Card file “Experiments in the kitchen with a child. Home Einstein: entertaining experiments in the kitchen

A small child is not only a perpetual motion machine and a jumper, but also a brilliant inventor and endless why. Although children's curiosity gives parents a lot of worries, it is very useful in itself - after all, this is the key to the development of the baby. Learning something new is useful not only in the form of lessons, but also in the form of games or experiments. It is about them that we will talk today. Simple physical and chemical experiments do not require special knowledge, special training or expensive materials. They can be held in the kitchen to surprise, entertain a child, open up a whole world in front of him, or simply cheer up. Virtually any experience a child can prepare and put on their own in your presence. However, in some of the experiments, it is better to make mom or dad the main character.

Explosion of color in milk

What could be more amazing than the transformation of a familiar thing into an unusual one, when white, familiar to everyone, milk becomes multi-colored?

You will need: whole milk (required!), food coloring in different colors, any liquid detergent, cotton swabs, a plate.
Work plan:

Pour milk into a bowl.
Add a few drops of each dye to it. Try to do this carefully so as not to move the plate itself.
Take a cotton swab, dip it in the product and touch it to the very center of the plate of milk.
The milk will move and the colors will mix. A real explosion of color in a bowl!

Explanation of experience: Milk is made up of different types of molecules: fats, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. When a detergent is added to milk, several processes occur simultaneously. First, the detergent reduces surface tension, and due to this, food colors begin to move freely over the entire surface of the milk. But most importantly, the detergent reacts with the fat molecules in the milk and sets them in motion. That is why skimmed milk is not suitable for this experiment.

Growing crystals

Everyone knows this experience since childhood - obtaining crystals from salt water. You can, of course, do this with a solution of copper sulfate, but the children's version is simple table salt.

The essence of the experiment is simple - in a saline solution (18 tablespoons of salt per half liter of water) we lower a colored thread and wait for crystals to grow on it. It will be very interesting. Especially if you take a woolen thread or replace it with an intricate bristle wire.

The potato becomes a submarine

Has your child already learned how to peel and cut potatoes? Can't you surprise him with this gray-brown tuber anymore? Of course you will be surprised! You need to turn a potato into a submarine!
To do this, we need one potato tuber, a liter jar and edible salt. Pour half a can of water and lower the potato. She will drown. Add a saturated salt solution to the jar. The potatoes will float. If you want it to plunge into the water again, then just add water to the jar. Why not a submarine?
Solution: Potatoes sink because it is heavier than water. Compared to a salt solution, it is lighter, and therefore floats to the surface.

Lemon battery

It’s good to spend this experience with dad so that he explains in more detail where the electricity comes from in a lemon?

We will need:

Lemon, thoroughly washed and wiped dry.
Two pieces of insulated copper wire approximately 0.2-0.5 mm thick and 10 cm long.
Steel paper clip.
Bulb from a flashlight.

Conducting experience: first of all, we clean the opposite ends of both wires at a distance of 2-3 cm. Insert a paper clip into the lemon, fasten the end of one of the wires to it. We stick the end of the second wire into the lemon 1-1.5 cm from the paper clip. To do this, first pierce the lemon in this place with a needle. Take the two free ends of the wires and attach the bulbs to the contacts.
What happened? The light bulb is on!

A glass of laughter

Do you urgently need to cook soup, and the child hangs on his feet and pulls into the nursery? This experience will keep him distracted for a few minutes!
We only need a glass with thin, even walls, filled to the top with water.
Conducting experience: take a glass in your hand and bring it to your eyes. Look through it at the fingers of the other hand. What happened?
In the glass you will see very long and thin fingers without a hand. Turn your hand with your fingers up, and they will turn into funny shorties. Move the glass away from the eyes, and the whole brush will appear in the glass, but small and on the side, as if you moved your hand.
Look with your child at each other through a glass - and you don’t have to go to the laughter room.

Water flows up the napkin

This is a very beautiful experience ideal for girls. We need to take a napkin, cut out a strip, draw lines of different colors with dots. Then we dip the napkin into a glass with a small amount of water and watch with admiration how the water rises and the dotted lines turn into solid ones.

Miracle rocket from a tea bag

This elementary focus experience is a "bomb" for any child. If you are already tired of looking for ingenious entertainment for children, this is what you need!

Carefully open an ordinary tea bag, stand it upright and set it on fire. The bag will burn to the end, fly high into the air and circle above you. This simple experiment usually causes a storm of enthusiasm among both adults and children. And the reason for this phenomenon is the same, which makes sparks fly from the fire. During combustion, a stream of warm air is created, which pushes the ash up. If you set fire to and extinguish the bag gradually, no flight will work. By the way, the bag will not always take off if the air temperature in the room is high enough.

live fish

Another simple experience that can pleasantly surprise not only children, but also girlfriends.
Cut out a fish from thick paper. In the middle of the fish there is a round hole A, which is connected to the tail by a narrow channel AB.

Pour water into a basin and place the fish on the water so that the bottom side of it is completely moistened, and the top remains completely dry. It is convenient to do this with a fork: putting the fish on the fork, carefully lower it into the water, and sink the fork deeper and pull it out.
Now you need to drop a large drop of oil into hole A. It is best to use an oil can from a bicycle or a sewing machine for this. If there is no oiler, you can draw machine or vegetable oil into a pipette or a cocktail tube: lower the tube with one end into the oil by 2-3 mm. Then cover the upper end with your finger and transfer the straw to the fish. Holding the lower end exactly over the hole, release your finger. The oil will flow straight into the hole.
In an effort to spill over the surface of the water, the oil will flow through channel AB. The fish will not let him spread in other directions. What do you think the fish will do under the action of the oil flowing back? It is clear: she will swim forward!

Focus "conspiracy of water"

Every child thinks that his mother is a magician! And in order to prolong this fairy tale longer, you sometimes need to reinforce your magical nature with real "magic".
Get a jar with a tight-fitting lid. Paint the inside of the lid with red watercolor paint. Pour water into a jar and screw on the lid. At the time of the demonstration, do not turn the jar towards small viewers so that the inside of the lid is visible. Say the plot out loud: "Just like in a fairy tale, turn the water red." With these words, shake the jar of water. The water will wash away the watercolor layer of paint and turn red.

density tower

Such an experiment is suitable for older children, or attentive, assiduous kids.
In this experiment, objects will hang in the thickness of the liquid.
We will need:

a tall, narrow glass container, such as an empty, clean 0.5-liter jar of canned olives or mushrooms
1/4 cup (65 ml) corn syrup or honey
food coloring of any color
1/4 cup tap water
1/4 cup vegetable oil
1/4 cup medical alcohol
various small objects, e.g. a cork, a grape, a nut, a piece of dry pasta, a rubber ball, a cherry tomato, a small plastic toy, a metal screw

Preparation:

Carefully pour honey into the vessel, so that it occupies 1/4 of the volume.
Dissolve a few drops of food coloring in water. Pour water into the vessel halfway. Please note: when adding each liquid, pour very carefully so that it does not mix with the bottom layer.
Slowly pour the same amount of vegetable oil into the vessel.
Fill the vessel to the top with alcohol.

Let's start the science magic:

Announce to the audience that you will now make various objects float. You may be told that it is easy. Then explain to them that you will make different objects float in liquids at different levels.
One at a time, carefully lower the small items into the vessel.
Let the audience see for themselves what happened.

Result: different objects will float in the thickness of the liquid at different levels. Some will "hang" right in the middle of the vessel.
Explanation: This trick is based on the ability of various substances to sink or float depending on their density. Substances with a lower density float on the surface of denser substances.
The alcohol remains on the surface of the vegetable oil because the density of the alcohol is less than the density of the oil. Vegetable oil remains on the surface of the water because the density of the oil is less than the density of water. Water, on the other hand, is less dense than honey or corn syrup, so it stays on the surface of these liquids. When you drop objects into a vessel, they float or sink depending on their density and the density of the liquid layers. The screw has a higher density than any of the liquids in the vessel, so it will fall to the very bottom. The density of pasta is higher than the density of alcohol, vegetable oil and water, but lower than the density of honey, so it will float on the surface of the honey layer. The rubber ball has the smallest density, lower than any of the liquids, so it will float on the surface of the topmost, alcohol layer.

Submarine from grapes

Another trick for sea adventure lovers!

Grab a glass of fresh sparkling water or lemonade and toss a grape into it. It is slightly heavier than water and will sink to the bottom. But gas bubbles, similar to small balloons, will immediately begin to sit on it. Soon there will be so many of them that the grape will pop up. But on the surface, the bubbles will burst and the gas will escape. The heavy grape will again sink to the bottom. Here it will again be covered with gas bubbles and rise again. This will continue several times until the water "exhales". According to this principle, a real boat floats up and rises. And the fish have a swim bladder. When she needs to dive, the muscles contract, squeezing the bubble. Its volume decreases, the fish goes down. And you need to get up - the muscles relax, dissolve the bubble. It increases and the fish floats up.

lotus flowers

Another experiment from the series "for girls".
Cut flowers with long petals from colored paper. Using a pencil, twist the petals towards the center. And now lower the multi-colored lotuses into the water poured into the basin. Literally before your eyes, the flower petals will begin to bloom. This is because the paper gets wet, becomes gradually heavier and the petals open.

Where did the ink go?

You can put the following trick in the piggy bank of the magical mother.
Drop ink or ink into a bottle of water to make the solution a pale blue. Put a tablet of crushed activated charcoal there. Close the mouth with your finger and shake the mixture. She brightens up before her eyes. The fact is that coal absorbs dye molecules with its surface and it is no longer visible.

"Stop, hands up!"

And this experience is again for the boys - explosive and playful fidgets!
Take a small plastic jar for medicines, vitamins, etc. Pour some water into it, put any effervescent tablet and close it with a lid (non-screw).
Put it on the table, turning it upside down, and wait. The gas released during the chemical reaction of the tablet and water will push the bottle out, there will be a "roar" and the bottle will be thrown up.

Secret letter

Each of us dreamed at least once in our lives to become a detective or a secret agent. It's so exciting - to solve riddles, look for traces and see the invisible.

Let the child make a drawing or inscription on a blank sheet of white paper with milk, lemon juice or table vinegar. Then heat up a sheet of paper (preferably over a device without open flame) and you will see how the invisible turns into the visible. The impromptu ink will boil, the letters will darken, and the secret letter will be readable.

Scattering toothpicks

If there is nothing to do in the kitchen, and only toothpicks are available from the available toys, then we will easily put them into action!

To conduct the experiment, you will need: a bowl of water, 8 wooden toothpicks, a pipette, a piece of refined sugar (not instant), dishwashing liquid.
1. We have toothpicks with rays in a bowl of water.
2. Gently lower a piece of sugar into the center of the bowl - the toothpicks will begin to gather towards the center.
3. Remove the sugar with a teaspoon and drop a few drops of dishwashing liquid into the center of the bowl with a pipette - the toothpicks will “scatter”!
What is going on? The sugar sucks up the water, creating a movement that moves the toothpicks toward the center. Soap, spreading over the water, drags particles of water with it, and they cause the toothpicks to scatter. Explain to the children that you showed them a trick, and all tricks are based on certain natural physical phenomena that they will study in school.

vanishing coin

And this trick can be taught to any child over 5 years old, let him show it to his friends!
Props:

1 liter glass jar with lid
tap water
coin
assistant

Preparation:

Pour water into the jar and close the lid.
Give your assistant a coin so that he can make sure that this is really the most common coin and there is no catch in it.
Have him put the coin on the table. Ask him: "Do you see the coin?" (Of course, he will answer yes.)
Put a jar of water on the coin.
Say magic words, for example: "Here is a magic coin, here it was, but now it's not there."
Have your helper look through the water on the side of the jar and say if he sees the coin now? What will he answer?

Tips for a learned wizard:
You can make this trick even more effective. After your assistant can't see the coin, you can make it reappear. Say other magic words, for example: "As the coin fell, so it appeared." Now remove the jar and the coin will be back in place.
Result: When you place a jar of water on a coin, the coin appears to have disappeared. Your assistant will not see it.

In contact with

We make cottage cheese

Grandmothers, who are over 50 years old, remember well how they themselves made cottage cheese for their children. You can show this process to a child.

Warm the milk by pouring a little lemon juice into it (calcium chloride can also be used). Show the children how the milk immediately curdled into large flakes with whey on top.

Drain the resulting mass through several layers of gauze and leave for 2-3 hours.

You've made a wonderful curd.

Pour syrup over it and offer the child for dinner. We are sure that even those children who do not like this dairy product will not be able to refuse a delicacy prepared with their own participation.

How to make ice cream?

For ice cream you will need: cocoa, sugar, milk, sour cream. You can add grated chocolate, waffle crumbs or small pieces of cookies to it.

Mix two tablespoons of cocoa, one tablespoon of sugar, four tablespoons of milk and two tablespoons of sour cream in a bowl. Add cookie crumbs and chocolate. Ice cream is ready. Now it needs to be cooled down.

Take a larger bowl, put ice in it, sprinkle it with salt, mix. Place a bowl of ice cream on top of ice and cover with a towel to keep heat out. Stir ice cream every 3-5 minutes. If you have enough patience, then after about 30 minutes the ice cream will thicken and you can try it. Tasty?

How does our homemade refrigerator work? It is known that ice melts at a temperature of zero degrees. Salt also delays the cold, does not allow the ice to melt quickly. Therefore, salt ice keeps cold longer. Moreover, the towel does not allow warm air to penetrate to the ice cream. And the result? Ice cream is beyond praise!

Let's beat down the butter

If you live in the summer in the country, then you probably take natural milk from a thrush. Do experiments with milk with the children.

Prepare a liter jar. Fill it with milk and refrigerate for 2-3 days. Show the children how the milk has separated into lighter cream and heavy skimmed milk.

Believe me, children have never eaten such delicious butter.

Homemade lollipops

Cooking is a fun activity. Now let's make homemade lollipops.

To do this, you need to prepare a glass of warm water, in which to dissolve as much granulated sugar as it can dissolve. Then take a straw for a cocktail, tie a clean thread to it, attaching a small piece of pasta to the end of it (it is best to use small pasta). Now it remains to put the straw on top of the glass, across, and lower the end of the thread with pasta into the sugar solution. And be patient.

When the water from the glass begins to evaporate, the sugar molecules will begin to approach and sweet crystals will begin to settle on the thread and on the pasta, taking on bizarre shapes.

Let your little one taste the lollipop. Tasty?

The same lollipops will be much tastier if jam syrup is added to the sugar solution. Then you get lollipops with different tastes: cherry, blackcurrant and others that he wants.

"Roasted" sugar

Take two pieces of refined sugar. Moisten them with a few drops of water to make it moist, put in a stainless steel spoon and heat it for a few minutes over gas until the sugar melts and turns yellow. Don't let it burn.

As soon as the sugar turns into a yellowish liquid, pour the contents of the spoon onto the saucer in small drops.

Taste your candies with your children. Liked? Then open a candy factory!

Changing the color of cabbage

Together with your child, prepare a salad of finely chopped red cabbage, grated with salt, and pour it with vinegar and sugar. Watch the cabbage turn from purple to bright red. This is the effect of acetic acid.

However, as the salad is stored, it may again turn purple or even turn blue. This happens because acetic acid is gradually diluted with cabbage juice, its concentration decreases and the color of the red cabbage dye changes. These are the transformations.

Why are unripe apples sour?

Unripe apples are high in starch and contain no sugar.

Starch is an unsweetened substance. Let the child lick the starch, and he will be convinced of this. How do you know if a product contains starch?

Make a weak solution of iodine. Drop them in a handful of flour, starch, on a piece of raw potato, on a slice of an unripe apple. The blue color that appears proves that all these products contain starch.

Repeat the experiment with the apple when it is fully ripe. And you will probably be surprised that you will no longer find starch in an apple. But now it has sugar in it. So, fruit ripening is a chemical process of converting starch into sugar.

edible glue

Your child needed glue for crafts, but the jar of glue was empty? Don't rush to the store to buy. Weld it yourself. What is familiar to you is unusual for a child.

Cook him a small portion of thick jelly, showing him each of the steps of the process. For those who do not know: in boiling juice (or in water with jam), you need to pour, mixing thoroughly, a solution of starch diluted in a small amount of cold water, and bring to a boil.

I think the child will be surprised that this glue-jelly can be eaten with a spoon, or you can glue crafts with it.

Homemade sparkling water

Remind your child that he is breathing air. Air is made up of various gases, but many of them are invisible and odorless, making them difficult to detect. Carbon dioxide is one of the gases that make up the air and ... carbonated water. But it can be isolated at home.

Take two straws for a cocktail, but of different diameters, so that a few millimeters narrow fits snugly into a wider one. It turned out a long straw, made up of two. Make a vertical hole in the cork of a plastic bottle with a sharp object and insert either end of the straw there.

If there are no straws of different diameters, then you can make a small vertical incision in one and stick it into another straw. The main thing is to get a tight connection.

Pour water diluted with any jam into a glass, and pour half a tablespoon of soda into a bottle through a funnel. Then pour vinegar into the bottle - about one hundred milliliters.

Now you need to act very quickly: stick the cork with a straw into the bottle, and dip the other end of the straw into a glass of sweet water.

What's going on in the glass?

Explain to your child that the vinegar and baking soda have begun to actively interact with each other, releasing carbon dioxide bubbles. It rises up and passes through a straw into a glass with a drink, where bubbles come to the surface of the water. Here is sparkling water and ready.

Drown and eat

Wash two oranges well. Put one of them in a bowl of water. He will swim. And even if you try hard, you won't be able to drown him.

Peel the second orange and put it in the water. Well? Do you believe your eyes? The orange has sunk.

How so? Two identical oranges, but one drowned and the other floated?

Explain to the child: "There are many air bubbles in the orange peel. They push the orange to the surface of the water. Without the peel, the orange sinks because it is heavier than the water it displaces."

About the benefits of milk

Oddly enough, the best way to learn why you need to drink milk is to do an experiment with bones.

Take the eaten chicken bones, wash them properly, let them dry. Then pour vinegar in a bowl so that it covers the bones completely, close the lid and leave for a week.

After seven days, drain the vinegar, carefully examine and touch the bones. They have become flexible. Why?

It turns out that calcium gives strength to bones. Calcium dissolves in acetic acid, and the bones lose their hardness.

You want to ask: "What does milk have to do with it?"

Milk is known to be rich in calcium. Milk is useful because it replenishes our body with calcium, which means it makes our bones hard and strong.

How to get drinking water from salt water?

Pour water with your child into a deep basin, add two tablespoons of salt there, stir until the salt dissolves. Place washed pebbles on the bottom of an empty plastic cup so that it does not float up, but its edges should be above the water level in the basin. Stretch the film from above, tying it around the pelvis. Squeeze the film in the center over the glass and put another pebble in the recess. Place your basin in the sun.

After a few hours, unsalted, clean drinking water will accumulate in the glass.

This is explained simply: the water begins to evaporate in the sun, the condensate settles on the film and flows into an empty glass. Salt does not evaporate and remains in the pelvis.

Now that you know how to get fresh water, you can safely go to the sea and not be afraid of thirst. There is a lot of water in the sea, and you can always get the purest drinking water from it.

live yeast

A well-known Russian proverb says: "The hut is red not with corners, but with pies." We don't bake pies, though. Although, why not? Moreover, we always have yeast in our kitchen. But first we will show the experience, and then we can take on the pies.

Tell the children that yeast is made up of tiny living organisms called microbes (meaning that microbes can be good as well as bad). When they feed, they emit carbon dioxide, which, mixed with flour, sugar and water, “raises” the dough, making it lush and tasty.

Dry yeast is like little lifeless balls. But this is only until the millions of tiny microbes that dormant in a cold and dry form come to life.

Let's revive them. Pour two tablespoons of warm water into a pitcher, add two teaspoons of yeast to it, then one teaspoon of sugar and stir.

Pour the yeast mixture into the bottle, pulling a balloon over its neck. Place the bottle in a bowl of warm water.

Ask the guys what will happen?

That's right, when the yeast comes to life and starts eating sugar, the mixture will fill with bubbles of carbon dioxide already familiar to children, which they begin to release. The bubbles burst and the gas inflates the balloon.

Is the coat warm?

This experience should be very popular with children.

Buy two cups of paper-wrapped ice cream. Unfold one of them and put on a saucer. And wrap the second one right in the wrapper in a clean towel and wrap it well with a fur coat.

After 30 minutes, unwrap the wrapped ice cream and place it unwrapped on a saucer. Expand and the second ice cream. Compare both portions. Surprised? What about your children?

It turns out that ice cream under a fur coat, in contrast to what is on a silver platter, almost did not melt. So what? Maybe a fur coat is not a fur coat at all, but a refrigerator? Why, then, do we wear it in winter, if it does not warm, but cools?

Everything is explained simply. The fur coat stopped letting the room heat in to the ice cream. And from this, the ice cream in a fur coat became cold, so the ice cream did not melt.

Now the question is also natural: "Why does a person put on a fur coat in the cold?"
Answer: To keep warm.

When a person puts on a fur coat at home, he is warm, but the fur coat does not let heat out into the street, so the person does not freeze.

Ask the child if he knows that there are "fur coats" made of glass?

This is a thermos. It has double walls, and between them - emptiness. Heat does not pass through the void. Therefore, when we pour hot tea into a thermos, it stays hot for a long time. And if you pour cold water into it, what will happen to it? The child can now answer this question himself.

If he still finds it difficult to answer, let him do one more experiment: pour cold water into a thermos and check it in 30 minutes.

Thrust funnel

Can a funnel "refuse" to let water into a bottle? Let's check!

We will need:

2 funnels
- two identical clean dry plastic bottles of 1 liter
- plasticine
- jug of water

Preparation:

1. Insert a funnel into each bottle.

2. Coat the neck of one of the bottles around the funnel with plasticine so that there is no gap left.

Let's start the science magic!

1. Announce to the audience: "I have a magic funnel that keeps water out of the bottle."

2. Take a bottle without plasticine and pour some water into it through a funnel. Explain to the audience, "This is how most funnels behave."

3. Put a bottle of plasticine on the table.

4. Fill the funnel with water up to the top. See what will happen.

Result:

A little water will flow from the funnel into the bottle, and then it will stop flowing altogether.

Explanation:

Water flows freely into the first bottle. Water flowing through the funnel into the bottle replaces the air in it, which escapes through the gaps between the neck and the funnel. In a bottle sealed with plasticine, there is also air, which has its own pressure. The water in the funnel also has pressure, which is due to the force of gravity pulling the water down. However, the force of air pressure in the bottle exceeds the force of gravity acting on the water. Therefore, water cannot enter the bottle.

If there is at least a small hole in the bottle or plasticine, air can escape through it. Because of this, its pressure inside the bottle will drop, and water will be able to flow into it.

dancing flakes

Some cereals are capable of making a lot of noise. Now we will find out if it is possible to teach rice flakes to jump and dance.

We will need:
- paper towel

1 teaspoon (5 ml) crispy rice flakes
- balloon
- wool sweater

Preparation:

1. Spread a paper towel on the table.

2. Sprinkle cereal on a towel.

Let's start the science magic!

1. Address the audience like this: "All of you, of course, know how rice flakes can crackle, crunch and rustle. And now I'll show you how they can jump and dance."

2. Inflate the balloon and tie it up.

3. Rub the ball on the wool sweater.

4. Bring the ball to the cereal and see what happens.

Result:

The flakes will bounce and be attracted to the ball.

Explanation:

Static electricity helps you in this experiment. Electricity is called static when there is no current, that is, the movement of charge. It is formed by the friction of objects, in this case a ball and a sweater. All objects are made up of atoms, and each atom contains an equal number of protons and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, while electrons have a negative charge. When these charges are equal, the object is called neutral or uncharged. But there are objects, such as hair or wool, that lose their electrons very easily. If you rub the ball on a woolen thing, some of the electrons will pass from the wool to the ball, and it will acquire a negative static charge.

When you bring a negatively charged ball close to the flakes, the electrons in them begin to repel from it and move to the opposite side. Thus, the top side of the flakes facing the ball becomes positively charged, and the ball attracts them to itself.

If you wait longer, the electrons will begin to move from the ball to the flakes. Gradually, the ball will become neutral again, and will no longer attract flakes. They will fall back onto the table.

After a few hours, unsalted, clean drinking water will accumulate in the glass.

This is explained simply: the water begins to evaporate in the sun, the condensate settles on the film and flows into an empty glass. Salt does not evaporate and remains in the pelvis.

Now that you know how to get fresh water, you can safely go to the sea and not be afraid of thirst. There is a lot of water in the sea, and you can always get the purest drinking water from it.

live yeast

Tell the children that yeast is made up of tiny living organisms called microbes (meaning that microbes can be good as well as bad). When they feed, they release carbon dioxide, which, mixed with flour, sugar and water, “raises” the dough, making it lush and tasty.

Dry yeast is like little lifeless balls. But this is only until the millions of tiny microbes that dormant in a cold and dry form come to life.

Let's revive them. Pour two tablespoons of warm water into a pitcher, add two teaspoons of yeast to it, then one teaspoon of sugar and stir.

Pour the yeast mixture into the bottle, pulling a balloon over its neck. Place the bottle in a bowl of warm water.

Ask the guys what will happen?

A similar experience with inflating a balloon can be done by replacing the yeast with a solution of soda and vinegar.

Is the coat warm?

This experience should be very popular with children.

Buy two cups of paper-wrapped ice cream. Unfold one of them and put on a saucer. And wrap the second one right in the wrapper in a clean towel and wrap it well with a fur coat.

After 30 minutes, unwrap the wrapped ice cream and place it unwrapped on a saucer. Expand and the second ice cream. Compare both portions. Surprised? What about your children?

Everything is explained simply. The fur coat stopped letting the room heat in to the ice cream. And from this, the ice cream in a fur coat became cold, so the ice cream did not melt.

Now the question is also natural: “Why does a person put on a fur coat in the cold?” Answer: To keep warm.

When a person puts on a fur coat at home, he is warm, but the fur coat does not let heat out into the street, so the person does not freeze.

Ask the child if he knows that there are “fur coats” made of glass?

This is a thermos. It has double walls, and between them is a void. Heat does not pass through the void. Therefore, when we pour hot tea into a thermos, it stays hot for a long time. And if you pour cold water into it, what will happen to it? The child can now answer this question himself.

If he still finds it difficult to answer, let him do one more experiment: pour cold water into a thermos and check it in 30 minutes.

Thrust funnel

Can a funnel "refuse" to let water into a bottle? Let's check!

We will need:

- 2 funnels
- two identical clean dry plastic bottles of 1 liter
- plasticine
- jug of water

Preparation:

1. Insert a funnel into each bottle.
2. Coat the neck of one of the bottles around the funnel with plasticine so that there is no gap left.

Let's start the science magic!

1. Announce to the audience: "I have a magic funnel that keeps water out of the bottle."
2. Take a bottle without plasticine and pour some water into it through a funnel. Explain to the audience, “This is how most funnels behave.”
3. Put a bottle of plasticine on the table.
4. Fill the funnel with water up to the top. See what will happen.

Result:

A little water will flow from the funnel into the bottle, and then it will stop flowing altogether.

Explanation:

If there is at least a small hole in the bottle or plasticine, air can escape through it. Because of this, its pressure inside the bottle will drop, and water will be able to flow into it.

dancing flakes

Some cereals are capable of making a lot of noise. Now we will find out if it is possible to teach rice flakes to jump and dance.

We will need:

- paper towel
- 1 teaspoon (5 ml) crispy rice flakes
- balloon
- wool sweater

Preparation:

2. Sprinkle cereal on a towel.

Let's start the science magic!

1. Address the audience like this: “All of you, of course, know how rice cereal can crack, crunch and rustle. And now I'll show you how they can jump and dance."
2. Inflate the balloon and tie it up.
3. Rub the ball on the wool sweater.
4. Bring the ball to the cereal and see what happens.

Result:

The flakes will bounce and be attracted to the ball.

Explanation:

If you wait longer, the electrons will begin to move from the ball to the flakes. Gradually, the ball will become neutral again, and will no longer attract flakes. They will fall back onto the table.

Sorting

Do you think it is possible to separate the mixed pepper and salt? If you master this experiment, then you will definitely cope with this difficult task!

We will need:

- paper towel
- 1 teaspoon (5 ml) salt
- 1 teaspoon (5 ml) ground pepper
- spoon
- balloon
- wool sweater
- assistant

Preparation:

1. Spread a paper towel on the table.
2. Sprinkle salt and pepper on it.

Let's start the science magic!

1. Invite someone from the audience to become your assistant.
2. Mix salt and pepper thoroughly with a spoon. Have a helper try to separate the salt from the pepper.
3. When your assistant is desperate to share them, invite him to sit and watch now.
4. Inflate the balloon, tie it off and rub it against the wool sweater.
5. Bring the ball closer to the salt and pepper mixture. What will you see?

Result:

Pepper will stick to the ball, and salt will remain on the table.

Explanation:

This is another example of the effect of static electricity. When you rub the ball with a woolen cloth, it acquires a negative charge. If you bring the ball to a mixture of pepper and salt, the pepper will begin to be attracted to it. This is because the electrons in the pepper grains tend to move as far away from the ball as possible. Consequently, the part of the peppercorns closest to the ball acquires a positive charge, and is attracted by the negative charge of the ball. The pepper sticks to the ball.

Salt is not attracted to the ball, since electrons move poorly in this substance. When you bring a charged ball to salt, its electrons still remain in their places. Salt from the side of the ball does not acquire a charge - it remains uncharged or neutral. Therefore, salt does not stick to a negatively charged ball.

flexible water

In previous experiments, you used static electricity to teach cereal to dance and separate pepper from salt. From this experience you will learn how static electricity affects ordinary water.

We will need:

- faucet and sink
- balloon
- wool sweater

Preparation:

To conduct the experiment, choose a place where you will have access to running water. The kitchen is perfect.

Let's start the science magic! 1. Announce to the audience: "Now you will see how my magic will control the water."
2. Open the faucet so that the water flows in a thin stream.
3. Say the magic words to make the water jet move. Nothing will change; then apologize and explain to the audience that you will have to use the help of your magic balloon and magic sweater.
4. Inflate the balloon and tie it up. Rub the ball on the sweater.
5. Say the magic words again, and then bring the ball to a trickle of water. What will happen?

Result:

The jet of water will deflect towards the ball.

Explanation:

The electrons from the sweater during friction pass to the ball and give it a negative charge. This charge repels the electrons that are in the water, and they move to the part of the jet that is farthest from the ball. Closer to the ball, a positive charge arises in the water stream, and the negatively charged ball pulls it towards itself.

For the jet movement to be visible, it must be small. The static electricity that accumulates on the ball is relatively small, and it cannot move a large amount of water. If a trickle of water touches the balloon, it will lose its charge. The extra electrons will go into the water; both the balloon and the water will become electrically neutral, so the trickle will flow smoothly again.

We make cottage cheese

Grandmothers, who are over 50 years old, remember well how they themselves made cottage cheese for their children. You can show this process to a child.

Warm the milk by pouring a little lemon juice into it (calcium chloride can also be used). Show the children how the milk immediately curdled into large flakes with whey on top.

Drain the resulting mass through several layers of gauze and leave for 2-3 hours.

You've made a wonderful curd.

Pour syrup over it and offer the child for dinner. We are sure that even those children who do not like this dairy product will not be able to refuse a delicacy prepared with their own participation.

How to make ice cream?

For ice cream you will need: cocoa, sugar, milk, sour cream. You can add grated chocolate, waffle crumbs or small pieces of cookies to it.

Let's beat down the butter

If you live in the summer in the country, then you probably take natural milk from a thrush. Do experiments with milk with the children.

Prepare a liter jar. Fill it with milk and refrigerate for 2-3 days. Show the children how the milk has separated into lighter cream and heavy skimmed milk.

Collect the cream in a jar with an airtight lid. And if you have patience and free time, then shake the jar for half an hour in turn with the children until the balls of fat merge together and form oil lumps. You can put a few glass balls in a jar along with the cream so that the butter whips faster.

Believe me, children have never eaten such delicious butter.

Homemade lollipops

Cooking is a fun activity. Now let's make homemade lollipops.

When the water from the glass begins to evaporate, the sugar molecules will begin to approach and sweet crystals will begin to settle on the thread and on the pasta, taking on bizarre shapes.

Let your little one taste the lollipop. Tasty?

The same lollipops will be much tastier if jam syrup is added to the sugar solution. Then you get lollipops with different tastes: cherry, blackcurrant and others that he wants.

"Roasted" sugar

As soon as the sugar turns into a yellowish liquid, pour the contents of the spoon onto the saucer in small drops.

Taste your candies with your children. Liked? Then open a candy factory!

Changing the color of cabbage

Prepare with your child a salad of finely chopped red cabbage, grated with salt, and pour it with apple cider vinegar (lemon juice) and sugar. Watch the cabbage turn from purple to bright red. This is the effect of acetic acid.

Why are unripe apples sour?

Unripe apples are high in starch and contain no sugar.

Starch is an unsweetened substance. Let the child lick the starch, and he will be convinced of this. How do you know if a product contains starch?

edible glue

Your child needed glue for crafts, but the jar of glue was empty? Don't rush to the store to buy. Weld it yourself. What is familiar to you is unusual to a child.

I think the child will be surprised that this glue-jelly can be eaten with a spoon, or you can glue crafts with it.

Homemade sparkling water

If there are no straws of different diameters, then you can make a small vertical incision in one and stick it into another straw. The main thing is to get a tight connection.

Pour water diluted with any jam into a glass, and pour half a tablespoon of soda into a bottle through a funnel. Then pour vinegar into the bottle - about one hundred milliliters.

Now you need to act very quickly: stick the cork with a straw into the bottle, and dip the other end of the straw into a glass of sweet water.

What's going on in the glass?

Drown and eat

Wash two oranges well. Put one of them in a bowl of water. He will swim. And even if you try hard, you won't be able to drown him.

Peel the second orange and put it in the water. Well? Do you believe your eyes? The orange has sunk.

How so? Two identical oranges, but one drowned and the other floated?

Explain to your child: “There are a lot of air bubbles in an orange peel. They push the orange to the surface of the water. Without the peel, the orange sinks because it is heavier than the water it displaces.

About the benefits of milk

Oddly enough, the best way to learn why you need to drink milk is to do an experiment with bones.

Take the eaten chicken bones, wash them properly, let them dry. Then pour vinegar in a bowl so that it covers the bones completely, close the lid and leave for a week.

After seven days, drain the vinegar, carefully examine and touch the bones. They have become flexible. Why?

It turns out that calcium gives strength to bones. Calcium dissolves in acetic acid, and the bones lose their hardness.

You want to ask: “What does milk have to do with it?”

Milk is known to be rich in calcium. Milk is useful because it replenishes our body with calcium, which means it makes our bones hard and strong.

Where is more calcium? In almonds, sesame, broccoli, oatmeal.

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We have a lot of things in our kitchen with which you can make interesting experiments for children. Well, for myself, to be honest, to make a couple of discoveries from the category of “how I didn’t notice this before.”

website chose 9 experiments that will delight children and raise many new questions in them.

1. Lava lamp

Need: Salt, water, a glass of vegetable oil, a few food colors, a large transparent glass or glass jar.

Experience: Fill a glass 2/3 with water, pour vegetable oil into the water. The oil will float on the surface. Add food coloring to water and oil. Then slowly add 1 teaspoon of salt.

Explanation: Oil is lighter than water, so it floats on the surface, but salt is heavier than oil, so when you add salt to a glass, the oil and salt begin to sink to the bottom. As the salt breaks down, it releases oil particles and they rise to the surface. Food coloring will help make the experience more visual and spectacular.

2. Personal rainbow

Need: A container filled with water (bath, basin), flashlight, mirror, sheet of white paper.

Experience: Pour water into the container and put a mirror on the bottom. We direct the light of a flashlight to the mirror. The reflected light must be caught on paper, on which a rainbow should appear.

Explanation: The beam of light consists of several colors; when it passes through the water, it decomposes into its component parts - in the form of a rainbow.

3. Volcano

Need: Tray, sand, plastic bottle, food coloring, soda, vinegar.

Experience: A small volcano should be molded around a small plastic bottle made of clay or sand - for entourage. To cause an eruption, you should pour two tablespoons of soda into the bottle, pour in a quarter cup of warm water, add a little food coloring, and finally pour in a quarter cup of vinegar.

Explanation: When baking soda and vinegar come into contact, a violent reaction begins with the release of water, salt and carbon dioxide. Gas bubbles and push the contents out.

4. Grow crystals

Need: Salt, water, wire.

Experience: To get crystals, you need to prepare a supersaturated salt solution - one in which the salt does not dissolve when a new portion is added. In this case, you need to keep the solution warm. To make the process go better, it is desirable that the water be distilled. When the solution is ready, it must be poured into a new container to get rid of the debris that is always in the salt. Further, a wire with a small loop at the end can be lowered into the solution. Put the jar in a warm place so that the liquid cools more slowly. After a few days, beautiful salt crystals will grow on the wire. If you get the hang of it, you can grow fairly large crystals or patterned crafts on twisted wire.

Explanation: As the water cools, the solubility of the salt decreases, and it begins to precipitate and settle on the walls of the vessel and on your wire.

5. Dancing coin

Need: A bottle, a coin that can be used to cover the neck of a bottle, water.

Experience: An empty unclosed bottle should be put in the freezer for a few minutes. Moisten a coin with water and cover the bottle taken out of the freezer with it. After a few seconds, the coin will begin to bounce and, hitting the neck of the bottle, make sounds similar to clicks.

Explanation: The coin is lifted by air, which has compressed in the freezer and occupied a smaller volume, and now has heated up and began to expand.

6. Colored milk

Need: Whole milk, food coloring, liquid detergent, cotton buds, plate.

Experience: Pour milk into a plate, add a few drops of dyes. Then you need to take a cotton swab, dip it in detergent and touch the wand to the very center of the plate with milk. The milk will move and the colors will mix.

Explanation: Detergent reacts with fat molecules in milk and sets them in motion. That is why skimmed milk is not suitable for the experiment.

7. Fireproof bill

Need: Ten-rouble note, tongs, matches or lighter, salt, 50% alcohol solution (1/2 part alcohol to 1/2 part water).

Experience: Add a pinch of salt to the alcohol solution, immerse the bill in the solution so that it is completely saturated. Remove the bill from the solution with tongs and allow excess liquid to drain. Set fire to a bill and watch it burn without burning.

Explanation: As a result of the combustion of ethyl alcohol, water, carbon dioxide and heat (energy) are formed. When you set fire to a bill, alcohol burns. The temperature at which it burns is not enough to evaporate the water that the paper bill is soaked in. As a result, all the alcohol burns out, the flame goes out, and the slightly damp ten remains intact.

9 Camera Obscura

You will need:

A camera that supports slow shutter speeds (up to 30 s);

Large sheet of thick cardboard;

Masking tape (for pasting cardboard);

A room with a view of anything;

Sunny day.

1. We seal the window with cardboard so that the light does not come from the street.

2. In the center we make an even hole (for a room 3 meters deep, the hole should be about 7-8 mm).

3. When the eyes get used to the darkness, an inverted street will be found on the walls of the room! The most visible effect will be on a bright sunny day.

4. Now the result can be shot on a camera at a slow shutter speed. A shutter speed of 10-30 seconds is fine.

Natalia Samoilova
Card file "Experiments in the kitchen with a child"

Card file

« Experiments in the kitchen with a child»

Starting from about 3-5 years old, young children actively ask questions regarding the structure of our planet, animate and inanimate nature, and even at the age of 7 this thirst for knowledge does not recede. It is vitally important for a growing child to explore the world around him and to know all the possibilities of this environment.

I bring to your attention the following experiences and experiments:

Is the coat warm?

This experience must be very popular with children. Buy two cups of paper-wrapped ice cream. Unfold one of them and put on a saucer. And wrap the second one right in the wrapper in a clean towel and wrap it well with a fur coat.

After 30 minutes, unwrap the wrapped ice cream and place it unwrapped on a saucer. Expand and the second ice cream. Compare both portions. Surprised? What about your children? It turns out that ice cream under a fur coat, in contrast to what is on a silver platter, almost did not melt. So what? Maybe a fur coat is not a fur coat at all, but a refrigerator? Why, then, do we wear it in winter, if it does not warm, but cools? Everything is explained simply. The fur coat stopped letting the room heat in to the ice cream. And from this, the ice cream in a fur coat became cold, so the ice cream did not melt. Now regular and question: "Why does a person put on a fur coat in the cold?" Answer: "In order not to freeze."

Thrust funnel

Can a funnel "refuse" to let water into a bottle? Let's check! Us need: 2 funnels, two identical clean dry plastic bottles of 1 liter each, plasticine, a jug of water.

Preparation: Insert a funnel into each bottle.

Cover the neck of one of the bottles around the funnel with plasticine so that there is no gap left.

Let's start the science magic!

1. Announce to viewers: "I have a magic funnel that keeps water out of the bottle."

2. Take a bottle without plasticine and pour some water into it through a funnel. Explain viewers: "This is how most funnels behave."

3. Put a bottle of plasticine on the table.

4. Fill the funnel with water up to the top. See what will happen.

Result: A little water will flow from the funnel into the bottle, and then it will stop flowing completely.

Explanation: Water flows freely into the first bottle. Water flowing through the funnel into the bottle replaces the air in it, which escapes through the gaps between the neck and the funnel. In a bottle sealed with plasticine, there is also air, which has its own pressure. The water in the funnel also has pressure, which is due to the force of gravity pulling the water down. However, the force of air pressure in the bottle exceeds the force of gravity acting on the water. Therefore, water cannot enter the bottle. If there is at least a small hole in the bottle or plasticine, air can escape through it. Because of this, its pressure inside the bottle will drop, and water will be able to flow into it.

dancing flakes

Some cereals are capable of making a lot of noise. Now we will find out if it is possible to teach rice flakes to jump and dance.

We will need:

Paper towel

1 teaspoon (5 ml) crispy rice flakes

Balloon

Wool sweater

Preparation:

Sprinkle cereal on a towel.

Let's start the science magic!

1. Reach out to viewers So: "All of you, of course, know how rice flakes can crackle, crunch and rustle. And now I'll show you how they can jump and dance."

2. Inflate the balloon and tie it up.

3. Rub the ball on the wool sweater.

4. Bring the ball to the cereal and see what happens.

Result: The flakes will bounce and be attracted to the ball.

Explanation: Static electricity helps you in this experiment. Electricity is called static when there is no current, that is, the movement of charge. It is formed by the friction of objects, in this case a ball and a sweater. All objects are made up of atoms, and each atom contains an equal number of protons and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, while electrons have a negative charge. When these charges are equal, the object is called neutral or uncharged. But there are objects, such as hair or wool, that lose their electrons very easily. If you rub the ball on a woolen thing, some of the electrons will pass from the wool to the ball, and it will acquire a negative static charge. When you bring a negatively charged ball close to the flakes, the electrons in them begin to repel from it and move to the opposite side. Thus, the top side of the flakes facing the ball becomes positively charged, and the ball attracts them to itself.

If you wait longer, the electrons will begin to move from the ball to the flakes. Gradually, the ball will become neutral again, and will no longer attract flakes. They will fall back onto the table.

Sorting

Do you think it is possible to separate the mixed pepper and salt? If you master this experiment, then you will definitely cope with this difficult task!

We will need: paper towel, 1 teaspoon (5 ml) salt, 1 teaspoon (5 ml) ground pepper, spoon, balloon, woolen sweater, helper.

Preparation:

1. Spread a paper towel on the table.

2. Sprinkle salt and pepper on it.

Let's start the science magic!

Invite someone from the audience to become your assistant.

Mix salt and pepper thoroughly with a spoon. Suggest Assistant to attempt separate salt from pepper.

When your assistant is desperate to share them, invite him now to sit and watch.

Inflate the balloon, tie it off and rub it against the wool sweater.

Bring the ball closer to the salt and pepper mixture. What will you see?

Result: The pepper will stick to the ball, but the salt will remain on the table.

Explanation: This is another example of static electricity. When you rub the ball with a woolen cloth, it acquires a negative charge. If you bring the ball to a mixture of pepper and salt, the pepper will begin to be attracted to it. This is because the electrons in the pepper grains tend to move as far away from the ball as possible. Consequently, the part of the peppercorns closest to the ball acquires a positive charge, and is attracted by the negative charge of the ball. The pepper sticks to the ball. Salt is not attracted to the ball, since electrons move poorly in this substance. When you bring a charged ball to salt, its electrons still remain in their places. Salt from the side of the ball does not acquire a charge - it remains uncharged or neutral. Therefore, salt does not stick to a negatively charged ball.

Drown and eat

Wash two oranges well. Put one of them in a bowl of water. He will swim. And even if you try hard, you won't be able to drown him.

Peel the second orange and put it in the water. Well? Do you believe your eyes? The orange has sunk. How so? Two identical oranges, but one drowned and the other floated?

Explain to kid: "There are a lot of air bubbles in the orange peel. They push the orange to the surface of the water. Without the peel, the orange sinks because it is heavier than the water it displaces."

live yeast

famous Russian proverb says: "The hut is red not with corners, but with pies." We don't bake pies, though. Although, why not? Moreover, we have yeast on there is always a kitchen. But first let's show experience, and then you can take on the pies.

Tell the children that yeast is made up of tiny living organisms called microbes. (which means that microbes are not only harmful, but also beneficial). When they feed, they emit carbon dioxide, which, mixed with flour, sugar and water, “raises” the dough, making it lush and tasty. Dry yeast is like little lifeless balls. But this is only until the millions of tiny microbes that dormant in a cold and dry form come to life. Let's revive them. Pour two tablespoons of warm water into a pitcher, add two teaspoons of yeast to it, then one teaspoon of sugar and stir. Pour the yeast mixture into the bottle, pulling a balloon over its neck. Place the bottle in a bowl of warm water. Ask the guys what will happen? That's right, when the yeast comes to life and starts eating sugar, the mixture will fill with bubbles of carbon dioxide already familiar to children, which they begin to release. The bubbles burst and the gas inflates the balloon. Like experience inflating a balloon can be done by replacing the yeast with a solution of soda and vinegar.

Card file “Experiments in the kitchen with a child. Home Einstein: entertaining experiments in the kitchen

Explosion of color in milk

Growing crystals

The potato becomes a submarine

Lemon battery

A glass of laughter

Water flows up the napkin

Miracle rocket from a tea bag

live fish

Focus "conspiracy of water"

density tower

Submarine from grapes

lotus flowers

Where did the ink go?

"Stop, hands up!"

Secret letter

Scattering toothpicks

vanishing coin

live yeast

Is the coat warm?

Thrust funnel

dancing flakes

Sorting

flexible water

We make cottage cheese

How to make ice cream?

Let's beat down the butter

Homemade lollipops

"Roasted" sugar

Changing the color of cabbage

Why are unripe apples sour?

edible glue

Homemade sparkling water

Drown and eat

About the benefits of milk

1. Lava lamp

2. Personal rainbow

3. Volcano

4. Grow crystals

6. Colored milk

7. Fireproof bill

9 Camera Obscura

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