture of rubber, shoes, glue.

What is chewing gum made of?

The basis of modern chewing gum is rubber. Also, various flavors, dyes and sweeteners are added to it.

1. Latex - the basis of chewing gum, is considered harmless.
2. Flavorings (natural or identical to them, capable of causing allergies).
3. Dyes (all kinds of E are far from harmless substances, many of them have a carcinogenic property).
4. Sweeteners (sugar promotes tooth decay, aspartame can cause headaches and nausea, sorbitol and xylitol are known laxatives).

Is there any benefit?

Undoubtedly, chewing gum must have some positive properties, otherwise its distribution and use is pointless. And she has such advantages. Firstly, chewing gum still helps to clean the teeth, which is loudly shouted by advertising. Chewing after a meal improves the condition of the mouth, the consistency of the gum helps food residues stick to it, and thus they are removed. Secondly, during chewing, saliva is actively produced - a natural tooth cleaner. The refreshing effect of chewing gum is undeniable, however, it has a short-term effect, masking (if any), and not eliminating the cause. The act of chewing itself has been proven to be soothing, no matter what. Chewing gum has a suitable consistency and properties, does not change in volume over time and does not dissolve, so you can chew it for a long time and measuredly, putting your nerves in order. True, the long-term result of the action of such an anti-stress is difficult to track.

Is chewing gum a pest?

In addition to positive properties, chewing gum and its improper use has a number of negative properties. During chewing, the saliva released, which has an alkaline reaction, inevitably enters the stomach, reducing its acidity. In response to this, the production of an additional amount of gastric juice, the basis of which is hydrochloric acid, begins. If this happens on an empty stomach, problems cannot be avoided, because the aggressive action of the acid is directed primarily to the walls of the stomach itself. The constant irritating effect of gastric juice contributes to the development of gastritis and. The next point that should be noted is the harm of constant stimulation of the salivary glands, in which at first a lot of saliva is released, and then its deficiency develops. This phenomenon can contribute to the development of xerostomia - pathological dryness of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity. , breakage of prostheses and braces, overload of the periodontal tissues in periodontal diseases - this can also be facilitated by prolonged chewing of gum. The composition of the gum includes various preservatives, dyes, flavors, stabilizers and thickeners, all of which enter the body and have their far from positive effects.

Chewing and brain function

Many have known since childhood that eating and reading are things that are difficult to combine, either food or information is not absorbed. Chewing gum not only soothes, but also slows down brain activity, reducing attention, not allowing to concentrate. Although someone may disagree with these statements, this is already a personal matter for everyone.

Culture and gum

Eating should take place in places designated for this. In today's fast-moving and accelerating world, we do everything quickly, on the go. Having a snack during a trip to the subway, on the street, in the car, a person does not think about how much this corresponds to culture and etiquette. As a continuation of the meal - chewing gum, dragging on for a long time. People are constantly in a hurry, experiencing stress, chewing gum in such a situation helps to calm down, only such a habit has nothing to do with culture. A well-mannered person respects other people and is unlikely to chew during a conversation, in a theater or on a TV screen. Self-confidence will not increase in any way with the help of chewing gum, although many believe the opposite and actively demonstrate this.

Rules for using chewing gum

Chewing gum should be used immediately after eating and no more than 10-15 minutes.

• Chewing gum should only be used for oral hygiene after eating, when it is not possible to brush your teeth.
• You need to chew while the gum has a taste (about 5-10 minutes). This time is enough to remove the remnants of food from the oral cavity.
• Do not use chewing gum on an empty stomach or in case of chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Buy high-quality chewing gums, avoiding products from third world countries.
• Do not use chewing gum for chronic gum disease, multiple fillings in the oral cavity, pathological abrasion of teeth.

Popular Representatives

chewing gum trademark Orbit from Wrigley have a wide range of different flavors and are very popular, produced since 1944. The same company produces chewing gum such as Hubba Bubba, Juicy Fruit, Eclipse, Extra, Big Red. Dirol chewing gum has been known since 1968 and was the first sugar-free gum. In Russia, it appeared only in the early 90s. Chewing gums are produced in the form of dragees or plates, with liquid filler or as part of lollipops, for every taste and color.

Xylitol

In 1988, the European Dental Association recommended chewing gum with xylitol after each meal as a preventative measure. Xylitol (E-967) is a sugar substitute that is poorly absorbed by the body. It does not ferment, plaque bacteria cannot use it as food, which explains it. Xylitol acts as a laxative, the maximum allowable daily dose is about 30 g.

To chew or not to chew?

The fashion for chewing gum in our country appeared in the 90s. of the last century and steadily entrenched among young people. To chew or not - it is up to each individual to decide for himself. It is worth remembering the rules for using chewing gum and avoid too long and frequent use of it. As a hygiene product, chewing gum is recommended by dentists, but only as a means of cleaning teeth after meals for short-term use. In children, the use of chewing gum is recommended in cases where it is not possible to brush their teeth. It is worth thinking about what substances will enter the baby's body at the time of chewing gum, and weigh the appropriateness of its use at an early age, before contributing to the formation of a bad chewing habit in a child.

Composition of chewing gum Orbit:

§ sorbitol E420, maltitol E965, rubber base, thickener E414, stabilizer E422, natural, nature identical and artificial flavors, mannitol E421, emulsifier soy lecithin, dye E171, sweeteners aspartame E951, acesulfame-K E950, sodium bicarbonate E500ii, glaze E903, antioxidant E320.

Composition of chewing gum Dirol:

§ isomalt, sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, maltitol syrup, aspartame, acesulfame-K, rubber base, calcium carbonate 4%, natural flavors: mint, menthol, idencin natural vanillin, artificial refreshing, thickener E414, stabilizer E422, hydrogenated rapeseed oil, emulsifier E322, color E171, glazing agent E903, antioxidant E321, texturizer E341iii.

What are chewing gum made of anyway?

1. Latex is the basis of chewing gum. So far, it is considered harmless. However, full studies have not been conducted.

2. Flavors, natural and identical. They are not always harmless, because they are often obtained by chemical means (synthesis). Sanitary regulations allow this.

3. Dyes. If you meet E171 on the packaging, you should know that this is the so-called titanium white. Previously, in Russia they were banned in food products, but now the ban does not work (money decides a lot). This dye causes liver and kidney disease. Stimorol gum contains E-131 dye, which promotes the formation of cancer cells.

4. Sweeteners. They are different:

§ Sugar. It has long been proven that the longer its contact with the teeth, the higher the risk of caries. And here, chewing gum simply has no competitors.
§ Acesulfame-K. In its structure, it is similar to saccharin and contributes to the development of tumors, at least in laboratory animals. safe dose: 1 g per day.
§ Aspartame. Causes headache, dizziness and nausea. When the temperature of aspartame exceeds 30 C, wood alcohol in it turns into formaldehyde, and then into formic acid, which in turn causes metabolic acidosis (acid imbalance in the body). Earlier in the USA it was banned, but then for some reason they reconsidered the decision (money again decides a lot). Safe dose: 3 g per day.
§ Sorbitol and xylitol. More than one pack of gum a day can laxative effect. Since it is xylitol gum in advertising that is recommended to be consumed as often as possible, “diarrhea can take you by surprise.” Safe dose of xylitol: 40 g per day.

And besides, absolutely any chewing gum stimulates the secretion of gastric juice. Chewing on an empty stomach can lead to gastritis and ulcers. The acid secreted by the body corrodes the lining of the stomach.
In general, there is undoubtedly more harm from chewing gums than good, because chewing gums have a weak hygienic efficiency compared to, for example, toothbrushes.
We recommend chewing this gum for no more than 3-5 minutes and only after eating.”

Coca Cola

Here are some quotes from the official website of Coca-Cola in Russia (www.cocacola.ru):

§ “More than 162 million liters of Coca-Cola and 84 million liters of the Company's other beverages are consumed worldwide every day.”

§ “Coca-Cola was recognized as the “People's Brand” in 2002 according to the results of a survey of the Russian population. This is a nationwide recognition of Russians for the Coca-Cola drink.”

§ “Should soft drinks be part of a healthy diet? Yes, definitely. Soft drinks are made up primarily of water and are therefore capable of quenching thirst and satisfying the body's physiological need for fluid (about two liters daily). In addition, sugar-sweetened soft drinks contain carbohydrates and therefore quickly provide the body with energy.”

We drink:

After 10 minutes.
10 teaspoons of sugar will hit your system (this is the daily recommended amount).
You don't want to vomit because phosphoric acid inhibits the action of sugar.

In 20 minutes.
There will be a jump in insulin in the blood. The liver converts all sugar into fats.

In 40 minutes.
Caffeine absorption is complete. Your pupils will dilate.
Blood pressure will increase because the liver releases more sugar into the blood.
Adenosine receptors are blocked, thereby preventing drowsiness.

After 45 minutes.
Your body will increase production of the dopamine hormone, which stimulates the pleasure center of the brain.
Heroin has the same principle of action.

After an hour.
Phosphoric acid binds calcium, magnesium, and zinc in your intestines, boosting your metabolism.
Increased excretion of calcium through the urine.

More than an hour later.
Diuretic action comes into play.
Calcium, magnesium and zinc, which are in your bones, are excreted, as well as sodium, electrolyte and water.

More than an hour and a half later.
You become irritable or lethargic. All water contained in Coca-Cola is excreted through urine.

The active ingredient in Coca-Cola is phosphoric acid. Its pH is 2.8. To transport Coca-Cola concentrate, the truck must be equipped with special containers designed for highly corrosive materials.

1. Aqua carbonated - carbonated water.
The presence of carbon dioxide in water stimulates gastric secretion, increases the acidity of gastric juice and provokes flatulence - profuse gas. In addition, not spring water is used, but tap water, passed through special filters.

2. E952 (Cyclamic Acid and Na, K, Ca salts,
Cyclamic acid and its sodium, potassium and calcium salts). Sugar substitute. Cyclamate is a synthetic chemical that tastes 200 times sweeter than sugar and is used as an artificial sweetener. It has been banned from use in human food because it is a carcinogen that causes cancer. In 1969, by order of the Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA), it is prohibited for use in the United States, because. like saccharin and aspartame, it has been shown to cause bladder cancer in rats. Banned in Canada the same year. Banned in Japan, South Korea and Singapore in 1975. Banned for use in the beverage industry in Indonesia. In 1979, the World Health Organization rehabilitated cyclamates, recognizing them as harmless.

* Safe dose: 0.8 g per day.

3. E150d (Caramel IV - Ammonia-sulphite process, dye)
- burnt sugar, obtained by processing sugar at certain temperatures, with or without the addition of chemical reagents. IN this case add ammonium sulfate.

4. E950 (Acesulfame Potassium, acesulfame potassium)
- 200 times sweeter than sucrose. Contains methyl ester, which impairs performance of cardio-vascular system, and asparogenic acid, which has a stimulating effect on nervous system and may, over time, become addictive. Acesulfame is poorly soluble. Products with this sweetener are not recommended for children, pregnant and lactating women.

* Safe dose: 1 g per day.

5. E951 (Aspartame)
- sweetener for diabetics. Chemically unstable: when the temperature rises, it decomposes into methanol and phenylalanine. methanol ( methyl alcohol) is very dangerous: 5-10 ml can lead to death of the optic nerve and irreversible blindness, 30 ml can lead to death. In warm soda and aspartame is transformed into formaldehyde, which is the strongest carcinogen. Documented cases of aspartame poisoning: loss of touch, headaches, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, palpitations, weight gain, irritability, anxiety, memory loss, blurred vision, rashes, seizures, loss of vision, joint pain, depression, spasms, diseases of the reproductive organs, hearing loss. Also, aspartame can provoke the following diseases: brain tumor, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, Graves' disease, chronic fatigue, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, diabetes, mental retardation and tuberculosis.

* Safe dose: 3 g per day.

6. E338 (Orthophosphoric Acid, phosphoric acid) - chemical formula:H3
PO4
. Fire and explosion hazard. Causes irritation to eyes and skin. Application: for the production of phosphate salts of ammonium, sodium, calcium, manganese and aluminum, as well as for organic synthesis, in the production of activated carbon and film, for the production of refractories, refractory binders, ceramics, glass, fertilizers, synthetic detergents, in medicine, metalworking for cleaning and polishing metals, textile for the production of fabrics with flame retardant impregnation, oil, match industry. Food phosphoric acid is used in the production of carbonated water and to obtain salts (powders for making cookies). Prevents the absorption of calcium and iron in the body, which can lead to weakening of bone tissue, osteoporosis. Other side effects: thirst, skin rash.

7. E330 (Citric Acid, citric acid) - colorless crystals.
Widely distributed in nature. Citric acid is obtained from shag and the fermentation of carbohydrates (sugar, molasses). Used in the pharmaceutical and food industries. salt citric acid(citrates) are used in food industry industry, as acids, preservatives, stabilizers, in medicine - for preserving blood.

8. Aromas - no one knows what aromatic additives

9. E211 (Sodium Benzoate, sodium benzoate)
- expectorant, food preservative. Benzoic acid (E210), sodium benzoate (E211) and potassium benzoate (E212) are introduced into some food products as a bactericidal and antifungal agent. These products include jams, fruit juices, marinades and fruit yoghurts. Not recommended for asthmatics and people sensitive to aspirin. In a recent study by Peter Piper, professor of molecular biology and biotechnology at the University of Sheffield (England), found that this compound causes significant damage to DNA. Sodium benzoate, which is the active ingredient in the preservatives used in most sodas, doesn't destroy parts of the DNA, Piper says, but it deactivates them. This can lead to cirrhosis of the liver and degenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease.

Interesting facts and rumors about Coca-Cola:

§ In a number of US states, the traffic police always have about 10 liters of Coke in their patrol car to wash blood off the highway after an accident. [hearing]

§ If you leave a small piece of sausage overnight in a bottle of Coca-Cola or Fanta; in the morning the sausage will dissolve! [verified]

§ Coca-Cola is used to clean sewers, rusty bolts and stains from the chrome bumper of a car, batteries and an engine in a car, electric kettles from scale. [verified]

§ To remove stains from clothes, pour a can of Coca-Cola on dirty clothes, add washing powder and wash in the machine as usual.

§ In some Asian countries, farmers use Coca-Cola to kill pests. it is cheaper than chemicals, and the effect is the same. [from the news]

Gum is a common product, loved and used by people of all ages. It seems to be a technological innovation. In fact, chewing gum has an interesting, centuries-old history.

History of chewing gum

People have long used the gifts of nature for various purposes, knowing their useful and harmful properties. Minerals and insects were used. Plant roots have been useful for oral hygiene.

Maya Indians used ancient chewing gum, it was a substance made from rubber juice - chicle. There is evidence that people in northern Europe used birch resin to relieve toothache. The Aztecs had norms of behavior associated with this remedy. Unmarried women and children were allowed to chew whenever they wanted, married women and widows at home, and men were ordered to hide.

People have known about the product since antiquity. Inhabitants North America adopted this useful experience from the Indians.

Important! Chewing gum in its usual form appeared in 1848. September 23 is officially recognized as her birthday.

At this time, the Curtis brothers came up with the idea of ​​​​mixing pine resin with beeswax and selling this invention. The chewing gum was a good success. This allowed to increase production volumes in 1850. Then paraffin flavors were added to the composition, and 4 brands of chewing gums were produced.

In 1869, dentist William Semple patented chewing gum made from rubber. Its members included: charcoal, chalk, fragrances. He assured that chewing gum has properties that are useful for teeth and is durable. Due to unclear circumstances, the product did not pass to mass production.

According to legend, in 1869, a general who fled from Mexico met the inventor Thomas Adams and sold chicle (rubber). He failed to create a substitute for rubber. Then the inventor boiled rubber and made chewing gum, which was quickly sold out in local shops.

He then introduced licorice flavoring. Black Jack was born, the first flavored chewing gum. In 1871, Adams received a patent for an apparatus for mass production of a product. In 1888, Tutti Frutti appeared. Pharmacist John Colgan suggested adding flavoring to the mixture before adding sugar. Now the smell and taste stayed longer.

The seller, William Wrigley, noticed that the gum was in demand by buyers and decided to improve the manufacturing method. In 1892 they produced "Wrigley's Spearmint", a year later - "Wrigley's Juicy Fruit". These types of chewing gum hold the first lines of world sales even now. Wrigley came up with the idea to add mint, powdered sugar and other flavors, to produce gum in different shapes.

Important! In 1928, Walter Diemer invented chewing gum. interesting property, which makes it easy to inflate bubbles: "bubble gum".

The researcher improved the product of Frank Flir, which was not in demand. Chewing gum really liked the children as entertainment. Competitions were held among her fans. In 1994, they set a world record: a bubble of 30.8 cm was inflated. Then they did not think about the benefits, properties or dangers of chewing gum.

After 1945, thanks to the soldiers, the whole world learned about it. In the USSR, there were only Soviet analogues that did not have pleasant properties, in ugly packaging. In the 1990s, candy wrappers from foreign chewing gum were collected and used for games.

Composition of chewing gum

Chewing gum contains:

• base: rubber or other synthetic polymers - 20-30%;
• food sugar or sweeteners - 60%;
• flavor enhancers;
• stabilizers (more often - glycerin);
• aroma enhancers;
• emulsifiers (based on egg yolk);
• dyes;
• thickener E414;
• lemon acid;
• titanium dioxide (provides a snow-white color);
• preservative (antioxidant).

It has changed a lot compared to the ancient chewing gum. These are the main components. The content of the listed substances in popular types gum:

Is chewing gum good?

You might think that its properties are extremely harmful. It is actively promoted in the media positive influence chewing gum for teeth.

Active salivation

Microbial colonies form on the teeth within 2 hours after brushing. They process the remnants of food, while forming acids that destroy the enamel. The result is caries. During chewing, saliva is reflexively released, which has a slightly alkaline ph and contains mineral components. The properties of chewing gum really strengthen tooth enamel, neutralize the environment, but not due to its composition.

Intestinal motility and secretion are reflexively activated. A person recovers faster after an operation on the intestines and moves on to everyday food thanks to chewing gum.

Cleansing the mouth and teeth

Important! Teeth after chewing gum become cleaner. Having a viscous consistency, it attaches to itself the remnants of food, contributing to cleansing, but not in all cases.

The teeth have a pronounced anatomy - deep pits, may be crowded. Then food and plaque clog in there. But according to dentists, the benefits of the properties of chewing gum after eating are.

Jaw strengthening

You can use chewing gum as an unusual simulator. This is a useful property. When chewing, the load on the teeth and their ligaments falls, then on the jawbone and muscles. This useful property helps to develop the maxillofacial skeleton in children.

Helps to calm down

chewing gum has pleasant taste and cooling effect. It does not lose consistency, volume, does not dissolve, not only freshens breath, but helps to calm down, the effect of the action itself is scientifically proven. Useful properties chewing gum is enough. But there is also harm from it.

How bad is chewing gum

A product that is useful in composition can be harmful, not to mention chewing gum.

The emergence of addiction

People deal with stress in different ways. Someone smokes, eats, someone uses chewing gum. There are studies confirming the emergence of dependence on it.

Breakage of prostheses and loss of fillings

According to studies, there have been cases of unpleasant consequences due to chewing gum, but they are rare. If you have all the teeth, the filling is made correctly, from high-quality material, then it (or the prosthesis) will last a long time. But they can absorb dyes and flavors from chewing gum, which reduces the life of the structure. Gum is not recommended for people with braces or plates to align their teeth. When chewing, structural elements may bend, the briquette will peel off or the product will stick to them, which will worsen oral hygiene. This will harm, make it difficult to heal.

poison effect

To determine the presence of this property in chewing gum, you need to study the composition in detail. The basis is synthetic polymers. Effects on the body have not been identified.

Glycerin (E422) draws water out of tissues. There is little of it in chewing gum, but it is used in the composition of frequently consumed products: bread, confectionery.

Sugar does not cause tooth decay, but is a breeding ground for bacteria. Some use sweeteners - sorbitol. This substance is a laxative. Aspartame can cause headaches, allergies. Xylitol and maltitol in chewing gum are relatively safe to consume.

Fragrances, both natural and synthetic, can cause allergies. Flavor enhancers in long-term chewing harm the taste buds. Plain healthy food seems to be unpleasant long-term use rubber bands.

The dyes contained in chewing gum are carcinogenic. Carcinogenicity - the ability to cause cellular mutations. So far, there has not been a single case of cancer or other neoplasm due to chewing gum.

Harm of chewing gum for children

Attention! There is a risk of asphyxia (suffocation) in a dream, if accidentally swallowed. All muscles are relaxed, and chewing gum can accidentally enter the larynx when taking a deep breath.

Children are very curious, they can give each other food to try. There is a risk of transmission from one child to another through saliva. He can become infected himself if he leaves a gum somewhere or drops it, and then chews it.

Do not give chewing gum to a child instead of food. This is harm. Saliva and gastric juice containing hydrochloric acid are reflexively secreted. Since the food does not enter the stomach, the acid will begin to act on its mucous membrane, causing gastritis. This disease causes problems with digestion and absorption of useful nutrients from food, which is especially bad for a growing child's body.

Facial asymmetry

Warning! There is a possibility of facial asymmetry in children and adolescents who often use chewing gum during periods of changing teeth and active jaw growth.

With frequent and prolonged chewing, especially on one side, there is an overload of the muscles and their excessive development, which is negative for the growth of the jaws. They may be underdeveloped or overdeveloped. One half may be larger or longer than the other. These are the pronounced effects of excessive and prolonged use of chewing gum, which are harmful.

Hence the problems with bite: crowding, improper closing of teeth, maxillofacial pathologies, especially in combination with bad habits(bite pen, pencil, fingernails). Their signs and consequences: problems with the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), changes in the profile and configuration of the face, even problems with posture. But the benefits of chewing gum for a person are not just advertising.

How to chew gum without harm to health

It will not replace brushing and toothpaste. You can use chewing gum after eating no more than 10 minutes. Rinse your mouth first to avoid harm to your teeth. The properties of chewing gum after eating can be used for weight loss, as they stimulate the secretion of gastric juice, and food is better absorbed. There is an elastic band designed specifically for weight loss.

You can not replace chewing gum with a full meal. It will do harm. There are alternative options for replacing chewing gum that are more beneficial.

What can replace chewing gum

Advice! To kill bad breath, you can chew a mint leaf, coffee beans, cardamom, ginger root, parsley.

You can use mints, dragees, mouth sprays, hygienic rinses. The question of their properties and harm to the child is decided after consultation with the doctor. For healthy snack yogurt, dried fruits, fresh fruits are suitable. For the development of the chewing apparatus of the child will be useful solid foods: carrots, apples.

Culture and chewing gum

In the 1990s, chewing anywhere and everywhere was fashionable in Russia. But no one likes an interlocutor who does this during a conversation or in a theater. It's uncivilized. Active life makes you snack on the go, but everything should be in place, you can not abuse chewing gum.

How to make chewing gum at home

Children love chewing gum. To avoid harm, you can learn how to cook a healthy product at home.

Advice! You can make treats from your favorite foods.

Recipe for chewing gum, useful for children of all ages:

• choose the juice of your choice, add sugar and heat;
• add to gelatin, mix and strain through a sieve;
• pour the mixture into molds and leave in the refrigerator for 6-8 hours.

Chewing candy is ready. It will resemble marmalade, have both a pleasant taste and useful properties.

Making chewing gum from fruits or berries:

• peel products, cut;
• pour boiling water, cook for 20 minutes over low heat;
• when everything is boiled, drain the compote, add sugar and gelatin (dissolved in water);
• you can use molds or put the gum in a container for solidification;
• refrigerate for a few hours.

Useful chewing gum is ready. You can take a snack with you.

Treat recipe for older kids. Chewing gum based on Gum base, which is purchased in the store and via the Internet.

• 1 st. l. heat the gum base in a water bath, stirring occasionally;
• pour liquid honey or syrup - 1 tsp;
• mix;
• add to the mixture 1 tsp. flavoring, 1/2 tsp. spoons of powdered sugar, dye (optional);
• sprinkle a table or cutting board with powdered sugar;
• lay out hot chewing gum;
• during cooling and after you need to roll it in powder;
• form a sausage, cut into pieces.

The taste and properties of the finished chewing gum will turn out to be similar to the purchased one. When dyes and flavors are added, only the absence of a bright wrapper will distinguish them.

Conclusion

The benefits and harms of chewing gum is a difficult question, but subject to simple rules its use will be beneficial. She masks problems. First of all, proper care with the help of chewing gum properties for the oral cavity will help maintain the beauty of a smile and health for many years.

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