Brewer's yeast: benefits and harms, application, composition. The unique secret of making the healthiest bread is revealed

Yeast benefits and harms depend on many environmental factors, as well as the method and amount of their use.

Now yeast is showing useful properties in many areas - from food to cosmetics.

The preparation of yeast bakery products is attractive in that the dough increases at least twice during baking.

This effect was noticed many centuries ago, and since that time, the benefits of yeast for the body have been proven repeatedly.

But not all yeast and not always equally useful. In some cases, regular use of yeast does more harm than good.

Yeast: composition, calorie content, how to use

Mankind has been using yeast for a very long time, but it was only at the end of the 19th century that they were able to understand their essence and principle of operation. Groups of unicellular fungi found in liquid and semi-liquid substrates with an abundance of nutrients - this can be said in general about yeast. Yeast, unlike other types of fungi, is able to ferment, and die only at temperatures above 60 degrees Celsius.

Scientists are working on breeding new types of yeast.

It is conditionally possible to divide the most common groups used by humans into:

"live" bakery;

Natural (for example, formed on the surface of grape berries);

Beer (can be found in the form of various dietary supplements).

The calorie content and benefits of yeast for the human body are determined by their composition:

Protein (up to 66% of the total mass);

Amino acids;

Folic acid;

Methionine;

Lecithin;

Vitamins of groups B, C, H and P, and other minerals.

Yeast has a fairly low calorie content - only 75 kcal per 100 grams. At the same time, carbohydrates are completely absent in yeast, a low percentage of fats, but 12.7 grams of protein. In cooking, a person uses 4 types of yeast fungi: preparing beer, bakery products, sour-milk products and wine drinks.

Yeast: what are the benefits for the body?

Consumers are becoming more aware of the quality of their diet and other products they purchase. Increasingly better ingredients are being used to produce consumer products, and yeast plays a significant role. The medical, food, cosmetic and biotechnology industries are actively using the beneficial properties of yeast.

Medical uses of yeast

Scientific studies have proven the undoubted benefits of yeast for restoring metabolism. First of all, scientists pay attention to the protein content, which ensures the best absorption of nutrients, improves the absorption function of the intestine. The protein in yeast is no less important for the human body than fish or meat protein.

Yeast: benefits for immunity

A person constantly needs to protect the body from the harmful effects of the environment. The immune system gives us effective protection against infectious and other diseases. From the walls of baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the human body extracts the strongest immunostimulants β-glucans. In Asia, yeast is especially valued for its beneficial yeast extracts in the form of peptides and glutathione (a unique amino acid).

The gastrointestinal tract cannot live without yeast

About 100,000 billion bacteria of several hundred species are involved in human digestion, and human health directly depends on the stability of this intestinal microflora. As strange as it may sound, the baker's probiotic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii helps maintain the delicate balance of microflora and gut health.

Yeast is considered a natural dietary supplement designed to stimulate the production of secretions in the stomach and improve bowel function, ensure the full functioning of the digestive tract in case of ulcers, gastritis, colitis, and other diseases of the digestive system.

Traditional healers use dry yeast to relieve the symptoms of enterocolitis and colitis - add a teaspoon of yeast to 200 ml of fresh carrot juice and let the patient drink this mixture after 20 minutes.

Antioxidant Benefits of Yeast

The oxygen we breathe every day oxidizes the cells of our body. Oxidative reactions are exacerbated by stress or pollution, and lead to oxidative stress situations. To prevent damage to DNA or proteins, antioxidants neutralize oxidizing factors and restore balance.

Selenium is recognized as one of the strongest antioxidants, which perfectly copes with the regulation of oxidation in the body. It reduces the risk of cancer and is used for colon, prostate, lung, and other types of cancer. Selenium improves the condition of the thyroid gland and treats iodine deficiency diseases.

Unfortunately, up to 80% of the population is deficient in selenium. You can replenish it if you use selenium-fortified yeast, which is of particular benefit in the bioavailable form of this antioxidant.

The creation and functioning of the cells of the human body is impossible without yeast. In some cases, they are prescribed even for diseases of the hematopoietic system, up to anemia.

Yeast: benefits for hair and skin

As soon as a person begins to use yeast prescribed by a doctor, his skin, hair and nails immediately reflect this. Skin elasticity is restored, hair and nails become stronger, grow faster.

Both external use of yeast and taking them internally helps to cope with:

Dermatitis;

eczema;

burns;

seborrhea;

Dandruff.

To nourish and improve the appearance of the skin, you can use the following masks:

Mix a teaspoon of honey with 20 grams of yeast, add a tablespoon of rye flour, pour four tablespoons of warm milk;

Mix kefir with 20 grams of yeast, the mask should have the consistency of thick sour cream.

Yeast face masks are applied to a cleansed face for no longer than 15 minutes, after which they are thoroughly washed off with warm water.

To strengthen the hair, dissolve half a pack of yeast with a teaspoon of sugar in a water bath. Leave until fermentation starts. Add a teaspoon of mustard and honey. Apply to the hair roots, spread over the entire length and cover with a plastic bag or cap. Wrap a towel over the top and leave for an hour and a half. Rinse hair well with water.

How much yeast does a person need per day

About 5-7 grams of yeast per day is enough for the average person. But the body requires more yeast in certain conditions:

Weak immunity;

Constant stress;

Depression;

Neuralgia;

Diseases of the skin, hair and nails;

Oncological diseases;

Metabolic disorders;

Problems with the gastrointestinal tract;

Intense mental and physical stress;

Lack of vitamins and nutrients in the diet;

Regions with harmful exposure to radiation or hazardous chemicals.

The proportions of useful substances in yeast are perfectly matched, the substances complement each other and have a general strengthening effect. Yeast is suitable for vegetarians to replenish nutrients.

All the benefits of yeast are preserved at temperatures up to 60 degrees Celsius. If the yeast was subjected to heat treatment at higher temperatures, then the healing properties are completely leveled. Doctors advise using yeast with sugar, liquid, bran and other suitable additives.

Yeast: what is the harm to health?

The above benefits of yeast are complemented by some of the harm that they can cause if used improperly, or if unnatural yeast is used.

Scientists have proven that yeast kvass, “live” beer, fermented milk products and grape wine are of exceptional benefit due to their types. But as for yeast baking, there is almost unanimous opinion about the dangers of yeast in combination with flour and fats after processing at high temperatures. Especially dangerous are dry substrates, which we used to add to baking.

Indeed, in many diseases, yeast has a saving effect. But yeast can be beneficial and harmful at the same time. When the balance of microorganisms is disturbed, the body is vulnerable to infections.

In bread and other pastries with yeast, the harm undoubtedly outweighs the benefits. All the necessary substances are destroyed during baking, only those that cause fermentation processes, dysbacteriosis, fungal diseases (candidiasis) and even cancer remain.

Yeast causes harm when the body is fed up with them. As a result, the microflora is disturbed, pathogenic microorganisms penetrate into the blood. They reduce the body's resistance to the environment, contribute to early fatigue and provoke the rapid growth of a cancerous tumor.

Uncontrolled consumption of yeast and its products causes increased gas formation, constipation, kidney and gallstones, pancreatic disorders and pathology of vital organs.

Yeast for children: good or bad

For children, brewer's yeast is prescribed by doctors to maintain protein and carbohydrate metabolism with an unbalanced diet. Intensive loads, radiation and other damage to the body, post-infection rehabilitation, obesity and dystrophy, angular stomatitis are just some of the problems in the fight against which brewer's yeast is undeniably beneficial.

Indeed, in some cases, a doctor may prescribe brewer's yeast to children. But side effects in the form of flatulence, diarrhea, dysbacteriosis, allergic reactions or intolerance make you seriously think before giving your child brewer's yeast. If you decide to do this, then please note that you can’t give yeast to children before seven years old, but it’s better from 13-15 years old, when the child can understand if something goes wrong.

Brewer's yeast: what are their benefits

Brewer's yeast was originally intended for the manufacture of beverages. But humanity has proven their benefits for the body, and now it is an excellent bioactive food supplement that can be found in every pharmacy. Brewer's yeast, its benefits in lowering cholesterol levels, controlling blood sugar and maintaining a stable weight.

In addition, for medicinal purposes, you can use brewer's yeast with nutritional deficiencies, digestive disorders (constipation and diarrhea), vitamin deficiency and skin problems. But brewer's yeast is not only beneficial.

There are a number of conditions incompatible with brewer's yeast:

Flatulence, increased gas formation;

The use of drugs (monoamine oxidase inhibitors, antidepressants, narcotic painkillers, drugs for hypertension and diabetes);

Fungal infections;

Allergy;

Individual intolerance.

Despite all the benefits of brewer's yeast, do not be too lazy to consult a doctor before using them.

Hello, friends! Today's topic: the benefits and harms of baker's yeast.

There are a lot of types of yeast in nature, of which a person cultivates 4 types: dairy, wine, beer and bakery. We'll be looking at baker's yeast here, which has the scientific term Saccharomyces fungus.

When did you start using yeast?

Louis Pasteur, microbiologist (1822 - 1895)

Yeast has been used in bread baking and baking since ancient times, even ancient Egypt used yeast in bread baking and winemaking. There is evidence of this dating back to 1200 BC. But yeast, like fungi, became known to official science with the help of the French microbiologist Louis Pasteur.

What is baker's yeast used for?

Baker's yeast has health properties that give baked goods a pleasant taste, aroma, porosity and softness, which contributes to better assimilation of baked goods.
Baking soda and citric acid can give baking soda and citric acid a similar porosity and softness, but yeast baking is more tender and tastier.
Baker's yeast has many health benefits that it imparts to baked goods.

Harm baker's yeast - myth or reality?

The purpose of this publication is to analyze whether yeast-based baking is really harmful.

Let's get a look,

What is baker's yeast.

Growing baker's yeast.

Growing baker's yeast

Baker's yeast belongs to the species Saccharomyces cerevisiae, i.e. their food is sugar. Baker's yeast is grown in an oxygen-enriched laboratory environment on a nutrient mixture of sugar beets with the addition of minerals. This nutrient mixture contains more than 50 components, some of them are completely inedible, but we do not eat the land on which edible berries and fruits grow. The whole process of growing baker's yeast is controlled according to GOST 171-81.
Using a special technology, baker's yeast is dehydrated and pressed after cultivation.

properties of baker's yeast.

Baker's yeast under the microscope

Baker's yeast creates alcoholic fermentation in a liquid medium with sugar. Thanks to alcoholic fermentation with air access, the dough rises, becomes soft and tasty. Yeast in its composition contains amino acids and vitamins, and many trace elements necessary for humans. During fermentation, fermentation takes place. In the process of baking at temperatures of 180 - 200 degrees, alcohol evaporates, yeast dies from high temperatures (they die already at a temperature of 50 degrees), and baking is saturated with useful vitamins, microelements, amino acids, enzymes. At a temperature of 50 degrees, baker's yeast spores also die.

Storage of baker's yeast.

Baker's yeast pressed in the refrigerator in the package can be stored for no more than 12 days.

Baker's yeast does not tolerate slow freezing.
With slow freezing, they lose their structure and die.

For long-term storage of baker's yeast, quick freezing is used.
When quickly frozen in the freezer, they can be stored for 1 year, for use they are carefully thawed in the refrigerator at a temperature of 0 - plus 4 degrees, after which the frozen baker's yeast becomes suitable again. Re-freezing of baker's yeast is not allowed.

Composition of baker's yeast.

Baker's yeast contains macro and microelements necessary for the body: phosphorus, iron, potassium, magnesium, zinc, proteins, carbohydrates, fats and B vitamins, which are not afraid of high baking temperatures.

Vitamins in baker's yeast .
Baker's yeast is very rich in vitamins, especially group B.
1. Vitamin B1, helps the nervous system, regulates metabolism, relieves polyneuritis and severe nervous diseases. Contains about 2 mg per 100 g of DM (Dry Matter)

2. Vitamin B2, helps with visual impairment and skin diseases.

Contains about 2.5 - 3.0 mg per 100 g.

3.Vitamin B3, is needed for the growth of the body, nervous activity and endocrine glands.

Contains about 1500 - 3300 mg per 100 g.

4.Vitamin B5(RR) is an antipellagric factor. Vitamin B5 (PP) was named after the first letters of the disease (pellagra preventing), which it removes - rough, flaky bright red skin. Oncologists believe that vitamin B5 (PP) is an anti-cancer vitamin.

Contains from 18.5 to 29.0 mg per 100 g.

5. Vitamin B6 stimulates the metabolism and absorption of nutrients by the body.

Contains from 160-650 per 100 g of SV.

6. Vitamin D- protects against rickets, takes part in the regulation of phosphorus-calcium metabolism.

Available in a very large amount of 2000 mg per 100 g of SV.

7. Vitamin H(biotin) Hair responds especially well to biotin - it becomes thick and lush.

Contains from 50-180 micrograms per 100 g.

Baker's yeast also contains para-aminobenzoic acid 0.8-9.5 mg per 100 g of CB, as well as folic acid 1.9-3. 5 mg per 100 g.

These acids are found in enzymes involved in the synthesis of nucleic bases.

Enzymes in baker's yeast.

All processes occurring in the body during growth, development and metabolism occur with the participation of enzymes (enzymes), i.e. protein catalysts.

In the yeast cell, the synthesis of enzymes is continuously taking place.

Enzymes have such a specificity that each enzyme accelerates only its own specific reaction. For example, an enzyme that accelerates the breakdown of sucrose cannot accelerate the breakdown of fats, proteins, etc. Therefore, dozens of enzymes act simultaneously in the body, independently of each other.

Benefits of baker's yeast.

Thanks to vitamins, enzymes and trace elements, baker's yeast used in baking can improve performance, well-being, tone, help recover from a long illness, and can lower blood cholesterol. Baker's yeast helps the intestines, helps to remove toxins from the body, cleanses the skin, improves hair structure, and participates in metabolism.
Baker's yeast, unlike brewer's yeast, is not recommended to be consumed raw.

Harm baker's yeast.

1. Like any product, yeast, or rather, pastries, can be harmful if consumed excessively. Everything must be done in moderation. Baking with baker's yeast is best consumed about 1 time per week, flour products in your diet should be limited.

1. Those who have an individual intolerance to yeast should not use them.

1. Those who scream about the dangers of yeast, most often pursue a goal that is far from caring for people. Their interests most likely lie in the plane of creating cheap popularity for themselves.

Notes.

1. This article did not address the issue of the benefits of yeast bread.

1. Now bread is usually baked by private firms, which can mix all sorts of additives into bread at their own discretion, which are not always useful for humans. It happens that such bread turns out to be of poor quality, but this does not mean that baker's yeast is to blame.

1. Proponents of "yeast-free" sourdough bread, not everyone knows that any sourdough contains fungi, including baking yeast Saccharomycetes. This yeast is a natural product that has nothing to do with genetic engineering. And even if you completely abandon yeast bread, this yeast still enters the human body with berries and fruits and simply from the environment.

So bake with baker's yeast and be healthy!

That's all for now, dear readers. With respect and love, Alina Taranets.

Sources:

Cooking book

Blog Anastasia Khan

Blog Happy in Life

Public opinion about the benefits or harms of yeast is very radically divided.

One half of the camp claims that yeast made using modern technologies cannot be categorically consumed, while the rest, laughing at the paranoia of their opponents, eat bread and are treated for many diseases with yeast.

Let's try to analyze in detail the arguments of both sides.

In biology, yeasts belong to the category of unicellular fungi, but they are somewhat different from their other counterparts.

Being in a dry or compressed form, they do not manifest themselves in any way. But getting into a warm liquid medium filled with organic substances, yeast begins to "come to life", grow and multiply actively.

This is especially noticeable if you throw them into a sugar solution. Foam will immediately begin to appear and a slight smell of alcohol will be noticeable.

Yeast dough rises due to the fact that during the life of yeast fungi, sugar begins to ferment and this leads to the formation of alcohol and carbon dioxide.

Alcohol evaporates during the baking process, and carbon dioxide bubbles increase the volume of the dough several times. In the finished bread, they can be observed in the form of pores. The more carbon dioxide is released into the dough, the more loose the baked goods will turn out.

On an industrial scale and in domestic use, several types of yeast are used today:

• bakery pressed;
• bakery dry;
• beer;
• wine.

Debunking and confirming opinions about yeast

It really is. Two-thirds of them are composed of protein mass. They contain a huge amount of B-group vitamins, fatty acids, amino acids and trace elements.

With regular use, yeast contributes to recovery after active physical exertion, increases immunity, healthy appetite, normalizes the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, heals skin, hair and nails.

This is also true. Medical preparations are made in which yeast is the main active ingredient. They are prescribed for people with furunculosis and other skin problems, children and adolescents with central nervous system disorders and hypovitaminosis.

Not true. The designation "thermophilic" should not be used at all in conjunction with the concept of "yeast", because thermophilic organisms live at a temperature of 47-50 degrees Celsius, and yeast already dies at such a high temperature.

Yes, we do not collect yeast in forests and wild meadows, but they are grown at enterprises. But the man simply noticed the benefits of this organism and began to breed it, like wheat, pigs or cows. No one will argue that cows have become some kind of synthetic

This is the result of someone's wild imagination. Any doctor can confirm that yeast already lives in our body and they are an important component of the normal microflora.

Baker's yeast during the preparation of bread inevitably dies and this only enriches the baking with microelements. And live yeast enters the human stomach, being on the surface of berries and fruits, contained in lactic acid products and cheese. But they are only useful.

Yeast for weight loss

Almost everyone who is trying to lose the hated excess weight asks themselves the question: Can yeast bread be eaten?

From the above, we can conclude that the yeast in the cooked bread is no longer present. They only play the role of "inflating" the dough, making it airy and fluffy.

Yeast does not affect the process of losing weight.

So, yeast in baking does not affect the process of losing weight. But flour and other components are, of course, a topic for reflection. If without adding, then its moderate use will not do any harm to the figure.

The beneficial properties of yeast have been used by mankind since ancient times. Bread was baked from them, they were taken as a medicine and a source of vitamins.

Therefore, it is not necessary, because of someone's complexes that have played out, to deny yourself the pleasure of eating freshly baked bread. But only everything should be in moderation!

Food fungi have been known to civilized mankind for thousands of years. Without them, the usual diet of a European would be impossible. In Rus' they said: "bread is the head of everything." But few people think that the harm of yeast can outweigh all the positive aspects of their use.

Unicellular fungi: description and varieties

The group of organisms called "yeast" includes one and a half thousand fungi, which are united by a structural feature: they all consist of only one cell. Their adaptability to the environment is truly high: They don't need an oxygen atmosphere to live..

The fungus multiplies rapidly, which explains their widespread use in the food industry.

There are 4 types of mushrooms used in food production:

1. bakery. They give baked goods a unique flavor and aroma. Also, they are responsible for the volume, shape and specific structure of the product;
2. beer. In turn, they are divided into two types: bottom and top fermentation. The name is given to them at the place of the maximum concentration of yeast during the fermentation of raw materials: at the bottom of the container or on the surface of the liquid. The first type is more modern and is called camp;
3. Wine. They are a whitish coating on bunches of ripe grapes. Therefore, when making wine, the fruits of the fruit are not washed and crushed in their original form. As a result of the fermentation of sugars, alcohol ethanol is obtained;
4. Dairy- are found in fermented milk products made without chemicals.

Baker's yeast: benefits and harms

Official medicine recognizes a number of unicellular fungi used in the baking industry useful properties:

• They are high in protein;
• This is an excellent means of combating high cholesterol levels in the blood;
• Fight against blood pressure disorders;
• Treatment of anemia and skin diseases;
• Positive effect on the intestinal microflora;
• Strengthening the body with a lack of beneficial bacteria;
• Elimination of pain in the digestive organs.

The list of positive features of the product does not end there. After all, this is a great tool to increase appetite. The specific taste will appeal to many gourmets and will present many familiar dishes in a new light.

In this video, technologist Roman Milonov will tell you how harmful thermophilic yeast really is, how and why they were bred by scientists:

For vegetarians, yeast should not be converted at home. They perfectly correct the distortions of an exclusively plant-based diet.

When describing the properties of the product, it is impossible not to mention its negative impact, so that the story does not turn into a half-truth.

Yeast: harm to the body

Unicellular fungi can do a disservice to a person if he suffers from candidiasis (a specific fungal infection) and hormonal disorders.

That's why fresh bread is even harmful to the body. The Russians possessed this knowledge many hundreds of years ago. So, in 1624, Mikhail Fedorovich issued a decree forbidding shopkeepers to sell freshly baked pastries. Stale bread was revered as royal food. In China, there were similar ideas.

Harm of thermophilic yeast

For centuries, bread has been made using natural raw materials. Today as an ingredient are added thermophilic microorganisms (Saccharomycetes). They significantly reduce the cost of the technology for the production of a socially significant product, but at the same time carry a serious health hazard:

• There is a production of toxic substances that tend to accumulate in the body and gradually poison it;
• The cell membrane is destroyed, due to which there is a weakening of immunity in relation to pathogenic bacteria;
• The production of microorganisms necessary for the body is disrupted;
• The inner surface of the stomach is corroded, which increases the risk of gastritis and ulcers;
• Stones in the gallbladder;
• Excretory organs suffer. Constipation is becoming more frequent, which contributes to the occurrence of decay processes in the intestines;
• The rate of production by the body of its own beneficial bacteria decreases, as well as the absorption of external (coming with food).

Allergic reaction

Increasingly, doctors record the manifestation of an allergic reaction to quite ordinary products. For example, excessive swallowing of antibiotics, polluted environment and malnutrition can lead to yeast allergies.

Among the allergens included in the stop list for patients:

• Pastries prepared in the traditional way;
• Peanut;
• Sauerkraut;
• Pickled cucumbers and tomatoes. Anything that contains vinegar in sufficient quantities;
• Almost all alcohol: beer, wine, kvass;
• Kefir and koumiss;
• Dried fruits;
• Vermicelli;
• A number of pharmaceuticals.

It is also necessary to give up sweets, because glucose is the best way to promote the reproduction of fungi in the intestines.

If you ignore the requirements of doctors, a very vivid reaction will come: itching and redness on the skin, flatulence, nausea and vomiting, a feeling of loss of strength and headaches.

Allergy Treatment Procedure

If the above symptoms appear after eating harmless bakery or fermented milk products containing yeast, you should consult a doctor.

The clinic will conduct a detailed examination:

• Research on the subject of heredity: the doctor will ask if relatives suffered from a similar ailment;
• The study of previously transferred diseases (from the medical record);
• Finger blood test;
• Samples on surface covers (calculation of the allergen).

When the diagnosis is confirmed, the allergy sufferer will have to rewrite their daily menu from scratch. The list of recommended products is not so wide:

• Vegetables;
• meat products;
• Seafood;
• Cereals: buckwheat, rice, oatmeal;
• Legumes.

Even allowed food must be washed thoroughly: yeast deposits are present on most foods.

More than 150 years have passed since the French microbiologist Louis Pasteur told the whole world about the amazing properties of unicellular fungi. During this time, people have revealed not only the benefits, but also the harm of yeast.

Excessive consumption of foods containing them affects the stomach, immune and excretory systems, and can also lead to allergies.

Video about the dangers of yeast for humans

In this video, Associate Professor Artem Babenko will conduct an experiment with yeast, in which he will find out what part of living microorganisms remains in bread during baking:

Yeast is a living single-celled organism found in plants and animals. Yeast cells are egg-shaped and can only be seen through a microscope.

What is yeast

If you weigh the yeast and count the cells in them, then there will be about 20 billion cells in approximately 1 g of the substance. Since the human eye is unable to see a 5 micron cell, these organisms have long been one of the most mysterious. Until the middle of the 19th century, mankind knew little about them at all. It was not until 1866 that the microbiologist Louis Pasteur, who devoted his entire life to studying the principles of fermentation, became interested in the process of yeast fermentation using beer as an example. And 15 years later, in a laboratory in Copenhagen, Emil Hansen isolated and purified individual strains of yeast. Methods for cultivating yeast fungi according to the Hansen method are still used.

Yeast cells are living organisms and need air to reproduce. These cells need to be fed to get energy. And their favorite food is anything sweet: sucrose (cane and beet sugar), fructose and glucose (honey, fruits, maple syrup), maltose (starch).

The size of a yeast cell does not exceed eight thousandths of a millimeter. There are approximately 1500 types of yeast. There can be thousands of genetically different strains within a single species, but perhaps the most famous is Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, which is Latin for sugar, fungus, and brewing. More often they are called by more understandable names - brewer's yeast or baker's yeast. Each of these species has certain characteristics, and they determine the scope of yeast. In brewing, for example, different strains are used to produce different types of drink. But the scope of this substance is much wider. Yeast is used for the production of many products, they play the role of flavoring agents, and have also found application in pharmacology, animal husbandry and other areas.

general characteristics

Yeasts are organisms that need food, heat and moisture to live and reproduce.

As a result of fermentation, they convert sugars and starches into carbon dioxide and alcohol. There are different types of yeast that are beneficial to human health. They can strengthen the immune system, improve digestion, but some cause fungal infections.

The most famous types of yeast:

• beer;
• bakery;
• pressed (or confectionery);
• dry;
• fodder.

The discussion around unicellular fungi is not new. Many are interested in what baker's yeast actually is, the benefits or harms of them, some are frightened by their composition according to GOST, so more and more housewives choose not domestic, but French yeast. In fact, if you understand what yeast is, how these microorganisms multiply and how they affect baking, it becomes clear that there is nothing to worry about by and large. Whether these substances are beneficial or, conversely, harmful to the body depends on the amount of their consumption, the sensitivity of the body, and the presence of Candida in the body. In small quantities, yeast can improve health by replenishing B-group vitamins, but an excess of the substance can adversely affect a person.

Studies have shown that yeast cells are very similar to cells in the human body. But while our bodies have tens of billions of cells, yeast only has one.

Man, as scientists say, is a eukaryotic organism. In simpler terms, this means that all of our genetic material is contained in the cell nucleus and mitochondria. According to the same principle, nature created yeast, but bacteria are already representatives of prokaryotic organisms. And due to the fact that yeast is single-celled, it is easier for scientists to study their structure, properties and life stages. And from the point of view of structure, metabolism, of all biological models, it is yeast that is closest to a person. In addition, this fungus is the first eukaryotic microorganism whose genome scientists have deciphered by studying the exact sequence of all its 16 chromosomes.

The importance of the study of these microorganisms is also evidenced by the fact that over the past 15 years, the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology has been awarded to yeast researchers twice. Using human genes in the fungus, scientists test the effectiveness of new drugs, study the specifics of certain diseases.

Most of the research has focused on the potential use of yeast in the healthcare and food industries. Meanwhile, scientists conducted other experiments. For example, not so long ago it became clear that some of the yeast strains can serve as the basis for the creation of biofuels for transport. By the way, a significant proportion of the insulin created by chemists to treat diabetes was produced with the help of yeast.

But this is not all that a person has to learn about yeast. This, at least, is convinced by scientists involved in the study of these microsubstances.

Life cycle of fungi

It should be noted that the development of yeast cells under different circumstances proceeds differently. And although these substances, from the point of view of biologists, are living organisms, they are so unique that they can live without air.

When the yeast does not receive oxygen, it acts on the sugar and turns it into alcohol. In addition, carbon dioxide is released. This process occurs mainly during baking. As a result of this reaction, energy is released - the dough grows. Meanwhile, this energy is not enough for the yeast to continue to live. In the presence of oxygen, they, nourished by sugar, grow and multiply very quickly, releasing carbon dioxide, water and a relatively (by the standards of a fungus) huge amount of energy.

"Good" and "bad" yeast

Yeast, like bacteria, is necessary for the human body. But the first thing that is important to know about these microorganisms is that there are good and bad bacteria, and similarly with yeast. The fungus can affect organs and tissues, cause allergies and many diseases. Now let's try to understand the types of fungi and understand which ones are useful and which ones should be avoided.

candida albicans

It is said that almost 80 percent of the world's population is struggling with this pathogenic yeast-like fungus, which causes various inflammations in the body. Candida, like all yeast, is a single-celled organism that multiplies rapidly in the presence of a large amount of sugar in the diet. This fungus robs the body of many nutrients, including iron and other minerals, making the blood acidic. Against the background of a sweet diet, candida is activated even more. If this process is not stopped in time, then harmful yeast will practically destroy the digestive and immune systems, and deprive you of vitality. And in return, they will cause frequent headaches, eczema, dandruff, dermatitis, hormonal disorders, vaginal infections, stomach diseases and confusion.

Healthy Yeast

But in addition to harmful ones, there are also beneficial ones. Fungi found in probiotic foods are best for the body. They strengthen the immune system and help fight candida. But also not the best sources of this yeast are products that contain sugar.

Found in almost all probiotics, S. boulardii yeast has many health benefits:

• strengthen the immune system, stimulate the production of antibodies;
• protect the body from the harmful effects of antibiotics;
• helps fight candida.

Another two extraordinarily beneficial yeast strains are Kluyveromyces marxianus var. Marxianus and Saccharomyces unisporus. They are contained mainly in kefir sourdough and play the role of a powerful booster for the immune system. Thanks to these components, kefir has been considered one of the best tonic drinks throughout the world for centuries. In ancient times, it was considered the drink of centenarians, and in Turkish its name sounds like "feel good."

Benefit for health

Yeast is a wonderful ingredient that helps maintain or restore health and beauty in a natural way.

They are present in many foods, dietary supplements, and are also part of many cosmetics.

For many decades, yeast has been the focus of researchers who unanimously recognize the extraordinary nutritional qualities and therapeutic properties of this fungus. And all - thanks to the unique biochemical composition of these organisms. For humans, they serve as a source of amino acids, minerals, vitamins, enzymes and many other useful substances necessary for growth, proper metabolism and strengthening the immune system.

Yeast Benefits

These microscopic substances are a source of nutrients and fiber, many types of nutritional yeast contain, which is usually found exclusively in foods of animal origin. In addition, yeast is an excellent source of vegetable proteins, making it an important ingredient in vegetarian dishes. A high concentration of fiber provides a feeling of satiety for a long time. These elements are extremely important for the smooth functioning of the body. They are equally important for humans, animals and even plants.

For plants

The latter, just, are the object of recent research. As it turned out, yeast can act not only as a food additive, but also as a useful natural fertilizer. Some strains contribute to more efficient absorption of useful soils by plants. In addition, they affect the growth of plants. At the same time, they are absolutely safe "fertilizer". Now scientists are trying to develop an effective yeast-based drug against mold in fruits and other diseases - as a safe alternative to chemical drugs.

Food supplement

Perhaps no one will be surprised by the information that yeast is a useful bioactive supplement used by people to treat and prevent a variety of conditions and diseases.

Probiotic

Yeast as probiotics is a very promising solution. So scientists convince and add that the range of impact on humans of these microorganisms is very wide.

For intestinal flora

Scientists have discovered the relationship between yeast and intestinal microflora, in particular, the positive effect of the fungus on the inflamed intestine.

Beneficial features:

• brewer's yeast contains many vitamins and minerals, including chromium, folic acid, biotin and B-vitamins;
• strengthen immunity;
• normalize blood sugar;
• promote the development of beneficial bacteria in the body;
• yeast Torula - source, and;
• baker's yeast strengthens the immune system.

Possible harm to yeast

An unfortunate side effect of taking yeast can be that it feeds not only beneficial bacteria, but also harmful bacteria such as Candida that cause asthma, gout and other diseases. With an exacerbation or occurrence of candidiasis, it is important to exclude all yeast food from the diet for the period of treatment.

Yeast and Allergies

Yeast, as already noted, is a form of fungus. Most often used for baking and brewing. In this case, brewer's and baker's yeast are used. But besides them, there is also the so-called wild yeast, which can be found in fruits, berries (grapes) and grains.

Usually these microorganisms are well tolerated by humans, but there are people who are intolerant. These are people who are allergic to all types of fungi and mold.

Yeast extract

Yeast extract is a food flavoring used in bread, beer, cheese, soy sauce, and some other foods.

To understand how this substance affects the body, you first need to understand what it is in general.

Yeast extract is made by mixing yeast and sugar under warm conditions. And with the subsequent breaking of cell membranes. Such an extract may be in gel or powder form. The use of yeast extract in products may be referred to as "natural flavors" or "additives" on product labels.

You should know that this extract contains the amino acid glutamic acid. This is the natural form of the amino acid and should not be confused with monosodium glutamate, which serves as a flavor enhancer. And although the yeast extract also affects the taste, it acts like a spice. In addition, it contains a high concentration of sodium. And this should be taken into account for people who have problems with blood pressure or those who, for other reasons, should not abuse sodium. In addition, the extract contains a very high concentration of B vitamins.

But despite all the benefits of this substance, it is important for people with food allergies or sensitivity to yeast to avoid products containing yeast extract. The easiest way to do this is to refuse semi-finished products and ready-made food from supermarkets.

Yeast in food

All products for yeast content can be divided into 3 groups. The first is food that contains fungi under any circumstances. In the second group of products, microorganisms are present only under certain conditions. And the third group is food that does not contain this substance.

The first group includes: bakery products, beer, cider, fruit skins (plums, grapes), grape juice, malt drinks, wine, yeast extract.

The second group includes: cakes, donuts, fruits (overripe), chocolate (some types), soy sauce.

The third group includes a huge number of products from different categories. In particular, you can not worry about the presence of yeast in eggs, seafood, various types of meat, raw nuts, beans, brown rice. You can also avoid excess consumption of yeast if you refuse soy sauce during cooking, and replace vinegar with lemon juice.

List of products containing yeast:

• all fermented (vinegar, alcohol, miso, soy sauce, etc.);
• bakery;
• vitamins B;
• beer;
• berries (blackberries, blueberries, grapes, strawberries);
• canned juices;
• cider;
• dried fruits (figs, dried apricots, raisins);
• jams, jellies;
• mushrooms;
• processed meat (sausage, bacon);
• Black tea;
• olives;
• wine.

Cautions

Yeast can interfere with the effectiveness of some medications. It is also important to avoid dietary supplements containing yeast for people who are allergic to the product or prone to yeast infections.

An important note for diabetics: Yeast can lower blood sugar, so it's a good idea to monitor your glucose levels regularly.

How to make your own yeast

Surely, you wondered what yeast is made of and how this process occurs. Now you will learn how to grow these single-celled mushrooms yourself at home.

beer

Method one. Take 1 glass of water and flour, mix and leave for 7 hours. Then supplement the mixture with a small spoonful of sugar and a glass of live beer (has a shelf life of up to 2 weeks). Leave for a couple of hours. Store prepared brewer's yeast in a glass container in the refrigerator.

Method two. In a glass container, mix 200 g of raisins, milk, warm water and a little sugar. Cover the vessel tightly with gauze (fold in 4 layers and tie). Keep in a warm place for 5 days.

With these recipes, you will create a common nutritional yeast that doctors recommend taking for various diseases. This natural product will help with metabolic disorders, lack of B vitamins, digestive diseases, anemia, atherosclerosis, strengthen the body after flu or tonsillitis. By the way, home-made brewer's yeast is similar in its effect to medications containing these fungi, such as gefefitin.

For baking

Perhaps this happened in every housewife. I wanted to bake pies for dinner, but there is no yeast. But this is not a reason to be upset if you know how to make homemade yeast in the form of a sourdough.

Method 1

From 200 g of flour and a small amount of water, knead a lump of dough, roll in flour and leave for a few of it. When the lump dries, hardens and becomes sour, it can be used instead of store-bought yeast.

Method 2

Peel and boil 10 potatoes, which are still hot, rub through a sieve. Add a tablespoon of flour, the same amount of honey and 25 grams of vodka. Leave the mixture for 2 days in heat. When a foam cap forms on the surface, you can use the sourdough for baking (take only foam).

Homemade yeast cosmetics

The fact that yeast is an effective ingredient in many beauty products has long been known. But not many people know that yeast cosmetics are easy to prepare on your own. Don't know how to do it? Read our recipes.

Yeast Body Mask

Dilute a bag of dry yeast in cream and add 4 tablespoons of honey to the mixture. Leave for 20 minutes. Apply to the body and leave for 15-20 minutes. Wash off with warm water. This mask improves blood circulation, tightens pores, makes the skin supple and smooth.

Hair Care Product

In a glass of kefir, dilute a tablespoon of brewer's yeast. Leave the mixture in a warm place for several hours. Apply to hair and keep for about half an hour. This mask will get rid of dandruff.

Yeast for the face

Dilute about a teaspoon of brewer's yeast in a small amount of kefir. After the mixture has been infused a little in a warm place, and acquires the consistency of liquid sour cream, apply to the skin of the face and hold for about 20 minutes. This tool relieves acne, improves complexion, suitable for oily skin.

Interesting facts about yeast:

1. The optimum temperature for yeast growth is 32.2 degrees Celsius, above 38 degrees the yeast will die.
2. Some strains of the fungus clump together after fermentation (usually during brewing).
3. Dry yeast was invented by the Romans (however, as often happened in the history of discoveries of great things, they did not yet understand that it was dry yeast). The ancients put baker's yeast (in dough) in the sun, dried it, and when necessary they revived it with sugar.
4. The flavor of the beer is determined by the yeast.
5. There are more than half a thousand types of yeast.
6. Back in 1200 B.C. e. knew how to bake yeast breads.
7. Hops, whey, various herbs, oranges, grapefruits, honey drink can serve as raw materials for yeast.
8. In laboratory conditions, about 100 tons of yeast milk can be grown in 2 weeks (then pressed, liquid, dry yeast is made from it).

Many people ask the question: "Yeast is fungi or bacteria." And there is nothing strange in this, because until relatively recently, scientists themselves did not know the answer to this question. Today, there are other discussions about how safe it is to take yeast. And again, the answer is banal simple: safe, if in moderation.