Citrus fruit. Notable citrus hybrids

Most of us eat hybrid fruits without even realizing it. And although many people believe that such food is not very tasty like regular varieties, but they are very popular with people.There was a time when a certain fruit was only available at one time in the markets. Now, in grocery stores you will find not only seasonal fruits, but also some types of non-seasonal ones. Some of these fruits may have been imported from elsewhere, but more often you will see fruits from local varieties. These fruits are hybrids. These fruits are derived by crossing two or more similar varieties within the same species or genus. As a result, the crossed plant receives the properties of both parents.

Hybridization is nothing new, it even happens naturally to produce new fruits. Artificial hybridization is done to increase crop yields, improve nutritional properties and get rid of some pests.

The disadvantage of these fruits is that they may not have the taste and original aroma. Another disadvantage is that once the seeds of these plants are planted, they will not always grow into the same plants as the hybrid parent plant.

Hybrids are not genetically modified fruits. The gene of another fruit or even an animal is introduced into genetically modified fruits. So, for example, an animal gene was introduced into tomatoes, this gene blocks the synthesis of the enzyme responsible for fruit ripening.

Learn more about citrus fruit hybrids here.

Agli fruit is obtained by crossing grapefruit and tangerine. It is a large sweet juicy fruit with greenish yellow wrinkled skin. The agli fruit has a sweet pulp. Mainly cultivated in Florida. Ugli is slightly larger than a grapefruit. The taste is more like a mixture of lemon and tangerine.

Orange is a hybrid of mandarin and pomelo, and it began to be cultivated as early as 2.5 thousand years BC.

Aprium turned out, thanks to the crossing of a plum with an apricot. Apriums are available in the US in June. The fruit is dry and not very juicy, but very sweet with an orange aroma. The taste of ripe fruit is similar to apricot.

Boysenberry is a cross between blackberry, raspberry and loganberry. The berry is larger than a blackberry with large seeds. The berry has a rich burgundy color. And becomes black when ripe.

Grape fruit is a combination of grape and apple. Grape + apple = grapple. The fruit tastes like a grape but looks like an apple. Graple usually looks larger and the flesh is sweeter and more crispy. Grape is a brand name that has been specially processed to make the pulp taste like grapes. The grapple is a variety of the Fuji apple.

Grapefruit is a hybrid of two citrus species, pomelo and orange. The fruit has red flesh. Grapefruit comes with yellow, orange peel and types: white, pink and red. The color does not affect the taste, while pink and red grapefruit will add vitamin A to your diet.

Dekopon is a cross between Kiyomi tangor and Ponkan. Kiyomi tangor itself is a cross between Trovita orange and Mikan or Satsuma. Decopan is seedless and has a very sweet fruit. Decopan was introduced in Japan in 1972. The generic name for decopan is shiranuhi or shiranui. The decopan fruit is very large and has a sweet taste.

Joshta was obtained by crossing between blackcurrant and gooseberry. The size of the fruit is very large, but the taste is similar to currants. The fruit withstands frosts as well as black currants. The berry was bred in Germany and is completely resistant to fungi and bacteria that damage currants. Ripe berries are dark blue in color.

The blood lime is a hybrid of the red finger lime and the Ellendale tangerine. The peel, pulp and juice has a blood-red color. They taste very sour. Fruits are 20-30 mm wide.

limequat

Limequat is a citrus fruit that is cross between lime and kumquat. The limequat is a small tree that has dense foliage and produces a lot of fruit when young. It is used in many recipes where limes and lemons are present. The fruit of the limequat is a small green-yellow color. Has no seeds. The fruit contains few calories.

Varieties of limequat:

Eustis: lime crossed with round kumquat. Lakeland: lime crossed with round kumquat, with other hybrid seeds from parents like Eustice. Tavares: a lime crossed with an oval kumquat where the fruit is much larger and more elongated.

Lemato is a hybrid variant of lemon and tomato. Although the basil gene was added to the tomato, because of which the tomato smells like lemon. Israeli researchers have developed a genetically modified tomato that tastes like lemon and rose. About 82 people tasted the experimental fruit with the unmodified fruit. They described this fruit as a scent of rose, geranium and lemon green.

Respondents' opinions:

• 49 people preferred genetically modified tomatoes
• Real tomatoes were preferred by 29 people
• 4 people did not lean towards any kind of tomato.

Genetically modified tomatoes only come in light red because they contain half as much lycopene as regular tomatoes. They have a long shelf life and require less pesticides to grow.

Limandarin, rangpur

Rangpur is a hybrid variety between mandarin and lemon. Rangpur is also known as Lemandarin. The fruit have a sour taste. The name "rangpur" originated from the Bengali language. Since this fruit is grown in Rangpur in Bangladesh, the city is famous for its citrus fruits. Rangpur can also be used to replace limes. The fruit can be either small or medium in size. Rangpur is used as an ornamental or houseplant in the US. But it is mainly used as a rootstock in other countries.

Loganberry is a hybrid of American blackberry and European red raspberry. The berries are large and elongated. Ripe berries become dark and bright red. They are harvested from July to September. The berries are juicy and have a sharp sour taste. The fruits always ripen very early.

Marionberry crossed between Chehalem and Olallieberries. These years are the most common varieties of blackberries. The berries are also shiny, like other varieties of blackberries. The berries are medium in size, sweet, juicy and have a tart flavor.

Nectacotum is a hybrid variety of apricot, plum and nectarine. They are reddish green in color with light pink flesh. The fruit has a sweet taste. It will be good to add it to salads.

The fruit is round and slightly pear-shaped, about the size of a grapefruit. The rind is brilliant yellow and easy to peel. The inner part is divided mainly into 9-13 segments, not bitter, the flesh is yellow-orange. The walls are tender with a mild taste of orange and grapefruit and slightly sour.

Ortanic is a hybrid cross between an orange and a tangerine. The fruit was discovered in Jamaica. It has a strong citrus aroma and a sharp, hazy sweet taste. Ortanic is pale in color and seedless. It has juicy flesh and grows in the Mediterranean region.

Olallieberry is a cross between loganberry and youngberry, and looks like a classic blackberry. Has a sweet aroma. Used to make jams and wine. The berries are large, shiny and juicy. This berry was bred in 1950. The berries are very specific and are available mainly in California.

pineberry

Pineberry turned out, thanks to the crossing of Chilean strawberries and Virginia strawberries. The fruit is very fragrant with a pineapple flavor. When the fruits ripen, they turn white with red seeds. Pinebury is grown very little, mainly in Europe and Belize.

Plumkot turned out, thanks to the crossing between plum and apricot. The fruits are yellow with a red tint, the flesh is red or dark purple, depending on the variety. It has very smooth skin, like a plum. Plumcot grows well where plum or apricot grows.

The pluot fruit is an individual cross between a plum and an apricot. This is a new fruit that was developed by Floyd Zyger in 1990. Ploot comes in different colors from pink to red. Pluot is much sweeter than his parents (plum and apricot). Pluot is very juicy and sweet, which is why children love it so much. There are about 25 varieties. The fruit is very low in fat and sodium.

Sweety, oroblanco

Sweetie is a hybrid between a pomelo and a white grapefruit. The fruit is sweet, large in size with few seeds. Sweetie tastes like the smell of his flowers. Oroblanca trees do not grow in cold conditions. It has a tendency to adapt to its environment very quickly and grow well. The fruit has a thick skin. Mostly imported from Israel.

Citrofortunella mitis

Citrofortunella mitis is a hybrid of the mandarin and the kumquat. The fruits are acidic and are commonly used in cooking.

Taybury is one of the many hybrid berries crossed with blackberries and raspberries. It was bred in Scotland and named after the Scottish River Tay. Taybury often grows in home gardens. Has a strong tart aroma.

Tangor turned out, thanks to the crossing of mandarin and orange.

Tangelo is a cross between a pomelo tangerine and a grapefruit. The fruits of tangelo and mandarin are similar. Tangelo begins to ripen from late autumn to late winter. The size of the fruit usually ranges from a standard orange to the size of a grapefruit. Tangela flesh is colorful and very juicy. You can squeeze juice out of it.

Tomtato is a hybrid of potato and tomato. Tomtato grows both tomatoes and potatoes. From tomtato seeds, either potatoes or tomatoes appear; they do not retain maternal characteristics.

This fruit, which is common during the holiday months, is a type of mandarin. They ripen earlier than other citrus fruits and can also be grown at home in warm regions. Fairchild tangerine was obtained by crossing a clementine with an Orlando tangelo. The fruits are delicious and easy to peel.

Yuzu turned out, thanks to the crossing of mandarin with papeda (Ichansky lemon). This fruit is very similar to a grapefruit with uneven skin. The diameter of the fruit is from 5.5 cm to 7.5 cm. This fruit is mainly grown in China, Korea and Japan. The fruits are very fragrant and may be yellow or green in color depending on ripeness. Forward

What seemed like an incredible fantasy a few decades ago has become a reality today. In recent years, an unprecedented breakthrough has been made in the field of genetic engineering. Thanks to progress, hybrids of vegetables and fruits have appeared on store shelves. The most unusual of them were Lemato (blue tomato with a lemon smell), Pineberry - a white variety of strawberries and others.

One of the most popular varieties of hybrids has become a mixture of orange and lemon.

Citrus fruits are no exception. The fruits of these trees are sold all over the world. One of the most popular varieties of hybrids has become a mixture of orange and lemon.

How did the hybrid come about?

The most important mystery of this plant was the history of its origins. It is surrounded by a halo of mystery, controversy and various conjectures. Only the etymology of the official name of the tree is known for sure.

It got its name from a scientist who spent many years studying the lemon-orange. His name was Meyer, and the new fruit is a Meyer hybrid. It is not known exactly, but some scientists claim that it was he who brought out a hybrid of lemon and orange.

Another version says that the plant was found in Beijing, and from there it was taken to different countries and different continents.

What is the uniqueness of this plant

A mixture of lemon and orange has its own characteristic differences that are unique to this species.

A distinctive feature of the hybrid is its short stature. These trees rarely exceed the one meter mark. But, despite this, with proper and good care, up to 15 fruits can be obtained from one indoor tree. Outwardly, the fruits look like a lemon, but they taste as juicy and sweet as oranges.

Another feature of this tree was the shape of the leaf. It is distinguished by its regular outlines, which cannot be found in other citrus fruits. They have an incredible smell that cannot be compared with any known fruit.

Meyer Fruit Benefits:

• increased content of vitamin C;
• actively fights puffiness;
• promotes a healthy appetite;
• helps to lower blood sugar levels.

plant care

Growing citrus plants, including hybrids, has a number of advantages. Firstly, these are very beautiful shrubs. Secondly, you can harvest a small crop from them. For those who have already dealt with the cultivation of citrus fruits, a Meyer hybrid can also be easily grown.

For those who have not previously encountered the cultivation of citrus fruits, it may seem that this is quite difficult, but it is not. It is enough to follow a few rules. In order to grow a hybrid you need:

• choose the right soil, you can get advice on this at any flower shop;
• provide a comfortable environment for the plant (in the warm season, take it to fresh air, provide the necessary temperature and humidity conditions);
• regularly fertilize the plant (a mineral mixture of fertilizers is used to feed it).

The orange hybrid must be repotted once a year for the first three years of the plant's life. Then it must be left alone. The maximum that can be resorted to is a delicate plant transplant every five years into a new pot, which is 10-15 centimeters in diameter larger than the previous one.

Watering

The characteristic watering system of the plant also has its own feature. In winter, the hybrid must be watered a couple of times a week, but with the onset of spring, the plant can be watered every other day.

Meyer lemon needs regular watering

In summer, it is recommended to water every day, but it is very important not to flood the plant. Do not forget about spraying foliage. The regularity of this procedure will help prevent the appearance of scale insects and aphids. The correct watering system has a beneficial effect on the taste of fruits.

The rules for the care, watering and maintenance of the Meira hybrid are not so complicated, and the reward is truly wonderful. You can grow an unusual fruit with your own hands.

Hybrid fruits have nothing to do with genetically modified specimens, this is the merit of exclusively breeders. Clementines, tangerines, pluots, picherines are amazing in hearing and excellent in taste. In addition, they are also beneficial for health. It's hard to believe, but man-made hybrid plants already existed in the 17th century!

"Do not expect favors from nature"

The history of breeding dates back to the Neolithic, when a person had to choose the best seeds for further crops. True, in those days no one even suspected that this simple method could change the plant world in a direction useful to man. Selected seeds each time gave a larger and better harvest, and until the 16th century people were content with this achievement, completely without thinking about something more.

In 1694, the German biologist Camerarius publicly came up with the idea of ​​artificial crossing of various plant species, and after 23 years the English gardener Fairchild realized the scientist's dream by obtaining hybrid carnations.

One of the founders of artificial selection and hybridization of plants was the Russian scientist I.V. Michurin. It is not for nothing that he is called the father of the scientific branch in agriculture, because without Michurin's experiments, the middle zone of Russia could hardly boast of such an abundance of fruit trees.

Crossing local plants with their geographically distant species, the scientist brought out several hundred new varieties of fruit and berry crops, which not only perfectly adapted to the local climate, but were in no way inferior in quality to their foreign counterparts from hot countries.

“We cannot expect favors from nature; to take them from her is our task!” - the great scientist lived and worked under this motto.

citrus revolution

The main task of hybridization was not at all the creation of outlandish fruits, but the fight against diseases and the improvement of the species as a whole. However, sometimes such experiments ended very curiously: hybrid fruits often differed from the original not only in taste, but also in appearance.

The first hybrid breeding programs were introduced already at the end of the 19th century in Italy, when all citrus plantations died from phytophthora. Around the same time in Florida, severe frosts killed almost the entire crop of lemons and oranges. Hoping to protect themselves from further misfortunes, breeders resorted to the help of hybridization. It was from these experiments that “improved” types of tangerines were obtained: clementines, tangors, mineolas and others.

tangerines

Mandarin, which has more than 3,000 years of history, was taken out of China in the 19th century, and since then, breeders have been haunting the poor fruit: it has become the basis for so many hybrids that it is almost impossible to mention all their varieties.

Tangerine- the most common type, obtained by crossing the mandarin and orange (bitter orange). This hybrid was named after the Moroccan port of Tangier, which until recently was considered the main export point for tangerines. Tangerines are easily recognizable by their slightly elongated shape and plump, bright orange rind, which is easy to peel, but smells quite sharp.

Clementine- the result of crossing several types of tangerines with orange. Small fragrant fruits with a thin skin appeared already in the 20th century and took the name of the creator - the French missionary in Algeria, Clément Dosier.

Tangor, a hybrid of orange and tangerine or tangerine, is a flattened "almost orange", red-orange in color, with a thick porous peel.

Mineola and tangelo was obtained by crossing tangerine and grapefruit. These are rather large pear-shaped fruits, sweet and juicy.

Another interesting "descendant" of the mandarin is yuzu. This hybrid of mandarin and Ichang papeda was brought to Japan by Buddhist monks about 2,500 years ago and has since become part of the national culture along with sakura. Yuzu fruits are shaped like tangerines, but their yellow peel is more like lemon. True, it is much rougher and rougher, with uneven outgrowths.

Yuzu essential oil is widely used in perfumery, and a variety of sauces and drinks are made from the juice. In addition, you can take hot baths with yuzu fruits - the Japanese claim that this procedure will help expel evil spirits and also make the skin smooth.

oranges

There are a great many varieties of oranges, but few of them are truly hybrid. Due to their unusual coloration, Sicilian oranges are mistakenly considered a hybrid of pomelo and tangerine. In fact, this is a variety of ordinary orange. By the way, it is very rich in natural antioxidants.

The most popular orange hybrid is, of course, grapefruit. This fruit was discovered in 1750 in Barbados, and, oddly enough, the breeders had nothing to do with it - nature did its best for them, creating a grapefruit by naturally crossing an orange with a pomelo (although scientists are still arguing about this). By the way, the name "grapefruit" did not appear by chance, because the fruits grow in clusters, just like grapes! (Translated from English grapefruit - grape fruit.)

Grapefruit, like all citrus fruits, is an extremely healthy fruit. In addition, it stimulates the metabolism, which means that it is almost indispensable in any diet.

Peaches, apricots and plums

Everyone's favorite nectarines are not at all a hybrid of peach and plum, as many people think, but a variety of peach with a smooth skin, obtained as a result of a mutation. However, peach hybrids do exist.

Picherin(peacherine) - the result of crossing peach and nectarine, which appeared not so long ago. This is a fairly large fruit with smooth skin, and tastes like a cross between a nectarine and a peach.

mango nectarine(despite its name) was obtained by hybridizing two varieties of nectarines with light flesh. However, it tastes and textures like a mango!

Nectacotum"consists" of equal parts of nectarine, apricot and plum. It looks like a large nectarine, but its skin is darker - like a plum, and softer - like an apricot. The taste is hard to describe, but definitely worth a try!

However, with plums and apricots, things went well without the participation of peaches, and the result was two completely new fruits.

Pluot- 75% plum and 25% apricot. If you change the percentages in places, you get apriot. The main achievement of these two hybrids is intense flavor and sweetness. From the overly acidic peel, characteristic of all plums, there is no trace left!

These hybrids have not yet become widespread, but leading experts in haute cuisine predict a great future for pluots and apriotes.

Apples

Apple pedigrees are so hybrid that it is almost impossible to keep track of all crosses between species. Nevertheless, there are simply fantastic hybrid combinations that are hard to believe.

Swiss horticulturist Markus Kobert has been working on a new hybrid variety of apple and tomato for over 20 years. The result exceeded all expectations - brilliant fruits of rich crimson color with "watercolor" spots in the section conquer at first sight! No wonder they were called red love. In addition, the “fruits of love” are not only beautiful, but also tasty, and also rich in vitamins and antioxidants. In addition, the tree itself blooms delightfully, almost like a Japanese cherry. Already now, anyone can buy seedlings of this miracle, and after some 10 years, fruits will appear in stores.

Look what amazing hybrids exist! I would like to know where they are sold, it seems like I have not seen such in ordinary stores ...

Pluot

A hybrid of plum and apricot, differing more in plum characteristics

Pluot is a trade name covering a group of varieties of Plumcats bred in the 20th century by the American geneticist Floyd Zyger. This trademark is registered by Zaiger's

Tangor

The result of crossing a tangerine and a sweet orange

boysenberry

Hybrid of raspberry, blackberry and loganberry

Yoshta

Hybrid of blackcurrant and gooseberry

rangpur

Hybrid of mandarin and lemon

sweetie

Hybrid of pomelo and white grapefruit

Tyberry

Hybrid of blackberry and raspberry

Aprium

A hybrid of apricot and plum. The fruit is genetically 75% apricot and 25% plum.

Ugli

A hybrid of grapefruit, orange and tangerine

Nectacote

A hybrid of nectarine and apricot with the dominant of the first

blood lime

A hybrid of Australian finger lime and Cantonese red lemon (rangpur)

Orange

Probably the result of crossing a mandarin and a pomelo

Graple

Apple-like fruit with grape flavor

limequat

hybrid of lime and kumquat

Rangpur (limandarin)

Hybrid of lemon and tangerine

Lemato

Lemon flavored tomato. The hybrid was bred experimentally by Israeli researchers who tried to prove that a vegetable can be flavored with fruit.

And this is generally some kind of freaky garbage, which I probably will never see in my life. The information is brief, just to feel their mass and quantity.

1. Dancy tangerine is just a type of mandarin that grows in Morocco, Sicily, China and the USA. As a rule, tangerines are red-orange bright tangerines, sweet, with thin skin that easily separates.

2. Orlando. The result of pollination of the Duncan grapefruit with pollen from the same Dancy tangerine.

3. Tangelo Nova is a hybrid of clementine and tangelo Orlando.

4. Thornton - a hybrid of tangerine and grapefruit.

5. Uglifruit (Ugli) - this drop dead beauty turned out by accident. In 1917, one J. J. R. Sharp, owner of Trout Hall Ltd. (now Cabel Hall Citrus Ltd., I understand), Jamaica, found this crappy crap in a pasture. Recognizing it as a likely tangerine-grapefruit hybrid, he took a cutting from it, grafted it onto a sour orange, and proceeded to re-graft the offspring, choosing the fruit with the fewest seeds. In 1934, for the first time, he gave the country so much coal fruit that he was even able to start exporting to England and Canada.

6. Tangelo Wekiwa, Canadian, light-skinned, the result of a repeated crossing of tangelo with grapefruit.

7. Tangor is the result of crossing tangerine and sweet orange. Rather, it is considered so. In fact, everything is a little more complicated. The most famous tangor is Temple (Temple, Temple, Temple). Its origin is not completely clear.

8. Clementine. And this is a hybrid of mandarin and king orange, created by the French missionary and breeder Father Clement (Clément Rodier) in Algeria in 1902. Actually, if you buy a tangerine, and it is somehow too sweet for a tangerine, it is quite possible that it is actually a clementine.

9. The natural tangor of the East is tankan. This culture has been cultivated since time immemorial in the south of China, on the island of Formosa (Taiwan) and in the Japanese prefecture of Kagoshima. The tree on which the tankan grows is indistinguishable from a tangerine, but the fruits make one suspect that this citrus is a hybrid with an orange.

10. Ortanique - also probably a natural tangor. It was also found in Jamaica, but already in 1920. Since tangerine and orange trees grew nearby, they decided that this was their hybrid. The name was collected from the world by thread - or (ange) + tan (gerine) + (un) ique.

11. Royal mandarin (Citrus nobilis, kunenbo, Cambodian mandarin). His appearance is quite memorable, it rarely happens in our stores and is sold simply as a tangerine.

12. Markot is also a famous tangor. Also of unknown origin. Marcotes are called Florida tangors, about the parental varieties / species of which nothing is known for certain. The first tree was found in 1922 and built in good hands.

13. Satsumy (inshiu, Citrus unshiu) Moroccan. According to one version, all satsums are a hybrid of citron and lime; the second is a hybrid of orange and lime.

14. Yemeni citron - an independent species.

15. The citron "Fingers (hand) of the Buddha" looks like Cthulhu

16. Corsican citron. Please note - all these varieties have almost no pulp - one zest.

17. Kaffir lime (Kaffir lime, kaffir lime, Citrus hystrix, Kaffir lime, porcupine citrus).

18. Etrog (Efrog, Greek citron, cedrat citron, Jewish citron).

19. Persian (Tahitian) lime.

20. Limetta (limette, Citrus limetta, Italian lime, sweet lime).

21. Mexican lime (West Indian lime, sour lime). It is the Mexican lime that is usually painted on bottles and cans with all sorts of lime drinks.

22. Indian lime (aka Palestinian, Palestinian sweet lime, Colombian lime) has long been considered a hybrid of lime and lime, but attempts to cross these plants did not result in anything similar.

23. Australian finger lime (finger lime). It is also called citrus caviar.

24. He is. There are many varieties of them, with pulp of different colors. The origin is also unknown. The fruits are similar to multi-colored cucumbers. Australian chefs use the pulp of finger limes as a garnish, add it to salads and soups, decorate fish and meat dishes with it.

25. Limandarins (lemons) - the results of crossing tangerines with limes or lemons. Limandarins have been bred in China since time immemorial. It is believed that the first Limandarin was the result of a cross between a Cantonese lemon and a Cantonese mandarin. The Chinese red lemons that appear on our shelves are typical lemons.

26. Rangpur is an Indian hybrid of mandarin and lime.

27. Otahite (Sweet Rangpur, Otahite Rangpur, Tahitian Orange). This is also a limandarin, also believed to be from India. It was opened in 1813 in Tahiti, from where the Europeans took it around the world.

28. Rough lemon or citronella. It comes from Northern India and is a hybrid of mandarin and citron.

29. Pomelo. It is also Citrus maxima, Citrus grandis, pummela and sheddock - in honor of Captain Sheddock, who brought pomelo seeds to the West Indies (to Barbados) from the Malay Archipelago in the 17th century. Huge round or pear-shaped fruits with a rather thick rind, a lot of juicy pulp, rough, easily detachable membranes. One of the original citrus fruits, from which all their variety is gone. The zest of a pomelo is yellow, green, and the flesh is yellow, green, red.

30. Pomelo with lime.

31. Hybrid - Duncan grapefruit, a variety bred in Florida, in 1830

32. Also a hybrid - grapefruit Hudson.

33. We have a very famous pomelo hybrid - oroblanco. It is the result of crossing Siamese sweet pomelo and Marsh grapefruit.

34. Sweetie is a grapefruit hybrid from Israel.

35. New Zealand grapefruit. It is called grapefruit, but it is believed that it is either a natural tangelo or a hybrid of pomelo and grapefruit. The place of origin is also unclear - either China or Australia. Significantly sweeter than most grapefruits.

36. Chironha is a citrus fruit that is about the size of a grapefruit and tastes more like an orange.

37. Calamondin (aka golden lime, Panamanian orange, calamansi, musky lime), the result of crossing sour mandarin (sunky) and kumquat.

38. Yuzu (ichandrin, young) is the result of crossing sunki and ichang-papeda (ichang lime).

39. Kumquat. These are such small, with the extreme phalanx of the thumb of an adult male, yellow or orange fruits, similar in shape to reduced lemons. Sold, as a rule, in large grocery stores, in laminated foam trays. They appeared in Russia relatively recently, only a few years ago. At first they were hellishly expensive, but today they have fallen in price. Well, if you haven't tried them yet, you've probably seen them.

40. Limequat Eustis (a hybrid of Mexican lime and round kumquat).

41. Mandarinquat Indio.

42. Lemonquats (lemon + kumquat) and orangequats (orange or tripoliata + kumquat). And here, attention, faustreme is a hybrid of Eustice limequat and Australian finger lime.

43. Sevillano, Seville bitter orange. In Seville they produce 17 thousand tons per year. Bitter oranges are not eaten fresh, juices are not made from them, but they are used in the hybridization of citrus fruits, used to make orange bitters, to give an orange flavor to liqueurs, and also as a seasoning for fish and as a raw material for obtaining aromatic oils.

44. Citranzhquat - a hybrid of citrange (which in turn is a hybrid of orange and trifoliates, aka poncirus) and kumquat.

45. Bitter orange kikudaidai (Japanese citrus, canaliculata) is a purely ornamental plant. In Japan, it is grown to admire.

46. ​​Bergamot (bergamot lemon, bergamot sour orange) - a variety of bitter orange with a very bright recognizable smell - is used in perfumery.

47. Sweet orange Citrus sinensis - Chinese citrus.

48. A hybrid of sour orange and pomelo - natsudaidai or natsumikan.

49. Citrus sinensis - from the inside.

50. Red oranges. Their Russian name is korolki. Americans call them blood oranges - bloody oranges. The bloodiest sanguinelli...

51. ...and sanguinelli.

52. The fruit of papeda ichang. Papeds are used for hybridization.

53. Ponciruses - an independent genus of the subfamily of the orange family of the rue family, including one single species - trifoliata or three-leafed poncirus.

54. Citremon is a hybrid of trifoliata and lemon.

55. Kabusu (kabosu) - Chinese, but especially popular in Japan, a hybrid of papeda and orange.

56. Eremocitruses or Australian dessert limes. This is also a separate subgenus of citrus fruits. Eremocitrus has a drop dead shaggy tree and small green fruits.

57. Murrays are a separate genus of the rue family, not citruses. But their fruits are similar to citrus fruits, and therefore everyone who is engaged in breeding, studying and hybridizing citrus fruits is also interested in murrays. Murrayi is also called orange jasmine.

58. Severinia is also close to citrus fruits.

59. Afrocitrus or citropsis. They are African cherry oranges. These are trees with small edible fruits that vaguely resemble citrus fruits.

60. Lemon feronia, sour limon or Indian wood apple. Indian wild-growing rue with very sour (although they say that there are also sweet) edible fruits with an almost wooden peel.

61. Ceylon Orangester. Orangester fruits are very bitter, but the leaves, if rubbed, broken, have a strong lemon flavor.

Many people love tangerines, but did you know that there are many hybrids of these citrus fruits with various fruits? Breeders did their best and brought out a lot of unusual citrus fruits, each type of which has its own unique taste. For example, there is a hybrid of mandarin and pomelo (or grapefruit) called tangelo. There are even oranges crossed with pomegranate (blood orange). It is in this article that we will tell you what mandarin hybrids are and how they differ from each other.

This is the name of a hybrid of mandarin and king orange, which was obtained more than a hundred years ago in Algeria. They named it in honor of the creator - the French breeder, priest Pierre Clement. Sometimes it happens that clementines are mistaken for tangerines, but they taste much sweeter than their citrus counterparts.

In fact, outwardly they also differ, although in form they are very similar to each other. The peel of clementine is much brighter - it is painted in a rich orange color. They tolerate cold very well and are unusually rich in vitamins A and C. Clementine juice is often used to make marinade. An unusual citrus is grown on the Mediterranean coast, from where it is exported to European countries.

Calamondin

The now popular tangerine tree, the fruit of which is a sour tangerine crossed with a kumquat. The fruits themselves taste very sour, but due to the sweetish and very thin crust, they can be eaten. By the way, you can eat these fruits only if calamondin was grown on your own: when you buy such a tree in a store, keep in mind that it is treated with a lot of chemicals. They are often used in combination with other products due to their very unusual taste.

Calamondins are very convenient to grow, as it is possible even on the windowsill in your own apartment. Although, of course, in most cases it is just a beautiful ornamental tree, since many people buy it in flower shops, and do not grow it on their own.

Tangerine

Tangerine is a mandarin with a thin skin and deep orange flesh. Outwardly, they practically do not differ from ordinary tangerines, although they have a “nose” more characteristic of a lemon. Therefore, if you come across a seedless fruit, easily divided into small slices and incredibly sweet in taste, most likely you have purchased a tangerine. It can be used both fresh and used for a variety of preparations. This unusual sweet fruit is grown in China and Morocco, it can also be found in Sicily. In addition to excellent taste, tangerines also contain a large amount of vitamins in their juicy pulp. In addition, essential oils are often made from them and their aroma is even recognized as an excellent sleeping pill.

Tangor

Tangor was obtained by crossing sweet orange and no less sweet tangerine. Outwardly, it is very similar to a tangerine, although it differs from the fruits that are familiar to us in larger sizes. In appearance, the fruits of tangor are quite round, slightly flattened. Inside, under a thick peel, you can find an unusually juicy and sweet pulp, which contains a huge amount of seeds. Some note that in the taste of tangor you can feel the notes of mango. A huge disadvantage of this hybrid is its rather low frost resistance.

Sunki

Sunki is a very sour tangerine. It was he who was crossed with kumquat in order to subsequently obtain calamondin, a tangerine tree known to many, which is easy to grow on your windowsill. The rind of sunka is very dense, and the flesh has a bitter taste with noticeable sour notes. As you can guess from the name, this fruit is grown in China. Due to its bitter taste, sunki is not used in cooking, but it has been used in cosmetology - it can be used to obtain nourishing oil.

Cosmetics containing tangerine oil have long gained popularity all over the world.

Citrandarine

Citrandarine in the eyes of our compatriots looks very strange, which is no wonder, because breeders got it by crossing a lemon with a tangerine. In appearance, it looks more like a lemon - its fruits are elongated, although the skin color is orange, like that of a tangerine. At the same time, the fruit itself is quite convex to the touch. The taste of citrandarine is sour, which is not surprising, because it “inherited” these sour notes from lemon.

Ichandarin

Such a fruit with an unusual name can be obtained by crossing a mandarin with an exotic citrus ichang. In size, ichandarin is very small (but not as small as calamondin). Its taste is not very impressive - it is rather sour. It is for this reason that ichandarin is not eaten, but is grown specifically for industrial processing.

Citrus is a genus of evergreen trees and shrubs of the Rutaceae family. The most famous representatives of this genus are lemon, mandarin, orange, lime and grapefruit. Their appearance and taste is known to everyone. But few people know that citrus species have many varieties and are the parents for unusual hybrids. Here are some of the most interesting citrus varieties.

Tangelo - hybrid of mandarin and pomelo or grapefruit. The juicy fruit, about the size of an adult's fist, has a mild and sweet taste reminiscent of a tangerine. The orange peel is easy to peel. Tangelo is sometimes called "honeybells" for its unusual shape - a rounded fruit has a characteristic "handle".

Mineola- a kind of tangelo. A hybrid of the Bowen grapefruit and the Dancy mandarin is named after the city of Minneola, Florida. The fruit of the mineola has a slightly flattened shape. The skin of the mineola is thin, bright red-orange in color, and the flesh is sweet and sour.

Clementine- a hybrid of mandarin and king orange. This citrus received the official status of a variety in 1902. The name of the hybrid was in honor of the French missionary Clement Rodier. As the story goes, Clement made the unique discovery of a hybrid mandarin in the garden of his Algiers orphanage. However, there is an assumption that the hybrid appeared earlier, in Asia, and later spread to the Mediterranean region. The glossy, dark orange clementine has a deliciously sweet taste, is almost pitted, and is easy to peel.

coals- a kind of tangelo originally from Jamaica. Plump greenish-orange fruits with a bumpy peel are the result of the joint work of nature and man. Ugli was found by chance in a pasture and was identified presumably as a "cross" between mandarin and grapefruit. Subsequently, a sour orange was grafted onto its cuttings and the selection of offspring with the smallest number of seeds was carried out. As a result, the coals acquired a delicate taste and aroma, while retaining a light spicy bitterness.

rangpur- An Indian hybrid of mandarin and lemon with a very sour taste and orange zest and pulp.

Calamondin, or citrofortunella,- the offspring of kumquat and sour tangerine. Calamondin inherited its edible peel from the kumquat, and its appearance and aroma from the mandarin. Calamondin is of Chinese origin, but has long been widely distributed in the East, including Indonesia and the Philippines, where the earliest descriptions of this fruit were made. It is curious that the kumquat has nothing to do with the genus of citrus fruits: this plant belongs to the genus Fortunella ( Fortunella

Oroblanco,or retinue, is a variety developed from a traditional hybrid of sweet pomelo and white grapefruit. Translated from Spanish, the name of this hybrid means "white gold". The pulp of the fruit is tender, juicy, sweet, pitted, pale yellow. Oroblanco lacks the grapefruit's signature astringency, but the fleshy white membranes are bitter, so they're not meant to be eaten. When ripe, its thick peel becomes a bright green or golden color.

etrog- one of the varieties of citron. In antiquity and in the Middle Ages, citron was used mainly for medicinal purposes, for which it received the Latin name Citrus medica. Citron fruit served as a cure for seasickness, intestinal diseases and lung problems. Citron juice with wine was considered an effective antidote. The etrog is a Jewish religious symbol and is used in rituals during the holiday of Sukkot.

Another special variety of citron, - "Buddha's hand". This fruit, resembling fused fingers, sometimes consists of only the zest and is an excellent flavoring agent.

coals is a type of tangelo native to Jamaica. Plump greenish-orange fruits with a bumpy skin are the result of a joint work of nature and man. Ugli was found by chance in a pasture and was identified presumably as a "cross" between mandarin and grapefruit. Subsequently, a sour orange was grafted onto its cuttings and the selection of offspring with the smallest number of seeds was carried out. As a result, the coals acquired a delicate taste and aroma, while retaining a light spicy bitterness.

rangpur- An Indian hybrid of mandarin and lemon with a very sour taste and orange zest and pulp.

Calamondin, or citrofortunella,- the offspring of kumquat and sour tangerine. Calamondin inherited its edible peel from the kumquat, and its appearance and aroma from the mandarin. Calamondin is of Chinese origin, but has long been widely distributed in the East, including Indonesia and the Philippines, where the earliest descriptions of this fruit were made. It is curious that the kumquat has nothing to do with the citrus genus: this plant belongs to the genus Fortunella ( Fortunella). Small, golden yellow kumquat fruits have an edible sweet peel and sour flesh. These fruits make excellent jam, marmalade and jelly. The kumquat is sometimes used as a substitute for olives when serving martinis. Some kumquat-citrus hybrids, such as limequats and orangequats, are often available dried.

Oroblanco, or retinue, is a variety derived from a traditional hybrid of sweet pomelo and white grapefruit. Translated from Spanish, the name of this hybrid means "white gold". The pulp of the fruit is tender, juicy, sweet, pitted, pale yellow. Oroblanco lacks the grapefruit's signature astringency, but the fleshy white membranes are bitter, so they're not meant to be eaten. When ripe, its thick peel becomes a bright green or golden color.

etrog- one of the varieties of citron. In antiquity and in the Middle Ages, citron was used mainly for medicinal purposes, for which it received the Latin name Citrus medica. Citron fruit served as a cure for seasickness, intestinal diseases and lung problems. Citron juice with wine was considered an effective antidote. The etrog is a Jewish religious symbol and is used in rituals during the holiday of Sukkot.

Another special variety of citron is "Buddha's hand". This fruit, resembling fused fingers, sometimes consists of only the zest and is an excellent flavoring agent.