natural experiments. Solutions of different densities - interesting details

Remember the MOST IMPORTANT rule during chemical experiments - never lick a spoon ... :). And now seriously...

1. Homemade phone
Take 2 plastic cups (or empty and clean tins without cover). Make a thick cake out of plasticine a little larger than the bottom and place a glass on it. Make a hole in the bottom with a sharp knife. Do the same with the second glass.

Pull one end of the thread (its length should be about 5 meters) through the hole in the bottom and tie a knot.

Repeat the experiment with the second glass. Voila, the phone is ready!

For it to work, you need to pull the thread and not touch other objects (including fingers). Putting a cup to your ear, the baby will be able to hear what you are saying on the other end of the wire, even if you are whispering or talking from different rooms. The cups act as a microphone and speaker in this experiment, and the thread serves as a telephone wire. The sound of your voice travels along a stretched string in the form of longitudinal sound waves.

2. Magic avocado
The essence of the experiment: Stick 4 skewers into the fleshy part of the avocado and place this almost alien structure over a transparent container of water - the sticks will serve as a support for the fruit so that it stays half above the water. Put the container in a secluded place, add water every day and watch what happens. After a while, stems will begin to grow from the bottom of the fruit directly into the water.

3. Unusual flowers
Buy a bunch of white carnations/roses.

The essence of the experiment: Place each carnation in a transparent vase, after making a cut on the stem. After that, add food coloring of a different color to each vase - be patient and very soon the white flowers will turn into unusual shades.

What do we do conclusion? A flower, like any plant, drink water, which goes along the stem throughout the flower through special tubes.

4. Colored bubbles
For this experiment, we will need a plastic bottle, sunflower oil, water, food coloring (paints for Easter eggs).

The essence of the experiment: Fill the bottle with water and sunflower oil in equal proportions, leaving a third of the bottle empty. Add some food coloring and close the lid tightly.

You will be surprised to see that the liquids do not mix - the water stays at the bottom and becomes colored, while the oil rises to the top because its structure is less heavy and dense. Now try shaking our magic bottle - in a few seconds everything will return to normal. And now the final trick - we put it in the freezer and we have one more trick in front of us: oil and water have changed places!

5. Dancing grape
For this experiment, we need a glass of sparkling water and a grape.

The essence of the experiment: Throw a berry into the water and watch what happens next. Grapes are slightly heavier than water, so they will sink to the bottom first. But gas bubbles will immediately form on it. Soon there will be so many of them that the grape will pop up. But on the surface, the bubbles will burst and the gas will escape. The berry will again sink to the bottom and again be covered with gas bubbles, and again emerge. This will continue several times.

6 . Sieve - non-spill
Let's do a simple experiment. Take a sieve and grease it with oil. Then shake, pour water into the sieve so that it flows along the inside of the sieve. And, lo and behold, the sieve will be filled!

Conclusion: Why doesn't water flow out? It is held by a surface film, it was formed due to the fact that the cells that were supposed to let the water through did not get wet. If you run your finger along the bottom and break the film, the water will start to flow out.

7. Salt for creativity
We will need a cup of hot water, salt, thick black paper and a brush.

The essence of the experiment: Add a couple of teaspoons of salt to a cup of hot water and mix the solution with a brush until all the salt is dissolved. Continue adding salt, stirring constantly until crystals form at the bottom of the cup. Paint a picture using the salt solution as paint. Leave the masterpiece overnight in a warm and dry place. When the paper dries, the pattern will appear. The salt molecules did not evaporate and formed crystals, the pattern of which we see.

8. Magic ball
Take a plastic bottle and a balloon.

The essence of the experiment: Put it on the neck and place the bottle in hot water - the balloon will inflate. This happened because the warm air, consisting of molecules, expanded, the pressure increased and the balloon inflated.

9. Volcano at home
We will need baking soda, vinegar and a container for the experiment.

The essence of the experiment: Place a tablespoon of baking soda in a bowl and pour in some vinegar. Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) is alkaline, while vinegar is acidic. When they are together, they form the sodium salt of acetic acid. At the same time, carbon dioxide and water will be released and you will get a real volcano - the action will impress any kid!

10. Spinning Disc
The materials you will need are the simplest: glue, a plastic bottle cap with a spout, a CD and a balloon.

The essence of the experiment: Glue the bottle cap to the CD so that the center of the hole in the cap aligns with the center of the hole in the CD. Let the glue dry, then proceed to the next step: inflate the balloon, twist its “neck” so that the air does not escape and pull the balloon onto the spout of the lid. Place the disk on a flat table and release the ball. The design will "float" on the table. The invisible air cushion acts as a lubricant and reduces friction between the disc and the table.

11. The magic of scarlet flowers
For the experiment, you should cut out a flower with long petals from paper, then use a pencil to twist the petal to the center - make curls. Now dip your flowers into a container of water (basin, soup bowl). Flowers come to life before your eyes and begin to bloom.

What do we do conclusion? The paper gets wet and becomes heavier.

12. Cloud in the bank.

You will need a 3-liter jar, a lid, hot water, ice.

The essence of the experiment: Pour hot water into a three-liter jar (level - 3-4 cm), cover the top of the jar with a lid / baking sheet, put pieces of ice on it.

The warm air inside the jar will begin to cool, condense, and rise up as a cloud. Yes, this is how clouds form.

Why is it raining? Drops in the form of heated steam rise up, they get cold there, they reach for each other, become heavy, large and ... return to their homeland again.

13. Can foil dance?

The essence of the experiment: Cut a piece of foil into thin strips. Then take a comb and comb your hair, then bring the comb close to the strips - and they will begin to move.

Conclusion: Particles fly in the air - electric charges that cannot live without each other, they are attracted to each other, although they are different in character, like “+” and “-”.

14. Where did the smell go?

You will need: a jar with a lid, corn sticks, perfume.

The essence of the experiment: Take a jar, put some perfume on the bottom, put corn sticks on top and close with a tight lid. After 10 minutes, open the jar and smell it. Where has the perfume gone?

Conclusion: The smell was absorbed by the sticks. How did they do it? Due to the porous structure.

15. Dancing Liquid (non-trivial substance)

Prepare the simplest version of this liquid - a mixture of corn (or regular) starch and water in a 2: 1 ratio.

The essence of the experiment: Mix well and start having fun: if you slowly dip your fingers into it, it will be liquid, flowing from your hands, and if you hit it with your fist with all your might, the surface of the liquid will turn into an elastic mass.

Now this mass can be poured onto a baking sheet, put the baking sheet on a subwoofer or speaker and loudly turn on dynamic music (or some kind of vibrating noise).

From the variety of sound waves, the mass will behave differently - somewhere condensed, somewhere not, which is why a lively dancing effect is formed.

Add a few drops of food coloring and you will see how the dancing "worms" are colored in a peculiar way.

16.

17. Smoke without fire

Lay a simple paper napkin on a small saucer, pour a small hill of potassium permanganate on top of it and drop glycerin there. A few seconds later, smoke will appear, and almost immediately you will see a bright blue flash of flame. This occurs when potassium permanganate and glycerin are combined with the release of heat.

18. Can there be fire without matches?

Take a glass and pour some hydrogen peroxide into it. Add a few crystals of potassium permanganate there. Now drop the match in there. With a light pop, the match will burst into a bright flame. This is due to the active release of oxygen. Thus, you can explain to the child in practice why it is impossible to open windows in case of fire. Because of the oxygen, the fire will flare up even more.

19. Potassium permanganate in combination with water from a puddle

Take water from a standing puddle and add a solution of potassium permanganate to it. Instead of the usual purple color, the water will have a yellow tint, this is due to the dead microorganisms in dirty water. In addition, this way the child will more accurately understand why it is necessary to wash hands before eating.

20. Unusual Calcium Gluconate Snakes OR Pharaoh's Serpent

Buy calcium gluconate at the pharmacy. Take the pill carefully with tweezers (attention, the child should never do this on his own!), bring it to the fire. When the decomposition of calcium gluconate begins to occur, the release of calcium oxide, carbon dioxide, carbon and water will begin. And it will look like a black snake will appear from a small white piece.

21. Disappearing Styrofoam in Acetone

Styrofoam refers to gas-filled plastics and many builders who would come into contact at least once with this material know that acetone should not be placed next to the foam. Pour the acetone into a large bowl and start dropping the Styrofoam pieces into it little by little. You can see how the liquid will bubble up and the foam will disappear as if by magic!

22.

Every child has a desire to learn about the world around them. An excellent tool for this is experiments. They will be of interest to both preschoolers and children of primary school age.

Safety rules for home experiments

1. Cover the work surface with paper or polyethylene.

2. During the experiment, do not lean close to avoid damage to the eyes and skin.

3. Use gloves if necessary.

Experience number 1. Dancing raisins and corn

You will need: Raisins, corn kernels, soda, plastic bottle.

Course of the experiment: Soda is poured into the bottle. The raisins go down first, then the corn kernels.

Result: The raisins move up and down with the soda bubbles. But when they reach the surface, the bubbles burst and the grains fall to the bottom.

Let's talk? You can chat about what bubbles are and why they go up. Pay attention that the bubbles are small in size, and can carry along raisins and corn, which are several times larger.

Experience number 2. soft glass

You will need: glass rod, gas burner

The course of the experiment: the rod is heated in the middle. Then it is torn into two halves. A half of the rod is heated by a burner in two places, gently bent into a triangle shape. The second half also heats up, one third is bent, then a ready-made triangle is put on it and the half is bent completely.

Result: the glass rod turned into two triangles linked to each other.

Let's talk? As a result of thermal action, solid glass becomes plastic, viscous. And from it you can make different shapes. What causes glass to become soft? Why does the glass no longer bend after cooling?

Experience number 3. Water rises up the napkin

You will need: a plastic cup, a napkin, water, felt-tip pens

The course of the experiment: the glass is filled with water by 1/3 part. The napkin is folded vertically several times to form a narrow rectangle. Then a piece of about 5 cm wide is cut off from it. This piece must be unfolded to make a long segment. Then step back from the bottom edge about 5-7 cm and start making large dots with each color of the felt-tip pen. A line of colored dots should form.

Then the napkin is placed in a glass of water so that the lower end with the colored line is about 1.5 cm in the water.

Result: water quickly rises up the napkin, painting the entire long piece of napkin with colored stripes.

Let's talk? Why isn't water colorless? How does she get up? The cellulose fibers that make up tissue paper are porous, and water uses them as a way up.

Liked the experience? Then you will also like our special material for children of different ages.

Experience number 4. Rainbow from the water

You will need: a container filled with water (bath, basin), a flashlight, a mirror, a sheet of white paper.

The course of the experiment: a mirror is placed at the bottom of the container. The light of the flashlight is directed to the mirror. The light from it must be caught on paper.

Result: A rainbow will be visible on paper.

Let's talk? Light is the source of color. There are no paints and felt-tip pens to color the water, a sheet or a flashlight, but suddenly a rainbow appears. This is the spectrum of colors. What colors do you know?

Experience number 5. Sweet and colorful

You will need: sugar, multi-colored food paints, 5 glass cups, a tablespoon.

The course of the experiment: a different number of tablespoons of sugar is added to each glass. One spoon in the first glass, two in the second, and so on. The fifth glass remains empty. In the glasses, put in order, pour 3 tablespoons of water and mix. Then a few drops of one paint are added to each glass and mixed. The first is red, the second is yellow, the third is green, and the fourth is blue. In a clean glass with clear water, we begin to add the contents of the glasses, starting with red, then yellow and in order. It must be added very carefully.

Result: 4 multi-colored layers are formed in the glass.

Let's talk? More sugar increases the density of water. Therefore, this layer will be the lowest in the glass. The least sugar is in the red liquid, so it will be on top.

Experience number 6. Figurines made of gelatin

You will need: a glass, a blotter, 10 grams of gelatin, water, animal molds, a plastic bag.

The course of the experiment: pour gelatin into 1/4 cup of water and let it swell. Heat it in a water bath and dissolve (about 50 degrees). Pour the resulting solution onto the bag in an even thin layer and dry. Then cut out animal shapes. Put on a blotter or napkin and breathe on the figures.

Result: The figures will begin to bend.

Let's talk? Breathing moisturizes the gelatin on one side, and because of this, it begins to increase in volume and bend. As an option: take 4-5 grams of gelatin, let it swell and then dissolve, then pour it onto glass and put it in the freezer or take it out to the balcony in winter. After a few days, remove the glass, remove the thawed gelatin. It will have a clear pattern of ice crystals.

Experience number 7. Hairstyle egg

You will need: an egg shell with a conical part, cotton wool, felt-tip pens, water, alfalfa seeds, an empty roll of toilet paper.

The course of the experiment: the shell is installed in the coil in such a way that the conical part is located down. Cotton wool is placed inside, on which alfalfa seeds are poured and watered abundantly. You can draw eyes, nose and mouth on the shell and put it on the sunny side.

Result: after 3 days, the little man will have “hairs”.

Let's talk? Soil is not required for grass to sprout. Sometimes even water is enough for sprouts to appear.

Experience number 8. Draws the sun

You will need: flat small objects (you can cut out figures from foam rubber), a sheet of black paper.

The course of the experiment: in a place where the sun shines brightly, put black paper. Place stencils, figurines, children's molds loosely on the sheets.

Result: When the sun sets, you can remove objects and see the prints of the sun.

Let's talk? Under the influence of sunlight, the black color fades. Why is the paper dark in places of the figures?

Experience number 10. color in milk

You will need: milk, food coloring, cotton swab, dishwashing detergent.

The course of the experiment: a little food coloring is poured into milk. After a short wait, the milk begins to move. Patterns, stripes, swirling lines are obtained. You can add a different color, blow on milk. Then the cotton swab is dipped in dishwashing detergent and lowered into the center of the plate. Dyes begin to move more intensively, mix, forming circles.

Result: various patterns, spirals, circles, spots are formed in the plate.

Let's talk? Milk is made up of fat molecules. When the agent appears, the molecules are broken, which leads to their rapid movement. Therefore, dyes are mixed.

Experience number 10. Waves in a bottle

You will need: sunflower oil, water, a bottle, food coloring.

The course of the experiment: water is poured into the bottle (a little more than half) and mixed with the dye. Then ¼ cup vegetable oil is added. The bottle is carefully twisted and placed on its side so that the oil rises to the surface. We begin to swing the bottle back and forth, thereby forming waves.

Result: waves form on an oily surface, like on the sea.

Let's talk? The density of oil is less than the density of water. Therefore, it is on the surface. Waves are the top layer of water moving due to the direction of the wind. The lower layers of water remain motionless.

Experience number 11. colored drops

You will need: a container of water, mixing containers, BF glue, toothpicks, acrylic paints.

The course of the experiment: BF glue is squeezed out into a container. A specific dye is added to each container. And then alternately placed in the water.

Result: Colored droplets are attracted to each other, forming multi-colored islands.

Let's talk? Liquids of the same density attract while liquids of different densities repel each other.

Experience number 12. We draw with a magnet

You will need: magnets of various shapes, iron filings, a sheet of paper, a paper cup.

The course of the experiment: place the sawdust in a glass. Put the magnets on the table and cover each with a sheet of paper. A thin layer of sawdust is poured onto the paper.

Result: Lines and patterns form around the magnets.

Let's talk? Every magnet has a magnetic field. This is a space in which metal objects move as the attraction of a magnet dictates. A circle is formed near a round magnet, since its field of attraction is the same everywhere. Why does a rectangular magnet have a different sawdust pattern?

Experience number 13. lava lamp

You will need: Two glasses, two effervescent aspirin tablets, sunflower oil, two types of juice.

The course of the experiment: glasses are filled with juice by about 2/3. Then sunflower oil is added so that three centimeters remain to the edge of the glass. An aspirin tablet is thrown into each glass.

Result: the contents of the glasses will begin to hiss, boil, foam will rise.

Let's talk? What reaction does aspirin cause? Why? Do layers of juice and oil mix? Why?

Experience number 14. The box is rolling

You will need: a shoe box, a ruler, 10 round felt-tip pens, scissors, a ruler, a balloon.

Experience: a square hole is cut in the smaller side of the box. The ball is placed in the box so that its hole can be pulled out of the square a little. You need to inflate the balloon and pinch the hole with your fingers. Then put all the markers under the box and release the ball.

Result: As long as the balloon is deflated, the box will move. When all the air is out, the box will drive a little more and stop.

Let's talk? Objects change the state of rest or, as in our case, uniform motion in a straight line, if a force begins to act on them. And the desire to preserve the previous state, before the impact of force, is inertia. What role does the ball play? What force prevents the box from moving forward? (friction force)

Experience number 15. false mirror

You will need: mirror, pencil, four books, paper.

The course of the experiment: books are stacked, and a mirror is leaning against them. Paper is placed under its edge. The left hand is placed in front of a piece of paper. The chin is placed on the hand so that one can only look in the mirror, but not at the sheet. Looking in the mirror, write your name on the paper. Now look at the paper.

Result: almost all letters are upside down, except for symmetrical ones.

Let's talk? The mirror changes the image. That's why they say "mirror image". So you can come up with your own, unusual cipher.

Experience No. 16. living mirror

You will need: a straight transparent glass, a small mirror, adhesive tape

The course of the experiment: the glass is attached to the mirror with adhesive tape. It is filled with water to the brim. You need to bring your face closer to the glass.

Result: The image is reduced. If you tilt your head to the right, you can see in the mirror how it leans to the left.

Let's talk? Water refracts the image, and the mirror slightly distorts.

Experience No. 17. flame imprint

You will need: a tin can, a candle, a sheet of paper.

The course of the experiment: the jar must be tightly wrapped with a piece of paper and kept in a candle flame for several seconds.

Result: removing a sheet of paper, you can see an imprint on it in the form of a candle flame.

Let's talk? The paper is tightly pressed to the bank and does not have access to oxygen, which means it does not burn.

Experience number 18. silver egg

You will need: wire, a container of water, matches, a candle, a boiled egg.

The course of the experiment: a stand is created from the wire. The boiled egg is peeled, mounted on a wire, and a candle is placed under it. The egg is evenly turned until it is smoked. Then it is removed from the wire and lowered into the water.

Result: After a while, the top layer peels off and the egg becomes silvery.

Let's talk? What changed the color of the egg? What did it become? Let's cut it open and see what it's like inside.

Experience No. 19. saving spoon

You will need: Teaspoon, glass mug with handle, twine.

The course of the experiment: one end of the string is tied to a spoon, the other end to the handle of the mug. The twine is thrown over the index finger so that there is a spoon on one side and a mug on the other, and is released.

Result: The glass will not fall, the spoon, rising up, will remain near the finger.

Let's talk? The momentum of the teaspoon keeps the mug from falling.

Experience number 20. painted flowers

You will need: flowers with white petals, water containers, a knife, water, food coloring.

The course of the experiment: you need to fill the containers with water and add a certain dye to each. One flower should be set aside, and the rest should be cut off the stems with a sharp knife. This should be done in warm water, obliquely at an angle of 45 degrees, by 2 cm. When moving flowers in containers with dyes, you need to pinch the cut with your finger so that air pockets do not form. After placing the flowers in containers with dyes, you need to take the postponed flowers. Cut its stem lengthwise into two parts to the center. Place one part of the stem in a red container, and the other in a blue or green container.

Result: water will rise up the stems and color the petals in different colors. This will happen in about a day.

Let's talk? Examine each part of the flower to see how the water rose. Are the stem and leaves painted? How long will the color last?

We wish you an exciting pastime and new knowledge while conducting experiments for children!

Experiments were collected by Tamara Gerasimovich

Doing chemistry experiments at home is very exciting. You can feel like a little experimenter, a little pioneer, a little magician.

Here pink and transparent solutions are mixed, the result is green. A cloud flew into the bottle on the windowsill. When heated, a mysterious message appears on a clean sheet, and snakes crawled out of the burning sand. You say that this is impossible and without magic it could not have done? But all these phenomena are based on chemical laws. And for their implementation, you will need "reagents" that everyone has at home, or they can be purchased at a regular pharmacy.

Buy chemical experiments for children

Now in the department for schoolchildren you can see kits for a young chemist. This kit contains materials for 3-5 experiments. It's interesting, it's exciting and spectacular. In addition, a child who sets up an experiment with his own hands and examines the result will find it easier to understand what the teacher is talking about in a chemistry lesson. The only negative is that these kits are not cheap. But many experiments can be done by looking for reagents at home.

Chemical experiments for children at home: "A cloud in a bottle"

Pour 1 tbsp into a clear plastic bottle. l. alcohol (can be replaced with water, but the reaction will be less active). Twist the bottle so that the alcohol spreads along the walls. Start pumping air into the bottle with the pump (20 pumps is enough). Remove the pump, the bottle has become cold and a cloud will appear in it.

Explanation.

Water molecules, evaporating (alcohol evaporates faster), hover in the air. In the experiment, "water" evaporated from the walls. As the pressure in the bottle increases, the molecules collide and contract. With a sharp drop in pressure, the air temperature drops sharply. This causes the "water" molecules to stick together or condense in the air into small droplets - clouds.

Chemical experiments for children video

Chemical experiments for children games: "Spy"

Who in childhood did not dream of having a pen with invisible ink, when what is written comes through only with a special impact, and an outsider sees only a blank sheet? Such ink can be made in at least 2 ways.

Method 1. Dip the brush in milk (or soda solution) and start writing a message on white paper. After the milk dries, the leaf will become clean again. But if you iron it with an iron, the image will be visible on it.

Explanation.

The ink begins to show when exposed to heat. The combustion temperature of milk is much lower than that of paper. And when the milk "burns", the paper remains white.

Method 2. Lemon juice or thick rice water is used instead of milk. And the role of the developer is water with a few drops of iodine.

Chemical experiments for children at home "Egg Ball"

Put a raw egg (preferably with a brown shell) in a glass jar and pour over the vinegar. After a few hours, the shell will begin to "bubble". After 7-8 hours, the shell will dissolve and the egg will turn white. Leave the egg in the solution for a week.

Remove the egg from the solution after 7 days. The vinegar stays clear and the egg looks like a rubber ball. If you go into a dark room with an egg and shine a flashlight on it, it will begin to reflect light. And if you bring the light source closer, then the egg will be enlightened through.

Explanation.

The main component of the eggshell is calcium carbonate. Vinegar dissolves calcium. This process is called decalcification. The shell first becomes soft, and after a while it disappears.

Chemical experiments for children at home video

Chemical experiments at home for children "Volcano Eruption"

Take the Mentos out of the package. Place a bottle half-full of cola on the floor. Quickly pour Mentos into a bottle and run away, otherwise it will foam.

Explanation.

The rough surface of candy is where carbon dioxide is released. The reaction is enhanced by Asparam (a sweetener in cola), which reduces the surface tension of water, and therefore facilitates the release of CO2, sodium benzoate, caffeine; gelatin, gum arabic in dragee.

Think next time, maybe you should not drink delicious cola, so as not to provoke a similar reaction in your stomach?

Chemical experiments for children animation: "Crawling snakes"

The biblical legend says that Moses, arguing with the pharaoh, could not convince him and threw his staff on the ground, turning him into a snake. Now scientists have come to the conclusion that it was not a snake, but a chemical reaction.

Sulfanilamide snake.

Attach a streptocide tablet to a wire and heat over an open fire. Snakes will start to crawl out of the medicine. If you pick up one of them with tweezers, the snake will be long.

Explanation.

Any sulfanilamide tablet (sulgin, etazol, sulfadimethoxine, sulfadimezin, biseptol, fthalazol) is suitable for the experiment. During the heating of the preparation, rapid oxidation occurs in it with the release of gaseous substances (hydrogen sulfide and water vapor). The gas swells the mass and forms a "snake".

"Sweet" viper.

Pour 100 gr. sifted sand and soak it with 95% alcohol. Form a hill with a "crater" in the middle. Mix 1 teaspoon of icing sugar and ¼ teaspoon of baking soda and pour into a depression in the sand.

Ignite the alcohol (it takes several minutes to ignite). Black balls will begin to appear on the surface, black liquid will accumulate below. When the alcohol burns out, the mixture will turn black and a black snake will begin to crawl out of it, wriggling.

Explanation.

When soda decomposes and alcohol burns, carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor are released. Gases swell the mass, provoking it to crawl. The body of a snake is made up of small particles of coal mixed with sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), which is formed when sugar is burned).

A small child is not only a perpetual motion machine and a jumper, but also a brilliant inventor and endless why. Although children's curiosity gives parents a lot of worries, it is very useful in itself - after all, this is the key to the development of the baby. Learning something new is useful not only in the form of lessons, but also in the form of games or experiments. It is about them that we will talk today. Simple physical and chemical experiments do not require special knowledge, special training or expensive materials. They can be held in the kitchen to surprise, entertain a child, open up a whole world in front of him, or simply cheer up. Virtually any experience a child can prepare and put on their own in your presence. However, in some of the experiments, it is better to make mom or dad the main character.

Explosion of color in milk

What could be more amazing than the transformation of a familiar thing into an unusual one, when white, familiar to everyone, milk becomes multi-colored?

You will need: whole milk (required!), food coloring in different colors, any liquid detergent, cotton swabs, a plate.
Work plan:

1. Pour milk into a bowl.
2. Add a few drops of each dye to it. Try to do this carefully so as not to move the plate itself.
3. Take a cotton swab, dip it in the product and touch it to the very center of the plate of milk.
4. The milk will move and the colors will mix. A real explosion of color in a bowl!

Explanation of experience: Milk is made up of different types of molecules: fats, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. When a detergent is added to milk, several processes occur simultaneously. First, the detergent reduces surface tension, and due to this, food colors begin to move freely over the entire surface of the milk. But most importantly, the detergent reacts with the fat molecules in the milk and sets them in motion. That is why skimmed milk is not suitable for this experiment.

Growing crystals

Everyone knows this experience since childhood - obtaining crystals from salt water. You can, of course, do this with a solution of copper sulfate, but the children's version is simple table salt.


The essence of the experiment is simple - in a saline solution (18 tablespoons of salt per half liter of water) we lower a colored thread and wait for crystals to grow on it. It will be very interesting. Especially if you take a woolen thread or replace it with an intricate bristle wire.

The potato becomes a submarine

Has your child already learned how to peel and cut potatoes? Can't you surprise him with this gray-brown tuber anymore? Of course you will be surprised! You need to turn a potato into a submarine!
To do this, we need one potato tuber, a liter jar and edible salt. Pour half a can of water and lower the potato. She will drown. Add a saturated salt solution to the jar. The potatoes will float. If you want it to plunge into the water again, then just add water to the jar. Why not a submarine?
Solution: Potatoes sink because it is heavier than water. Compared to a salt solution, it is lighter, and therefore floats to the surface.

Lemon battery

It’s good to spend this experience with dad so that he explains in more detail where the electricity comes from in a lemon?

We will need:

• Lemon, thoroughly washed and wiped dry.
• Two pieces of insulated copper wire approximately 0.2-0.5 mm thick and 10 cm long.
• Steel paper clip.
• Bulb from a flashlight.

Conducting experience: first of all, we clean the opposite ends of both wires at a distance of 2-3 cm. Insert a paper clip into the lemon, fasten the end of one of the wires to it. We stick the end of the second wire into the lemon 1-1.5 cm from the paper clip. To do this, first pierce the lemon in this place with a needle. Take the two free ends of the wires and attach the bulbs to the contacts.
What happened? The light bulb is on!

A glass of laughter

Do you urgently need to cook soup, and the child hangs on his feet and pulls into the nursery? This experience will keep him distracted for a few minutes!
We only need a glass with thin, even walls, filled to the top with water.
Conducting experience: take a glass in your hand and bring it to your eyes. Look through it at the fingers of the other hand. What happened?
In the glass you will see very long and thin fingers without a hand. Turn your hand with your fingers up, and they will turn into funny shorties. Move the glass away from the eyes, and the whole brush will appear in the glass, but small and on the side, as if you moved your hand.
Look with your child at each other through a glass - and you don’t have to go to the laughter room.

Water flows up the napkin

This is a very beautiful experience ideal for girls. We need to take a napkin, cut out a strip, draw lines of different colors with dots. Then we dip the napkin into a glass with a small amount of water and watch with admiration how the water rises and the dotted lines turn into solid ones.

Miracle rocket from a tea bag

This elementary focus experience is a "bomb" for any child. If you are already tired of looking for ingenious entertainment for children, this is what you need!


Carefully open an ordinary tea bag, stand it upright and set it on fire. The bag will burn to the end, fly high into the air and circle above you. This simple experiment usually causes a storm of enthusiasm among both adults and children. And the reason for this phenomenon is the same, which makes sparks fly from the fire. During combustion, a stream of warm air is created, which pushes the ash up. If you set fire to and extinguish the bag gradually, no flight will work. By the way, the bag will not always take off if the air temperature in the room is high enough.

live fish

Another simple experience that can pleasantly surprise not only children, but also girlfriends.
Cut out a fish from thick paper. In the middle of the fish there is a round hole A, which is connected to the tail by a narrow channel AB.

Pour water into a basin and place the fish on the water so that the bottom side of it is completely moistened, and the top remains completely dry. It is convenient to do this with a fork: putting the fish on the fork, carefully lower it into the water, and sink the fork deeper and pull it out.
Now you need to drop a large drop of oil into hole A. It is best to use an oil can from a bicycle or a sewing machine for this. If there is no oiler, you can draw machine or vegetable oil into a pipette or a cocktail tube: lower the tube with one end into the oil by 2-3 mm. Then cover the upper end with your finger and transfer the straw to the fish. Holding the lower end exactly over the hole, release your finger. The oil will flow straight into the hole.
In an effort to spill over the surface of the water, the oil will flow through channel AB. The fish will not let him spread in other directions. What do you think the fish will do under the action of the oil flowing back? It is clear: she will swim forward!

Focus "conspiracy of water"

Every child thinks that his mother is a magician! And in order to prolong this fairy tale longer, you sometimes need to reinforce your magical nature with real "magic".
Get a jar with a tight-fitting lid. Paint the inside of the lid with red watercolor paint. Pour water into a jar and screw on the lid. At the time of the demonstration, do not turn the jar towards small viewers so that the inside of the lid is visible. Say the plot out loud: "Just like in a fairy tale, turn the water red." With these words, shake the jar of water. The water will wash away the watercolor layer of paint and turn red.

density tower

Such an experiment is suitable for older children, or attentive, assiduous kids.
In this experiment, objects will hang in the thickness of the liquid.
We will need:

• a tall, narrow glass container, such as an empty, clean 0.5-liter jar of canned olives or mushrooms
• 1/4 cup (65 ml) corn syrup or honey
• food coloring of any color
• 1/4 cup tap water
• 1/4 cup vegetable oil
• 1/4 cup medical alcohol
• various small objects, e.g. a cork, a grape, a nut, a piece of dry pasta, a rubber ball, a cherry tomato, a small plastic toy, a metal screw

Preparation:

• Carefully pour honey into the vessel, so that it occupies 1/4 of the volume.
• Dissolve a few drops of food coloring in water. Pour water into the vessel halfway. Please note: when adding each liquid, pour very carefully so that it does not mix with the bottom layer.
• Slowly pour the same amount of vegetable oil into the vessel.
• Fill the vessel to the top with alcohol.

Let's start the science magic:

• Announce to the audience that you will now make various objects float. You may be told that it is easy. Then explain to them that you will make different objects float in liquids at different levels.
• One at a time, carefully lower the small items into the vessel.
• Let the audience see for themselves what happened.

Result: different objects will float in the thickness of the liquid at different levels. Some will "hang" right in the middle of the vessel.
Explanation: This trick is based on the ability of various substances to sink or float depending on their density. Substances with a lower density float on the surface of denser substances.
The alcohol remains on the surface of the vegetable oil because the density of the alcohol is less than the density of the oil. Vegetable oil remains on the surface of the water because the density of the oil is less than the density of water. Water, on the other hand, is less dense than honey or corn syrup, so it stays on the surface of these liquids. When you drop objects into a vessel, they float or sink depending on their density and the density of the liquid layers. The screw has a higher density than any of the liquids in the vessel, so it will fall to the very bottom. The density of pasta is higher than the density of alcohol, vegetable oil and water, but lower than the density of honey, so it will float on the surface of the honey layer. The rubber ball has the smallest density, lower than any of the liquids, so it will float on the surface of the topmost, alcohol layer.

Submarine from grapes

Another trick for sea adventure lovers!


Grab a glass of fresh sparkling water or lemonade and toss a grape into it. It is slightly heavier than water and will sink to the bottom. But gas bubbles, similar to small balloons, will immediately begin to sit on it. Soon there will be so many of them that the grape will pop up. But on the surface, the bubbles will burst and the gas will escape. The heavy grape will again sink to the bottom. Here it will again be covered with gas bubbles and rise again. This will continue several times until the water "exhales". According to this principle, a real boat floats up and rises. And the fish have a swim bladder. When she needs to dive, the muscles contract, squeezing the bubble. Its volume decreases, the fish goes down. And you need to get up - the muscles relax, dissolve the bubble. It increases and the fish floats up.

lotus flowers

Another experiment from the series "for girls".
Cut flowers with long petals from colored paper. Using a pencil, twist the petals towards the center. And now lower the multi-colored lotuses into the water poured into the basin. Literally before your eyes, the flower petals will begin to bloom. This is because the paper gets wet, becomes gradually heavier and the petals open.

Where did the ink go?

You can put the following trick in the piggy bank of the magical mother.
Drop ink or ink into a bottle of water to make the solution a pale blue. Put a tablet of crushed activated charcoal there. Close the mouth with your finger and shake the mixture. She brightens up before her eyes. The fact is that coal absorbs dye molecules with its surface and it is no longer visible.

"Stop, hands up!"

And this experience is again for the boys - explosive and playful fidgets!
Take a small plastic jar for medicines, vitamins, etc. Pour some water into it, put any effervescent tablet and close it with a lid (non-screw).
Put it on the table, turning it upside down, and wait. The gas released during the chemical reaction of the tablet and water will push the bottle out, there will be a "roar" and the bottle will be thrown up.

Secret letter

Each of us dreamed at least once in our lives to become a detective or a secret agent. It's so exciting - to solve riddles, look for traces and see the invisible.


Let the child make a drawing or inscription on a blank sheet of white paper with milk, lemon juice or table vinegar. Then heat up a sheet of paper (preferably over a device without open flame) and you will see how the invisible turns into the visible. The impromptu ink will boil, the letters will darken, and the secret letter will be readable.

Scattering toothpicks

If there is nothing to do in the kitchen, and only toothpicks are available from the available toys, then we will easily put them into action!

To conduct the experiment, you will need: a bowl of water, 8 wooden toothpicks, a pipette, a piece of refined sugar (not instant), dishwashing liquid.
1. We have toothpicks with rays in a bowl of water.
2. Gently lower a piece of sugar into the center of the bowl - the toothpicks will begin to gather towards the center.
3. Remove the sugar with a teaspoon and drop a few drops of dishwashing liquid into the center of the bowl with a pipette - the toothpicks will “scatter”!
What is going on? The sugar sucks up the water, creating a movement that moves the toothpicks toward the center. Soap, spreading over the water, drags particles of water with it, and they cause the toothpicks to scatter. Explain to the children that you showed them a trick, and all tricks are based on certain natural physical phenomena that they will study in school.

vanishing coin

And this trick can be taught to any child over 5 years old, let him show it to his friends!
Props:

• 1 liter glass jar with lid
• tap water
• coin
• assistant

Preparation:

• Pour water into the jar and close the lid.
• Give your assistant a coin so that he can make sure that this is really the most common coin and there is no catch in it.
• Have him put the coin on the table. Ask him: "Do you see the coin?" (Of course, he will answer yes.)
• Put a jar of water on the coin.
• Say magic words, for example: "Here is a magic coin, here it was, but now it's not there."
• Have your helper look through the water on the side of the jar and say if he sees the coin now? What will he answer?

Tips for a learned wizard:
You can make this trick even more effective. After your assistant can't see the coin, you can make it reappear. Say other magic words, for example: "As the coin fell, so it appeared." Now remove the jar and the coin will be back in place.
Result: When you place a jar of water on a coin, the coin appears to have disappeared. Your assistant will not see it.

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There are very simple experiences that children remember for a lifetime. The guys may not fully understand why this is all happening, but when time passes and they find themselves in a lesson in physics or chemistry, a very clear example will surely pop up in their memory.

website collected 7 interesting experiments that children will remember. Everything you need for these experiments is at your fingertips.

refractory ball

It will take: 2 balls, candle, matches, water.

Experience: Inflate a balloon and hold it over a lighted candle to show the children that the balloon will burst from fire. Then pour plain tap water into the second ball, tie it up and bring it to the candle again. It turns out that with water the ball can easily withstand the flame of a candle.

Explanation: The water in the balloon absorbs the heat generated by the candle. Therefore, the ball itself will not burn and, therefore, will not burst.

Pencils

You will need: plastic bag, pencils, water.

Experience: Pour water halfway into a plastic bag. We pierce the bag through with a pencil in the place where it is filled with water.

Explanation: If you pierce a plastic bag and then pour water into it, it will pour out through the holes. But if you first fill the bag halfway with water and then pierce it with a sharp object so that the object remains stuck in the bag, then almost no water will flow out through these holes. This is due to the fact that when polyethylene breaks, its molecules are attracted closer to each other. In our case, the polyethylene is pulled around the pencils.

Non-popping ball

You will need: balloon, wooden skewer and some dishwashing liquid.

Experience: Lubricate the top and bottom with the product and pierce the ball, starting from the bottom.

Explanation: The secret of this trick is simple. In order to save the ball, you need to pierce it at the points of least tension, and they are located at the bottom and at the top of the ball.

Cauliflower

It will take: 4 cups of water, food coloring, cabbage leaves or white flowers.

Experience: Add food coloring of any color to each glass and put one leaf or flower into the water. Leave them overnight. In the morning you will see that they have turned into different colors.

Explanation: Plants absorb water and thus nourish their flowers and leaves. This is due to the capillary effect, in which the water itself tends to fill the thin tubes inside the plants. This is how flowers, grass, and large trees feed. By sucking in tinted water, they change their color.

floating egg

It will take: 2 eggs, 2 glasses of water, salt.

Experience: Gently place the egg in a glass of plain clean water. As expected, it will sink to the bottom (if not, the egg may be rotten and should not be returned to the refrigerator). Pour warm water into the second glass and stir 4-5 tablespoons of salt in it. For the purity of the experiment, you can wait until the water cools down. Then dip the second egg into the water. It will float near the surface.

Explanation: It's all about density. The average density of an egg is much greater than that of plain water, so the egg sinks down. And the density of the saline solution is higher, and therefore the egg rises.

crystal lollipops

It will take: 2 cups water, 5 cups sugar, wooden sticks for mini skewers, thick paper, transparent glasses, saucepan, food coloring.

Experience: In a quarter cup of water, boil sugar syrup with a couple of tablespoons of sugar. Sprinkle some sugar on paper. Then you need to dip the stick in syrup and collect the sugar with it. Next, distribute them evenly on a stick.

Leave the sticks to dry overnight. In the morning, dissolve 5 cups of sugar in 2 cups of water on fire. You can leave the syrup to cool for 15 minutes, but it should not cool down much, otherwise the crystals will not grow. Then pour it into jars and add different food colors. Lower the prepared sticks into a jar of syrup so that they do not touch the walls and bottom of the jar, a clothespin will help with this.

Explanation: As the water cools, the solubility of sugar decreases, and it begins to precipitate and settle on the walls of the vessel and on your stick with a seed of sugar grains.

lit match

Need: Matches, flashlight.

Experience: Light a match and hold it at a distance of 10-15 centimeters from the wall. Shine a flashlight on the match and you will see that only your hand and the match itself are reflected on the wall. It would seem obvious, but I never thought about it.

Explanation: Fire does not cast shadows, as it does not prevent light from passing through it.