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Often this symptom of a threatened abortion goes unnoticed by the expectant mother, which leads to more serious consequences.

Have you ever played sports? Did you lift weights? Clench your hand into a fist with all your might. Look at the muscles of the arm: they have increased, they have become clearly contoured, thickened - they have come into tone. Just as the activation of skeletal muscles occurs, the muscles of the uterus (myometrium) also come into tone. The only difference is that the processes of tension-relaxation of the muscles of the arms, legs, and back are subject to your desires, since their work is controlled by the central nervous system. With the uterus, things are more complicated, nothing depends on your will.

The uterus is in good shape: symptoms

What symptoms can tell us about uterine tone? This is primarily a pulling, monotonous, prolonged pain in the lower abdomen, without a clear localization. “Somewhere below, like during menstruation,” patients often say. The pain can be given to the lumbar region, sacrum, perineum. In the second and third trimesters, putting your hands on your stomach, future mom independently determines a dense uterus with clear contours. Often there may be bloody discharge from the genital tract. It is important to remember that any non-light discharge - beige, brown, pink, streaked with blood, scarlet, plentiful, spotting - is regarded as bloody. They are dangerous during pregnancy and require immediate medical attention.

Diagnosis: uterine hypertonicity

The uterus of a woman is a hollow muscular organ located in the middle part of the pelvic cavity. Like any smooth muscle tissue, myometrium has inherent properties - excitability, tone, stretching, plasticity and elasticity. Normally, during pregnancy, the uterus should be relaxed. It is in this case that favorable conditions are created for the attachment of the fetal egg, the formation of the placenta. In the uterus, the fetus grows and develops, extrafetal structures are formed - the placenta, amniotic fluid, umbilical cord, membranes.

For a number of reasons, the myometrium can come into tone - the muscle thickens, becomes dense. During the examination of a woman on a chair in the first trimester of pregnancy, an obstetrician-gynecologist very clearly determines the increased tone with her hands. The thickening of the uterine wall is seen during the study and the doctor conducting ultrasound diagnostics. At the same time, in conclusion, he usually refers to the problem with the following terms: “myometrial tone is increased” or “myometrial hypertonicity”.

Consequences of hypertonicity

Every expectant mother should understand that, no matter how the tone is determined - at the appointment when examined by an obstetrician-gynecologist, by her alone or during an ultrasound examination, this is a threat of termination of pregnancy. The tone of the uterus requires close attention of both the woman and the doctor leading the pregnancy.

The tone of the myometrium in the first trimester leads to detachment of the fetal egg, chorion (this is the name of the future placenta) and, as a result, a spontaneous miscarriage occurs. Often, abortion does not occur, but due to the large area of detachment, the pregnancy freezes, stops in its development due to malnutrition and oxygen delivery. In this case, often a woman is not bothered by blood discharge, only periodic pulling pains in the lower abdomen appear. And with a screening ultrasound at 11–13 weeks, it turns out that the pregnancy is not developing, frozen for a period of 6–7 weeks, a large retrochorial hematoma is visualized (accumulation of blood when the fetal egg detaches from the chorion, the precursor of the placenta).

In the 2nd and 3rd trimester, myometrial tone rarely leads to placental abruption, only if it is abnormally located (low placentation) or if the placenta overlaps the area of the internal os.

But there is another danger. The uterus compresses the fetal bladder with the baby and amniotic fluid, which after 20 weeks is already quite a lot (600–1500 ml at full term). Increased pressure on the lower segment, the internal pharynx. The fetal bladder under the action of tone begins to work like a wedge, the cervix opens and premature birth occurs. It happens that amniotic fluid departs with a preserved cervix. But the result is the same - termination of pregnancy.

Causes of hypertonicity

There are many reasons for the appearance of uterine tone during pregnancy. It is rare to single out one, more often they are combined: stress, lack of sleep, hard physical labor, long hours of work, sports, air travel, long distance travel, sexual life up to 12 weeks of pregnancy, colds. An important role is played by bad habits - smoking, alcoholism, but there are other factors that lead to increased uterine tone.

infections. First of all, these are sexually transmitted infections: chlamydia, mycoplasmas, ureaplasmas, viruses, etc. They cause inflammation of the pelvic organs, including in the uterus. The synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines is enhanced - these are biologically active substances that provide an inflammatory response in the body and adversely affect the course of pregnancy and fetal development. These include interleukins, interferon, which increase the tone of the myometrium. In addition, in this case, there is a high probability of intrauterine infection of the baby.

Hormonal disbalance. Progesterone deficiency is an equally rare cause of increased myometrial tone. Progesterone is especially important in the first trimester of pregnancy. It relaxes the myometrium, contributes to the normal processes of implantation and the formation of the placenta. In the first trimester, this hormone is synthesized by the corpus luteum of the ovary, with insufficient progesterone function, little is produced, and pregnancy proceeds against the background of uterine hypertonicity, which leads to the threat of termination of pregnancy. By 16 weeks, the synthesis of hormones takes over the placenta, and the risk of miscarriage decreases.

In addition to progesterone deficiency, there are a number of hormonal disorders, due to which pregnancy occurs with the threat of termination: hyperandrogenism (increased levels of male sex hormones), hyperprolactinemia (increased levels of the hormone prolactin in the blood), thyroid pathology - hyper- or hypothyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis.

At-risk groups. After surgical interventions in the uterus (abortions, diagnostic manipulations), childbirth complicated by an inflammatory process, adhesions can form - intrauterine synechia. In such cases, pregnancy proceeds against the background of increased uterine tone, with the threat of interruption, with blood discharge.

endometriosis, fibroids(especially such an arrangement of the tumor, when it protrudes into the uterine cavity, deforming it), - all these are the circumstances that accompany an increase in the tone of the myometrium during pregnancy.
In women with disorders in the hemostasis system (a complex of body reactions aimed at preventing and stopping bleeding), with changes in the parameters of the blood coagulation or anticoagulation systems, the presence of antibodies to cell phospholipids, pregnancy proceeds with increased uterine tone, starting from the shortest terms.

Multiple pregnancy, pregnancy, complicated by polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios, often takes place against the background of uterine tone and is complicated by premature birth.

In patients with chronic diseases, with severe somatic pathology (for example, bronchial asthma, diabetes), who have had colds, viral diseases during the current pregnancy, very often there is a uterine tone.

How to treat uterine hypertonicity

The tone, of course, must be removed, the uterus must be relaxed, otherwise this condition may result in a spontaneous miscarriage.

If the expectant mother is not included in any of the risk groups, she is in good health, this is the first pregnancy that occurred without any problems and has been proceeding safely up to the present moment, there was no blood discharge from the genital tract during the entire period of gestation, but with this woman is concerned about slight pulling pains in the lower abdomen and, according to the doctor, the tone of the uterus is increased or the uterus is excitable on palpation - outpatient treatment can be carried out, but with the obligatory observance of bed rest. Therefore, it is important to remember that there can be no talk of any work, even routine, around the house!

In this case, antispasmodics are prescribed (NO-ShPA in tablets, SUPPLIES WITH PAPAVERINE), vitamins, MAGNE B6, sedatives (VALERIAN, MOTHERWORT), it is possible to prescribe gestagenic drugs - DUFASTON, UTROZHESTAN. Dosages and treatment regimens are prescribed individually for each patient by a doctor.

If the expectant mother at home or at work felt the characteristic pulling pains in the lower abdomen, and there is no way to contact the attending doctor, you need to drink NO-ShPU at a dosage of 0.04-0.08 g, you can administer a PAPVERINE CANDLE rectally and take 2 VALERIAN tablets .

If the expectant mother is at risk, there are bloody discharge, contractions
various pains in the lower abdomen - immediate hospitalization is necessary. The treatment carried out in the hospital will depend on the duration of pregnancy and the clinical picture.

In the 1st trimester, intramuscular injections of PAPAVERIN, NO-SHPY, PROGESTERONE, vitamins, sedatives (sedatives), UTROZHESTAN or DUFASTON are usually prescribed. These drugs have a different mechanism of action, but the result of their administration is the same - relaxation of the uterine muscles. In the case of bleeding, it is mandatory to prescribe hemostatic (hemostatic) drugs - SODIUM ETAMSYLATE, DICYNONE, TRANEXAM.

After 16 weeks, the arsenal of drugs to reduce the tone of the uterus expands, and at the same time, there is no need to use hormonal drugs. At this time, they usually begin to be gradually canceled, in the absence of indications for a longer reception.

Additionally, physiotherapy can be prescribed to help relax the uterine muscles. These methods include:

Endonasal galvanization - application with therapeutic purpose continuous direct current of low power and low voltage, supplied to the body by contact, through electrodes.

Electrophoresis with magnesia - exposure to the body with direct current and particles of a medicinal substance - magnesia sulfate, introduced through the skin or mucous membranes with its help.

Electroanalgesia - pain relief with the help of weak electrical discharges delivered through the skin, which block the transmission of pain impulses to the brain.

Electrorelaxation of the uterus - the impact on the neuromuscular apparatus of the uterus with an alternating sinusoidal current to suppress the contractile activity of this organ. With the threat of termination of pregnancy from 15–16 weeks, electrorelaxation is a more preferable method over other methods of therapy for threatened abortion, since there are no side effects of medications, and the effect occurs already during the procedure.

Electrorelaxation of the uterus can be used to provide emergency assistance with the threat of abortion.

In the 2nd and 3rd trimester, intravenous drip administration of GINIPRAL, MAGNESIUM SULPHATE is possible.

Injections of antispasmodics are also shown - PAPAVERIN, NO-SHPA. Recommended drugs - calcium channel blockers (NIFEDIPINE, CORINFAR). These drugs block calcium channels in the myometrium, calcium is not transported, and the muscle cannot contract and relaxes.
To enhance the antispasmodic effect, tablet forms of drugs that reduce the tone of the uterus are added - GINIPRAL, NO-ShPU in tablets, as well as CANDLES WITH PAPAVERINE.

Be sure to include vitamins in the treatment regimen: in injectable form - intravenously, in tablet form in order to improve metabolic processes, normalize the activity of the central nervous system.

Sedative drugs are also prescribed in tablet form or in the form of tinctures. It is necessary to use drugs that improve uteroplacental circulation (CURANTIL, PENTOXYFILLIN, EUFILLIN, TRENTAL), drugs that improve metabolic processes (ACTOVEGIN, COCARBOXYLASE, RIBOXIN, POTASSIUM OROTATE, CALCIUM PANTOTHEnate, LIPOIC ACID), antihypoxants (drugs that increase the resistance of fetal nerve cells to a lack of oxygen - INSTENON, PIRACETAM), hepatoprotectors (substances that improve liver function - HOFITOL, ESSENTIALE).

The increased tone of the muscles of the uterus is not an occasion for emotions, but for a more attentive attitude towards oneself. Therefore, if the doctor diagnosed the expectant mother with uterine hypertonicity, she should not be upset, but just pay a little more attention to herself and her condition and listen to the advice of the attending physician.

The tone should pass imperceptibly for the woman. If a pregnant woman feels pulling pains, heaviness and discharge mixed with blood, she should immediately contact her doctor. Hypertonicity backfires in every trimester.

Pregnancy is not always smooth and trouble free. It is not uncommon for women to make a decision about the existence of tone in all trimesters - this is muscle tone. The uterus is also a muscle and it tends to contract under the influence of various factors. Ideally, during pregnancy be calm. But if it periodically decreases before conception and after, this is not always bad and problematic.
This phenomenon can be safely regarded as a normal physiological process, if it is not pursued by any other symptoms and diseases. Muscle contraction should not cause confusion, because it is observed even when a woman simply sneezes. Stress, anxiety and nervousness remain unchanged factors affecting contractions.
When making such a diagnosis, you need to ask the doctor in detail about how dangerous it is for you. The consequences of not normal tone can be very deplorable. In the early stages, the tone can provoke a miscarriage, and in the rest - premature birth

Most often, uterine tone is diagnosed in the early stages of pregnancy (in the first trimester) according to the results of an ultrasound examination.

early pregnancy

It is because of uterine contractions that many women cannot become pregnant. The fertilized egg is simply not able to attach to the wall of the uterus.

Tone up to the twenty-eighth week is considered a real threat of miscarriage, and only when more than 28 weeks have passed can one talk about it as a risk of onset premature birth.

Unfortunately, uterine tone is diagnosed in 60% of pregnant women, but doctors are trying to do everything possible to rule out all possible reasons its manifestations:

replenish the hormone progesterone
prescribe sedatives
assign "preservation" and recommend calm, not active image life
eliminate or alleviate toxicosis
eliminate increased flatulence in the intestines
cure inflammatory and infectious diseases

How to determine the tone of the uterus during pregnancy on your own?

Determining the presence of tone is not difficult. This will be indicated by very eloquent symptoms that accompany the problem at all stages of pregnancy. When a woman's belly is not yet bulging forward, she may feel:

severe heaviness in the groin and lower abdomen
pain and cramps, similar to those that accompany a woman during menstruation
lumbar pain
pain similar to intestinal spasms
spotting discharge with blood impurities

To these symptoms in the second and third trimester, you can add:

feeling of a tight and heavy abdomen
visual petrification
belly hard to the touch

A pregnant woman experiencing such symptoms should immediately seek medical advice so that this phenomenon does not provoke a miscarriage or unplanned premature birth. The doctor prescribes a number of medications that have an antispasmodic and mild sedative effect.

the fetus presses on the walls, causing spasms

How to reduce the tone of the uterus during pregnancy?

Involuntary uterine contractions may be present at all stages of pregnancy. Most often, the tone appears due to a hormonal failure in the body and a lack of progesterone - the female "pregnant" hormone.
Starting from the sixteenth week, it may appear as a result of placental growth and fetal enlargement. In this case, it does not require intervention, in others - it is simply necessary to reduce the tone in order to avoid consequences.
In most cases, in order to reduce uterine tone, doctors prescribe antispasmodics - drugs that relax muscle organs.
The most common medicine is No-shpa, proven over the years. It has a fairly mild and safe effect. In more severe cases, you can use fresh "papaverine" or "viburkol"

the tone of the uterus can be reduced with the help of medications

The tone caused by the growth of the placenta can be alleviated by wearing a special bandage for pregnant women. The principle of his work is that he is able to distribute the weight of a woman and facilitate her movement, as well as relieve the load from her back.

Yes, myself physical activity, movement and carrying weights - must be excluded from your life.

A pregnant woman suffering from tonus needs more sleep, walk in parks and breathe the air. It is worth completely reviewing your diet to eliminate fixing foods:

sweet foods: candy, chocolate and others
bakery products
rice groats

It is very useful for women to increase the amount of vitamin E consumed from food, eat bee royal jelly and wheat germ.

Uterine tone in the first trimester of pregnancy

The muscles enveloping the uterus are three-layered, intertwined very tightly. This interlacing allows the muscle to hold the uterus tightly in case of overstrain.

The tone indicates the presence of problems in the body, since the fetus is very small and can hardly somehow stretch the walls of the uterus.

aching pain in the abdomen

In the early stages of pregnancy, namely in the first trimester, the tone of the uterus can appear from the smallest experiences and worries. Stress is not the only reason.

Physical activity, even the smallest, provokes tone. Not infrequently, simple abstinence and the inability to go to the toilet also provoke muscle contractions.

If you still relaxed, went to the toilet, did not burden yourself with loads, and the tone and pulling sensations do not go away, it is possible that your symptoms are related to something else:

hormonal disorders in the body
toxicosis
lack of progesterone
underdevelopment of the uterus
the presence of cancer in the uterus
diseases of the genital organs
infectious disease
different Rh factor in the blood of mother and baby

If the tone is provoked by external factors, it is eliminated very quickly. If internal - you need to look for the cause with the help of specialists.

Uterine tone in the second trimester of pregnancy

We can say that the second trimester of pregnancy for a woman is the most favorable. In the second trimester, toxicosis goes away and the pregnant woman feels much better. All that can disturb a woman in the fourth, fifth and sixth months is the tone of the uterus.

The tone in this period is provoked by various factors, both external and internal. External factors include:

weight lifting

stress, anxiety, constant nervousness

unfavorable lifestyle, bad habits

Internal factors:

hormonal disorders
uterine mime
the threat of a breakdown (underdevelopment of the child, different Rh blood factors in mother and baby, congenital anomalies)
rapid fetal growth

at the reception

Unfortunately, the tone can lead to poor blood flow in a woman's body. This phenomenon can have very unpleasant consequences and inhibit the development of the child in utero.

The worst thing that can happen to a woman experiencing tone is detachment of the fetal placenta from the uterine wall, since it, unlike a muscle, does not contract.

Uterine tone in the third trimester of pregnancy

Minor contractions of muscle fibers are normal for a pregnant woman. Not infrequently, hypertonicity is a consequence of multiple pregnancy ( several children in the womb) or too large a fetus.

late term, third trimester

The fetus in the uterus is already large enough, it stretches the uterus and gives discomfort. If the tone is increased, this may well cause premature birth.

Also, the causes of tone in the third trimester can be:

nervous irritation, regular stress
carrying weights
intestinal gases

Why is uterine hypertonicity dangerous during pregnancy?

The tone of the uterus can have different consequences at different stages of pregnancy. In any case, the tone is dangerous for abortion. In the early stages, muscle contractions make it impossible to fix the fetal egg to the wall of the uterus.

fixation of the fetus in the uterus

Hypertonicity is the cause of constriction of blood vessels, which are the main link between mother and child. It is for this reason that the fetus may not receive development in the womb. It is through blood vessels, the child receives required amount nutrients and oxygen.

In all three trimesters, hypertonicity causes involuntary abortion. Not infrequently, the tone itself can be confused with the onset of contractions.

How to treat uterine tone during pregnancy?

The tone of the uterus, depending on the causes, requires proper treatment. It can be simple manipulations, or it can be a full-fledged drug treatment.

no-shpa with uterine tone

Try to start treatment with simple exercises and only if folk ways cannot cope with the sensations, consult a doctor for help:

take a horizontal position
master breathing relaxing gymnastics in order to successfully apply it at the right time
raise your legs above your head, put them on a pillow
drink soothing tea with chamomile and lemon balm
stroke the belly with gentle circular motions
try not to burden yourself with heavy bags and physical exercises during the day and not be nervous

The tone of the uterus requires regular use of medications. In the arsenal of every pregnant woman should be sedatives, antispasmodics and vitamins prescribed by the attending physician.

Exercises to relieve uterine tone during pregnancy

A number of simple exercises are aimed at eliminating the tone and relaxing the muscular system of the body of a pregnant woman:

Exercise "Cat". This is a simple exercise that every woman can do, and it is especially useful for those who are already in the third trimester of pregnancy. It requires the support of a woman on all limbs. Standing on all fours, the back and abdominal muscles relax. It is necessary to stand in a calm state for five minutes, after which bending and raising the back should be performed. You need to fix each position up to five seconds. Blood circulation increases, condition becomes better
Exercise "Free position". For this, it is not necessary to perform any special movements. It is enough to take a position in which the uterus remains as relaxed as possible. Take a chair, lean on it with your forearms, put your knees on the floor and sit in this state for a while

uterine tone requires elimination

What to do with uterine tone during pregnancy: tips and reviews

The tone of the uterus pursues almost every woman at different stages of pregnancy. In any case, strong sensations of pain, stretching, spotting are always not normal. The tone requires elimination in any case, since it should always pass asymptomatically and imperceptibly.

At the slightest health disorder, try to contact your doctor, limit your workload and be in a horizontal mood. Stress is the easiest way to cause muscles to contract, so try not to be nervous, relax and avoid any stress.

Video: “The tone of the uterus. What to do?"

Since the conception of a child, a woman's body undergoes major changes. In order for the uterus not to reject the fetal egg, the higher structures of the female body prepare it for the process of implementation and development of the future fetus. The appearance of symptoms of uterine tone should be a signal for action.

Changes are observed in the emotional and hormonal background. A woman becomes calm and unperturbed, and an increased amount of the hormone progesterone begins to be produced in her body. For the normal development of the fetus, a relaxed and supple uterus is needed. In obstetric practice, situations often arise when the uterus of a pregnant woman comes into pathological tone during the bearing of a child.

Uterine tone is a pathological condition in which the uterus of a pregnant woman performs involuntary contractions that can lead to the onset of preterm labor. Only a calm and relaxed uterus can become a “cradle” for an unborn child, so peace for this organ is an integral part of a successful pregnancy.

The uterus of a healthy woman is a hollow muscular organ, consisting of the following layers:

the primary layer that covers the outside of the organ and creates a protective film on it;
the secondary, muscular layer is the myometrium, which is responsible for the tone of the organ;
the inner, mucous layer is the endometrium, which ensures the full implementation of the fetal egg during conception.

Involuntary contractions of the smooth muscles of the uterus contribute to the rejection of the tissues of the embryo, resulting in an increased likelihood of miscarriage. The contractile activity of the uterus can cause local detachment of the placenta, and oxygen starvation of the fetus. In the early stages of pregnancy, this pathology threatens with a miscarriage, and in the later stages - with the premature onset of labor.

Strengthening the tone of the uterus is carried out due to the smooth muscle fibers of the myometrium. The phenomenon of hypertonicity of the uterine muscles can threaten a pregnant woman throughout the entire period of bearing a child.

Causes

The following factors can lead to the development of hypertonicity of the smooth muscle fibers of the uterus:

Emotional and physical overload, overstrain, stress, negative or positive emotions, increased fatigue. A pregnant woman is strictly prohibited from sudden emotional swings. Any emotional outburst can bring the uterus into a state of hypertonicity.
Infectious and inflammatory diseases of the reproductive system. If a woman had a urogenital pathology before pregnancy, then she should be wary possible risk appearance of uterine hypertonicity.
Violation of the endocrine system. This category includes all conditions associated with the violation hormonal balance in the body of a pregnant woman.
Pathologies of the organs of the reproductive system. Underdevelopment of the genital organs, baby uterus).
chronic diseases internal organs and systems. Exacerbation of chronic diseases during pregnancy can lead to an increase in the tone of the uterine muscles.
Benign neoplasms in the uterus. Various fibroids can affect the tone of the smooth muscles of the uterus. This is due to the fact that the developing fetus disrupts the blood supply to the myoma nodes, which leads to their disintegration and a sharp increase in the tone of the uterus.
large fruit. Bearing a large fetus exerts an unbearable load on the walls of the uterus, which leads to an increase in its tone.
Alcohol and tobacco use before and during pregnancy. The destructive effect of bad habits contributes to the violation of the tone of the smooth muscles of the uterus.
Multiple pregnancy. Carrying several children at once puts a serious strain on the walls of the uterus. Women with multiple pregnancies are subject to close monitoring by medical specialists.
Pathologies of intrauterine development of the fetus. Some developmental pathologies contribute to an increase in the tone of the smooth muscles of the uterus. Such anomalies include intrauterine fetal hydrocephalus.
Too much amniotic fluid (polyhydramnios). This condition creates an additional load on the uterine walls, increasing their tone.

In the early stages of pregnancy, hypertonicity of the uterine muscles is due to a deficiency in the body of a pregnant woman. In the 2nd and 3rd trimesters, psycho-emotional factors, as well as exacerbation of chronic diseases of internal organs and systems, become the cause of this pathology.

Progesterone deficiency in female body seen under the following conditions:

Hyperandrogenism. This condition is characterized by an excess of male hormones in a woman's body. This condition occurs when the adrenal glands are overactive. Before pregnancy, a woman may experience menstrual irregularities, a general deterioration before menstruation, skin problems, and excessive body hair growth.
Genital infantilism. This condition is characterized by insufficient development of the organs of the reproductive system. The underdevelopment of the body of the uterus can cause its spontaneous contraction during pregnancy.
Excessive levels of prolactin in the blood. If a woman has an excess of this hormone, then the result of this condition can be infertility.

During the period of bearing a baby, the expectant mother must be especially careful, protecting her body from external factors. At the first signs of an increase in the tone of the uterus, the expectant mother is recommended to immediately contact a medical specialist to relieve the condition.

Symptoms

Spontaneous recognition of this condition will not cause difficulties, since its symptoms are very characteristic. It is very important to identify the symptoms of the uterus in good shape in a timely manner, as this will allow you to take the necessary measures.

In the early stages, this condition can manifest itself in the form of pulling pain and heaviness in the lower abdomen. Feelings may resemble the onset of menstruation. Sometimes pain radiates to the lower back and legs. For more later dates, the symptoms of uterine tone during pregnancy appear similarly to the first trimester, but visual compression of the abdomen during contractions joins the existing ones. This area becomes hard and tense. These symptoms of uterine tone do not look like anything, therefore, when they occur, the woman is guided in the situation.

In addition to the above symptoms of uterine tone during pregnancy, there may be bloody discharge from the vagina. This symptom is very alarming, and when it appears, the expectant mother is recommended to immediately seek medical advice. medical care or call an ambulance.

Timely access to specialists guarantees the preservation of pregnancy. In some expectant mothers, this pathology can occur without any symptoms of uterine tone during pregnancy, which greatly complicates the diagnosis. During the examination, the specialist detects a shortening of the cervix and hardening of her body.

What is the danger of uterine tone

The increased tone of the smooth muscles of the uterus is a condition that is strictly forbidden to be ignored. Depending on the gestational age, hypertonicity can lead to different Negative consequences.

In the first trimester

If symptoms of uterine tone during pregnancy are detected in the 1st trimester, it is important to remember that this condition leads to an increase in intrauterine pressure. With such a complication, the risk of spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) increases significantly. It is the 1st trimester that is the most vulnerable period during pregnancy, so it is very important to identify and stop uterine hypertonicity in a timely manner.

In the second trimester

If in the 2nd trimester the symptoms of uterine tone during pregnancy manifest themselves, then such a condition can lead to a decrease in blood flow in the vessels of the placenta, and a slowdown in oxygen delivery to the fetus. A constant lack of oxygen in the fetus is fraught with a delay in its development.

In the third trimester

The appearance of symptoms of uterine tone in the third trimester may lead to early onset of labor. If closer to childbirth a woman experiences symptoms of uterine tone, then she is recommended to seek medical help as soon as possible. It is important not to confuse the symptoms of uterine tone in the third trimester with "training" contractions in late pregnancy.

Diagnostics

The primary link in the diagnosis of uterine hypertonicity is a survey of a pregnant woman.

The main diagnostic methods used are:

ultrasonography- this type of diagnosis allows you to determine the partial or complete thickening of the muscular layer of the body of the uterus;
manual examination (palpation) of the abdomen of a pregnant woman- with normal uterine tone, the abdomen is soft and pliable. If the tone is increased, then when feeling it is hard and tense;
tonusometric method- for diagnostics, a special device with built-in sensors is used to determine the hypertonicity of the uterine body.

Treatment

Relief of uterine hypertension is carried out in a hospital, as this condition can threaten the life of the mother and child. In this case, a pregnant woman is shown bed rest, emotional and physical rest, as well as abstinence from intimacy.

Drug therapy for hypertension consists in the use of such drugs:

antispasmodics used to relieve muscle tension;
sedatives (to calm a pregnant woman);
hormonal agents (Dexamethasone, Utrozhestan, Duphaston);
calcium channel blockers;
multivitamin complexes (Magne B6, vitamin E);
in the presence of bloody discharge, a hemostatic is prescribed to a pregnant woman.

Treatment of this pathology at home is strictly prohibited, since self-medication can lead to fatal consequences. If a woman has symptoms of uterine tone without pregnancy, then drug therapy will be selected based on the diagnosis.

Consequences

Uterine hypertonicity is most dangerous in the 1st and 2nd trimester of pregnancy, as this condition can lead to spontaneous abortion. Other consequences of this condition include a decrease in blood circulation in the pelvic organs, and a deterioration in the delivery of oxygen to the fetus.

Oxygen deficiency can result in various defects and abnormalities for a developing organism.

Prevention

To prevent increased tone of the smooth muscles of the uterus, a pregnant woman should regularly visit the attending gynecologist, who can prevent this condition in a timely manner. It is very important for a future mother to observe a regime of rest and moderate physical activity.

Experts strongly recommend to refrain from emotional overload. In the absence of contraindications, a woman can take daily walks, visit the swimming pool, and also perform light gymnastics. Special attention should be given to the diet of the expectant mother. IN daily diet should include fresh vegetables and fruits.

In some situations, for the prevention of hypertonicity, the expectant mother is recommended to observe bed rest. Pregnant women are strictly prohibited from lifting weights.

Throughout the period of bearing a child, the pregnant woman must be in a stable psychological state and emotional balance. Outbursts and fluctuations of emotions have a significant impact on the tone of the smooth muscles of the uterus. In order not to provoke physical overwork, it is important to exclude the performance of complex mechanical work. If there is a risk of an increase in tone, it is better for a woman to temporarily refrain from intimacy with her husband.